基于3种方法的西南杂交籼稻稻米食味评价及品种优选

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.06.014

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Based on the three existing taste evaluation methods, the aim of this study was to research the eating quality characteristics of different indica hybrid rice varieties, and to select the excellent taste indica hybrid rice varieties in Southwest China. 【Method】 Based on the variety screening test in 2017, a single-factor randomized block field experiment was conducted in Yongsheng and Dayi in 2018. The eating quality was evaluated by two national standard sensory evaluation methods and taste analyzer for comparing the response of indica hybrid rice to sensory evaluation method, and the differences were compared among the 20 rice varieties. 【Result】 The eating quality of rice was regulated by multiple factors, the varieties with good taste had common characteristics, including excellent aroma, appearance, palatability, flavor and cold rice texture under the two sensory evaluations, as well as the appearance and taste value under the taste analyzer evaluation, and consequently to better eating quality. The path analysis showed that palatability had the highest contribution, followed by flavor and appearance, and the cold rice texture was the lowest. There were obvious differences in the eating quality of rice among different varieties. Under the three evaluation methods, Yixiangyou 2115, Nei 5 you 39, Fanyou 609, Huaxiangyou 1618, Chuanyou 6203 and Longliangyou 1146 all had excellent eating quality at 2 eco-points. Compared with Lüyou 4923 and Chuanyou 8377, Yixiangyou 2115 and Huaxiangyou 1618 had higher aroma, appearance, palatability, flavor, and consequently to higher eating quality. There were differences in the response of varieties to different evaluation method. Yuxiang 203 at Yongsheng and Y Liangyou 1 hao at Dayi belonged to poor taste varieties under 2 sensory evaluations, whereas both of them significantly higher than average under the evaluation of taste analyzer. The linear fitting results showed that the sensory hundred percentage point system (SHP) and the comprehensive grade rating (CGR) had a high linear fit, the correlation coefficient was r=0.94^***, the correlation coefficients of the taste analyzer value (TAV) to SHP and CGR were r=0.49 ^*** or r=0.53 ^***, respectively, and the degree of dispersion was too large to fully explain the internal relationship between each other. 【Conclusion】 The eating quality of rice was affected by ecological conditions and varieties. However, using a single taste evaluation method could not accurately evaluate the eating quality of rice varieties. Therefore, 6 varieties with good and stable taste, including Yixiangyou 2115, Nei 5 you 39, Fanyou 609, Huaxiangyou 1618, Chuanyou 6203 and Longliangyou1146, were selected by comprehensive used of the three current taste evaluation methods, which could be promoted as the high-quality taste varieties in Southwest China.

Key words: rice, eating quality, evaluation method, taste analyzer, sensory evaluation

Hui LU,YuJie YUAN,SiQi ZHANG,Hong CHEN,Duo CHEN,XiaoYuan ZHONG,Bo LI,Fei DENG,Yong CHEN,GuiYong LI,WanJun REN. Evaluation of Rice Eating Quality and Optimization of Varieties of Southwest Indica Hybrid Rice Based on Three Taste Evaluation Methods[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(6): 1243-1257.

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URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.06.014

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2021/V54/I6/1243

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1

Table 1

Table 2

The difference analysis of rice eating quality and taste index based on sensory hundred percentage point system"

品种 Variety	气味 Aroma		外观 Appearance		适口性 Palatability		滋味 Flavor		冷饭质地 Cold rice texture		感官百分制评分 SHP
品种 Variety	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY
宜香4245 Yixiang 4245	18.37bc	17.76b	16.57bcde	14.01ef	23.24bcde	21.66b	19.61abc	19.15bcde	3.74def	3.75cdef	81.52bc	76.55def
内5优39 Nei 5 you 39	17.42ghij	17.01cdef	16.98abc	14.24def	23.37bcd	21.52b	19.44bc	19.04bcde	3.97bcd	3.86bcd	81.19bcde	75.95defg
Y两优1号 Y liangyou 1 hao	17.30hijk	16.48f	15.79fgh	12.46g	22.48defg	21.57b	19.07bc	18.13f	3.67defg	3.79bcdef	78.35fg	72.65h
川优6203 Chuanyou 6203	17.83defg	16.97def	16.28def	15.34bcd	23.20bcdef	22.44b	19.61abc	19.03bcde	3.63defg	4.1abc	80.63cde	78.1bcde
晶两优534 Jingliangyou 534	17.51fghij	16.84ef	16.62bcd	13.85f	23.68abc	21.84b	19.85ab	18.54def	3.75def	3.78bcdef	81.23bcd	75.2fg
旌优127 Jingyou 127	18.03cde	17.75b	16.38cdef	14.38def	22.86cdefg	21.66b	19.75abc	18.93bcdef	3.62defg	3.72cdefg	80.43cde	76.41def
渝香203 Yuxiang 203	16.84k	17.48bcde	14.32j	14.57cdef	20.19i	21.78b	18.87cd	19.13bcde	3.82cdef	3.83bcde	73.68i	77.16cdef
繁优609 Fanyou 609	18.19cd	17.65bcd	17.17ab	16.35b	23.35bcde	21.71b	20.32a	19.64abc	3.91bcde	3.92bc	82.6b	79.57bc
C两优华占 C liangyouhuazhan	17.25ijk	17.15bcdef	15.18hi	14.78cdef	22.93cdefg	21.69b	19.58abc	18.85cdef	3.75def	3.85bcde	78.67fg	76.38def
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	17.51fghij	16.87ef	15.87fg	15.01cdef	22.77cdefg	20.97b	19.54abc	18.51def	3.42fgh	3.24hi	78.95fg	75.27fg
花香优1618 Huaxiangyou 1618	18.65ab	18.39a	17.57a	13.85f	24.11ab	21.29b	20.35a	19.15bcde	4.38a	4.18ab	85.27a	77.09cdef
绿优4923 Lüyou 4923	17.26ijk	17.04cdef	14.42j	12.76g	22.18fg	21.81b	18.19d	18.32ef	3.17hi	3.44efghi	75.12h	73.44gh
中优295 Zhongyou 295	17.93cdef	17.42bcde	16.25def	15.70bc	23.14bcdefg	22.15b	19.23bc	18.59def	3.31ghi	3.08i	79.69ef	77.11cdef
隆两优1146 Longliangyou 1146	17.55efghij	18.89a	16.63bcd	18.09a	23.39bcd	24.79a	19.79ab	20.11a	4.18abc	4.44a	81.79bc	86.2a
F优498 F you498	17.46fghij	17.21bcde	15.92efg	15.09cde	22.46defg	21.57b	19.45bc	18.75def	3.51efgh	3.33ghi	78.84fg	75.99defg
中9优2号 Zhong 9 you2 hao	17.68efghi	17.58bcd	14.61ij	15.75bc	22.12g	22.44b	19.41bc	19.14bcde	3.51efgh	3.51defgh	77.59g	78.47bcd
蜀优217 Shuyou 217	17.78defgh	17.57bcd	15.99defg	17.63a	22.64cdefg	22.31b	19.58abc	19.19bcd	3.68defg	3.44efghi	79.74def	77.45cdef
宜香优2115 Yixiangyou 2115	18.93a	18.46a	17.22ab	14.99cdef	24.59a	22.73b	20.37a	19.72ab	4.24ab	4.18ab	85.47a	80.28b
川优8377 Chuanyou 8377	17.15jk	17.68bc	14.09j	14.14ef	21.21h	21.68b	18.98bc	19.17bcde	2.97i	3.20hi	74.71hi	76.07def
渝优7109 Yuyou 7109	17.66efghi	17.69bc	15.57gh	13.95ef	22.31efg	21.95b	19.31bc	18.67def	3.75def	3.39fghi	78.66fg	75.66efg
均值 Mean	17.71A	17.50B	15.97A	14.85B	22.81A	21.98B	19.51A	18.99B	3.70A	3.70A	79.71A	77.05B
变幅Range	16.84-18.93	16.48-18.89	14.09-17.57	12.46-18.09	20.19-24.59	20.97-24.79	18.19-20.37	18.13-20.11	2.97-4.38	3.08-4.44	73.68-85.47	72.65-86.2
CV (%)	2.93	3.39	6.34	9.42	4.25	3.55	2.67	2.51	9.28	9.89	3.84	3.64
双因素方差分析的 P 值 P values of two-ways ANOVA
生态点Location	0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.94		0.000^***
品种Variety	0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***
生态点×品种 Location × Variety	0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.058		0.191		0.000^***

Table 2

Table 3

The difference analysis of rice eating quality and taste index based on comprehensive grade rating"

品种 Variety	气味 Aroma		外观 Appearance		适口性 Palatability		滋味 Flavor		冷饭质地 Cold rice texture		等级综合评分 Comprehensive grade rating
品种 Variety	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY
宜香4245 Yixiang 4245	0.74abc	0.61ab	0.61bcd	-0.97i	0.61abcd	0.27bcd	0.45bcd	0.22bcde	0.85abc	0.75abcd	1.14bcd	0.19bcde
内5优39 Nei 5 you 39	0.11fgh	-0.05efghi	0.61bcd	-0.77hi	0.76abc	0.31bcd	0.39bcd	0.26bcd	1.04a	0.85abc	0.78cdef	0.08bcde
Y两优1号 Y liangyou 1 hao	-0.04fgh	-0.18ghi	-0.01f	-1.41j	0.60adcd	0.31bcd	0.12de	-0.28def	0.79abc	0.62bcde	0.28efgh	-0.95f
川优6203 Chuanyou 6203	0.61bcde	0.21cdef	0.33de	-0.04cde	0.44bcde	0.56abc	0.42bcd	0.37bcd	0.66abcd	0.86abc	0.70cdef	0.49bcd
晶两优534 Jingliangyou 534	0.18efgh	0.10defgh	0.55bcd	-0.84hi	0.79abc	0.39bcd	0.64b	0.11cdef	0.81abc	0.89abc	1.01bcde	-0.31cdef
旌优127 Jingyou 127	0.39cdef	0.44bcd	0.55bcd	-0.52fgh	0.52abcd	0.08bcd	0.54bc	0.21bcde	0.75abcd	0.50bcdef	0.79cdef	0.06bcde
渝香203 Yuxiang 203	-0.22h	0.22cde	-0.65g	-0.54fgh	-0.46fg	0.59ab	0.11de	0.44abc	0.88ab	0.89abc	-0.74i	0.26bcde
繁优609 Fanyou 609	0.64bcd	0.52abc	0.81ab	0.38b	0.68abcd	0.48bc	0.70b	0.87a	0.91ab	0.82abc	1.36abc	0.87b
C两优华占 C liangyouhuazhan	0.08fgh	0.17cdefg	0.04ef	-0.38efg	0.49bcd	0.17bcd	0.34bcde	0.24bcd	0.75abcd	0.8abc	0.55defg	0.09bcde
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	0.22defgh	0.22cde	0.45bcd	0.25bc	0.30bcde	-0.22cd	0.42bcd	0.35bcd	0.67abcd	-0.03fg	0.61defg	0.37bcde
花香优1618 Huaxiangyou 1618	0.85ab	0.39bcd	1.02a	-0.93i	0.84ab	-0.20bcd	0.66b	-0.10def	1.16a	1.04ab	1.64ab	-0.39cdef
绿优4923 Lüyou 4923	-0.08gh	-0.25hi	-0.44g	-1.31j	-0.23efg	-0.33d	-0.43f	-0.38f	0.01ef	0.12efg	-0.7i	-1.07f
中优295 Zhongyou 295	0.32cdefg	-0.18fghi	0.55bcd	0.14bcd	0.08cdef	-0.14bcd	-0.02e	-0.37f	0.14def	-0.19g	0.23fgh	-0.11bcdef
隆两优1146 Longliangyou 1146	0.08fgh	0.83a	0.41cd	1.19a	0.67abcd	1.21a	0.36bcde	0.70ab	0.88ab	1.26a	0.81cdef	1.92a
F优498 F you498	0.04fgh	-0.33i	0.41cd	-0.21def	0.01defg	-0.33d	0.16cde	-0.10def	0.22cdef	0.18efg	-0.05ghi	-0.61ef
中9优2号 Zhong 9 you 2 hao	0.10fgh	0.24cde	-0.33g	0.09bcd	0.04def	0.17bcd	0.06de	0.43abc	0.37bcde	0.34cdefg	-0.18hi	0.41bcd
蜀优217 Shuyou 217	0.20defgh	-0.11efghi	0.75abc	-0.19def	0.39bcde	-0.15bcd	0.40bcd	0.22bcde	0.34bcdef	0.24defg	0.68cdefg	-0.2cdef
宜香优2115 Yixiangyou 2115	1.14a	0.64ab	0.99a	-0.65ghi	1.21a	0.33bcd	1.09a	0.47abc	1.29a	1.00ab	1.91a	0.61bc
川优8377 Chuanyou 8377	-0.06fgh	-0.04efghi	-0.42g	-0.49fgh	-0.65g	-0.33d	0.06de	0.17cde	-0.26f	-0.01fg	-0.63i	-0.38cdef
渝优7109 Yuyou 7109	0.20defgh	0.17cdefg	0.37de	-0.84hi	0.45bcde	-0.16bcd	0.52bc	-0.1def	0.66abcd	0.11efg	0.65cdefg	-0.54def
均值 Mean	0.27A	0.18B	0.33A	-0.40B	0.38A	0.15B	0.35A	0.19B	0.65A	0.55A	0.54A	0.04B
变幅Range	-0.22-1.14	-0.33-0.83	-0.65-1.02	-1.41-1.19	-0.65-1.21	-0.33-1.21	-0.43-1.09	-0.38-0.87	-0.26-1.29	-0.19-1.26	-0.74-1.91	-1.07-1.92
CV (%)	128.76	177.41	145.65	155.25	122.15	262.45	92.92	178.25	61.03	76.57	135.07	1717.79
双因素方差分析的 P 值 P values of two-ways ANOVA
生态点Location	0.023^*		0.000^***		0.002^**		0.000^***		0.108		0.000^***
品种Variety	0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***
生态点×品种 Location × Variety	0.000^***		0.000^***		0.004^**		0.000^***		0.5		0.000^***

Table 3

Table 4

The difference analysis of food taste quality and taste index based on the taste analyzer"

品种 Variety	外观Appearance		口感Taste		食味计值 Taste analyzer value
品种 Variety	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY	永胜 YS	大邑 DY
宜香4245 Yixiang 4245	6.47hij	6.53abcd	6.27fghi	6.63abc	72.27ef	77.63abc
内5优39 Nei 5 you 39	7.63abc	6.83ab	7.30abc	6.97a	83.27a	80.37a
Y两优1号 Y liangyou 1 hao	7.10defg	5.90cdef	6.93de	6.23abcde	79.90b	76.27abc
川优6203 Chuanyou 6203	6.93efg	6.37abcde	6.77de	6.43abcd	77.13bc	77.23abc
晶两优534 Jingliangyou 534	6.40ij	5.70def	6.30fgh	5.90cde	73.57de	73.00cdef
旌优127 Jingyou 127	6.40ij	5.83cdef	6.23ghi	5.87cde	73.40de	72.10cdef
渝香203 Yuxiang 203	6.77ghi	6.70abc	6.57efg	6.80ab	76.43cd	79.47ab
繁优609 Fanyou 609	7.70ab	6.93a	7.40ab	6.80ab	82.83a	79.67ab
C两优华占 C liangyouhuazhan	6.23j	6.27abcdef	6.07hi	6.50abc	73.10e	77.20abc
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	7.30cde	5.97cdef	7.03cd	6.00bcde	79.50bc	71.83cdef
花香优1618 Huaxiangyou 1618	7.93a	6.23abcdef	7.60a	6.40abcd	84.73a	75.57abcd
绿优4923 Lüyou 4923	5.40k	4.47g	5.23j	4.77f	65.00g	62.07g
中优295 Zhongyou 295	6.97efg	5.60ef	6.57efg	5.47ef	76.80bc	68.43ef
隆两优1146 Longliangyou 1146	6.83fgh	5.97cdef	6.63ef	6.13abcde	77.73bc	74.47abcde
F优498 F you498	7.20def	6.27abcdef	6.83de	6.17abcde	78.43bc	74.13bcde
中9优2号 Zhong 9 you2 hao	6.50hij	6.27abcdef	6.30fgh	6.03bcde	72.93e	72.93cdef
蜀优217 Shuyou 217	6.30j	5.90cdef	5.90i	5.80cde	69.63f	70.13def
宜香优2115 Yixiangyou 2115	7.43bcd	6.70abc	7.07bcd	6.77ab	79.43bc	79.37ab
川优8377 Chuanyou 8377	5.17k	5.47f	5.10j	5.60de	63.20g	67.63f
渝优7109 Yuyou 7109	6.53hij	6.00bcedf	6.23ghi	6.13abcde	72.37ef	73.20cdef
均值 Mean	6.76A	6.10B	6.52A	6.17B	75.58A	74.14B
变幅Range	5.17-7.93	4.47-6.93	5.10-7.60	4.77-6.97	63.2-84.73	62.07-80.37
CV (%)	10.46	9.21	9.99	8.62	7.47	6.29
双因素方差分析的 P 值 P values of two-ways ANOVA
生态点Location	0.000^***		0.000^***		0.003^**
品种Variety	0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***
生态点×品种Location?Variety	0.000^***		0.000^***		0.000^***

Table 4

Table 5

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

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品种 Variety	亲本 Parent	米质 Rice quality grade	品种 Variety	亲本 Parent	米质 Rice quality grade
宜香4245 Yixiang 4245	宜香1A×宜恢4245 Yixiang 1A×Yihui 4245	三级 Grade Ⅲ	花香优1618 Huaxiangyou 1618	花香A×川恢1618 Huaxiang A×Chuanhui 1618	三级 Grade Ⅲ
内5优39 Nei 5 you 39	内香5A×内恢2539 Neixiang 5 A×Neihui2539	二级 Grade Ⅱ	绿优4923 Lüyou 4923	绿5 DF 1A×绿恢 4923 Lü5DF1 A×Lühui 4923	三级 Grade Ⅲ
Y两优1号 Y liangyou 1 hao	Y58S×9311 Y58S×9311	三级 Grade Ⅲ	中优295 Zhongyou 295	中9A×禾恢295 Zhong 9 A×Hehui 295	三级 Grade Ⅲ
川优6203 Chuanyou 6203	川106A×成恢3203 Chuan 106 A×Chenghui3203	二级 Grade Ⅱ	隆两优1146 Longliangyou 1146	隆科638S×华恢1146 Longke 638 S×Huahui 1146	三级 Grade Ⅲ
晶两优534 Jingliangyou 534	晶4155S×R534 Jing 4155S×R534	三级 Grade Ⅲ	F优498 F you 498	江育F32A×蜀恢498 Jiangyu F 32 A×Shuhui 498	三级 Grade Ⅲ
旌优127 Jingyou 127	旌香1A×成恢727 Jingxiang 1 A×Chenghui 727	二级 Grade Ⅱ	中9优2号 Zhong 9 you2 hao	中9A×红恢2号 Zhong 9 A×Honghui 2 hao	三级 Grade Ⅲ
渝香203 Yuxiang 203	宜香1A×渝恢2103 Yixiang 1 A×Yuhui2103	二级 Grade Ⅱ	蜀优217 Shuyou 217	蜀21A×成恢727 Shu 21 A×Chenghui 727	——
繁优609 Fanyou 609	繁源A×帮恢609 Fanyuan A×Banghui 609	二级 Grade Ⅱ	宜香优2115 Yixiangyou 2115	宜香1A×雅恢2115 Yixiang 1 A×Yahui 2115	二级 Grade Ⅱ
C两优华占 Cliangyouhuazhan	C815S×华占 C815S×Huazhan	三级 Grade Ⅲ	川优8377 Chuanyou 8377	川358A×成恢377 Chuan 358 A×Chenghui 377	一级 Grade Ⅰ
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	天丰A×华占 Tianfeng A×Huazhan	三级 Grade Ⅲ	渝优7109 Yuyou 7109	渝802A×渝恢7109 Yu 802A×Yuhui 7109	三级 Grade Ⅲ

Evaluation of Rice Eating Quality and Optimization of Varieties of Southwest Indica Hybrid Rice Based on Three Taste Evaluation Methods

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影响指标 Sensory influence index	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	通径系数Path coefficient						贡献率 Contribution rate
		直接作用 Direct effect	间接作用Indirect effect
		直接作用 Direct effect	Ar→T	Ap→T	P→T	F→T	C→T
感官百分制评分 Sensory hundred percentage point system
气味Aroma	0.72**	0.21		0.15	0.19	0.13	0.05	0.15
外观Appearance	0.83**	0.30	0.11		0.25	0.13	0.05	0.25
适口性Palatability	0.86**	0.38	0.10	0.19		0.12	0.06	0.33
滋味Flavor	0.82**	0.20	0.13	0.19	0.23		0.07	0.16
冷饭质地Cold rice texture	0.57**	0.15	0.07	0.10	0.16	0.09		0.08
等级综合评分 Comprehensive grade rating
气味Aroma	0.66**	0.14		0.14	0.22	0.18	-0.02	0.09
外观Appearance	0.76**	0.30	0.07		0.23	0.18	-0.01	0.23
适口性Palatability	0.83**	0.44	0.07	0.16		0.20	-0.03	0.36
滋味Flavor	0.82**	0.30	0.08	0.17	0.28		-0.02	0.25
冷饭质地Cold rice texture	0.57**	-0.04	0.06	0.07	0.30	0.17		-0.02
食味计评分 Taste analyzer value
外观Appearance	0.92**	-0.35		1.27				-0.32
口感Taste	0.98**	1.31			-0.34			1.28

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