谷子萌发期耐盐种质筛选及其保护酶系统对盐胁迫的响应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.22.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to select germplasms tolerant to salt at germination stage, to establish an evaluation criterion for salt tolerance, and to investigate the effect of salt stress on protective enzyme system of different genotypes of foxtail millet at seedling stage. The results could propose an identification method and excellent genetic resources for research on salt-tolerant mechanisms of foxtail millet.【Method】54 foxtail millet varieties from different eco-regions were applied as experimental materials. Salt stress was implemented by adding 1.5% NaCl solution, and distilled water was used as the control. A petri dish based germination method was used to assess the salt tolerance of foxtail millet varieties in artificial climate incubator. Six salt-tolerant indexes were investigated in each treatment, including relative germination potential, relative germination rate, relative coleoptile length, relative radical root length, relative radical root / coleoptiles, and relative salt damage rate. A comprehensive analysis of the salt tolerance of different varieties was conducted via correlation analysis, principal component analysis and clustering analysis. Furthermore, pot experiment was conducted to cultivate selected varieties with different salt tolerance under both salt stress and normal conditions, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity in shoot were analyzed. And then the differences of physiological responses between those genotypes under salt stress were analyzed.【Result】Under salt stress of 1.5% NaCl , a significant positive correlation was detected between relative germination potential and relative germination(r=0.51, P<0.01) and relative coleoptile length (r=0.54, P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between relative coleoptile length and relative radical root length (r=0.64, P<0.01), while the relative salt damage rate showed a significant negative correlation with relative germination rate (r=-0.37, P<0.01) and relative coleoptile length (r=-0.51, P<0.01). Principal component analysis transformed the six single indexes in the salt-stressed germination stage of foxtail millet to three independent comprehensive indexes. Subordinate function analysis was conducted to obtain the comprehensive assessment value (D-value) of salt tolerance of different varieties at germination stage. 54 foxtail millet varieties were classified into five salt tolerant types based on clustering analysis, including extremely salt sensitive, salt sensitive, moderate salt tolerance, salt tolerance and high salt tolerance. The varieties with high salt tolerance were Yangu 13, Longgu 3 from spring sowing region of northwest China, and Jigu 16, Ai88 from summer sowing region of north China. The activities of SOD, POD, and CAT were increased and then decreased under salt stress condition. SOD, POD, and CAT in shoot increased in response to salt stress, and the activity of those enzymes in Jigu 16 was significantly higher than that in Lugu 1.【Conclusion】Remarkable variations in salt tolerance were detected among the 54 genotypes of foxtail millet. The systematical and clear results can be obtained by membership function analysis, and the salt tolerance of foxtail millet can be evaluated objectively and comprehensively. The leaf protective enzymes are important for the adaptability of foxtail millet to salt stress in seedling stage.

Key words: foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.), salt-stress, germination stage, comprehensive evaluation, protective enzymes

QIN Ling, ZHANG YanTing, CHEN ErYing, YANG YanBing, LI FeiFei, GUAN YanAn. Screening for Germplasms Tolerant to Salt at Germination Stage and Response of Protective Enzymes to Salt Stress in Foxtail Millet[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(22): 4027-4038.

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URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.22.008

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Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Comprehensive index(CIx), index weight, μ (X) and D value of each variety"

序号 Number	CI₁	CI₂	CI₃	μ (X₁)	μ (X₂)	μ (X₃)	D	综合评价 Comprehensive valuation
1	-2.2796	-0.5447	0.4050	0.0955	0.1295	0.5460	0.1772	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
2	1.3460	0.2178	-0.1585	0.4899	0.2264	0.4308	0.4028	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
3	1.2316	0.2696	-1.8077	0.4775	0.2330	0.0939	0.3443	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
4	0.0000	0.8496	-0.0200	0.3435	0.3067	0.4591	0.3510	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
5	-0.0623	-1.2831	0.4707	0.3367	0.0357	0.5594	0.2833	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
6	2.2398	3.5566	0.6492	0.5872	0.6506	0.5958	0.6073	高度耐盐High salt tolerance
7	-0.4241	-0.1059	-0.6293	0.2973	0.1853	0.3346	0.2702	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
8	-0.5756	1.9376	2.6273	0.2809	0.4449	1.0000	0.4437	耐盐Salt tolerance
9	-0.3235	-0.5754	-0.4567	0.3083	0.1256	0.3699	0.2642	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
10	-1.0946	0.0800	-0.5070	0.2244	0.2089	0.3596	0.2413	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
11	-0.1767	0.4078	-1.9838	0.3243	0.2505	0.0579	0.2601	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
12	1.5976	-0.0443	-1.1515	0.5173	0.1931	0.2279	0.3756	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
13	0.6795	-0.2044	-0.7963	0.4174	0.1727	0.3005	0.3266	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
14	-0.4494	-1.1064	1.4951	0.2946	0.0581	0.7687	0.3002	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
15	2.0224	0.6177	0.1566	0.5635	0.2772	0.4952	0.4682	耐盐Salt tolerance
16	1.7565	-1.1427	0.0451	0.5346	0.0535	0.4724	0.3827	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
17	0.9306	-0.6810	-0.2228	0.4447	0.1122	0.4177	0.3423	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
18	-1.4052	-0.1881	0.5329	0.1906	0.1748	0.5721	0.2466	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
19	-0.7363	6.3065	0.4175	0.2634	1.0000	0.5485	0.5261	高度耐盐High salt tolerance
20	0.4163	-0.8748	0.1120	0.3888	0.0876	0.4861	0.3154	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
21	2.619	-1.4495	-2.1504	0.6284	0.0145	0.0238	0.3511	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
22	-0.0984	-0.9923	0.3280	0.3328	0.0726	0.5302	0.2874	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
23	2.0215	-0.3289	0.3369	0.5634	0.1569	0.5320	0.4385	耐盐 Salt tolerance
24	0.8321	-1.5640	0.2352	0.4340	0.0000	0.5113	0.3182	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
25	-0.3626	-0.8436	-0.2953	0.3040	0.0915	0.4029	0.2570	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
26	-0.6926	-1.2175	0.2139	0.2681	0.0440	0.5069	0.2400	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
27	-1.9623	-0.6357	-0.0949	0.1300	0.1179	0.4438	0.1764	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
28	0.4516	1.1999	-0.8049	0.3926	0.3512	0.2987	0.3655	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
29	1.2783	-0.4670	0.5348	0.4826	0.1394	0.5725	0.3956	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
30	-1.1852	-0.1785	0.5406	0.2145	0.1760	0.5737	0.2603	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
31	-3.1570	1.8624	-2.2671	0.0000	0.4353	0.0000	0.1285	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
32	-3.0920	-0.8026	-0.0456	0.0071	0.0967	0.4539	0.1046	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
33	-1.5469	-1.1680	0.6173	0.1752	0.0503	0.5893	0.2042	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
34	-1.8683	-1.2398	1.1237	0.1402	0.0412	0.6928	0.1989	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
35	1.0959	1.4691	-0.4824	0.4627	0.3854	0.3646	0.4243	耐盐Salt tolerance
36	-0.5245	-0.4524	0.4839	0.2864	0.1412	0.5621	0.2874	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
37	-1.9564	-0.5711	0.2578	0.1306	0.1262	0.5159	0.1906	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
38	5.6668	-1.3401	0.1074	0.9600	0.0284	0.4851	0.6096	高度耐盐High salt tolerance
39	-0.4107	-0.5841	1.7251	0.2988	0.1245	0.8157	0.3296	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
40	-0.0538	-1.0250	0.4973	0.3376	0.0685	0.5648	0.2944	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
41	6.0342	1.7618	1.6937	1.0000	0.4226	0.8093	0.7993	高度耐盐High salt tolerance
42	-2.1428	-0.5681	0.0462	0.1103	0.1265	0.4726	0.1728	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
43	0.4245	0.1161	0.4252	0.3897	0.2135	0.5501	0.3632	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
44	-1.1984	0.6045	0.4779	0.2131	0.2755	0.5608	0.2868	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
45	-0.9893	-0.9606	0.5596	0.2358	0.0767	0.5775	0.2432	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
46	-2.2146	-0.6243	-0.9891	0.1025	0.1194	0.2611	0.1327	高度盐敏感Extremely salt sensitivity
47	0.5139	1.8569	0.6272	0.3994	0.4346	0.5913	0.4403	耐盐Salt-tolerance
48	1.3441	0.245	-0.8058	0.4897	0.2298	0.2986	0.3826	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
49	-0.4474	1.3137	-0.7449	0.2948	0.3656	0.3110	0.3183	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
50	0.1973	-0.2087	0.3914	0.3649	0.1722	0.5432	0.3364	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
51	0.6813	0.2845	0.1753	0.4176	0.2349	0.4990	0.3766	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
52	0.3868	0.2984	-1.8436	0.3856	0.2366	0.0865	0.2940	盐敏感Salt sensitivity
53	0.3103	-0.0096	-0.0411	0.3772	0.1975	0.4548	0.3365	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
54	-1.3353	1.3425	0.5085	0.1982	0.3693	0.5671	0.3074	中度耐盐Moderate salt tolerance
权重 Index weight(W_j)				0.5458	0.2951	0.1591

Table 4

Fig. 1

Table 5

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

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指标 Index	变化范围 Variation range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 Coefficient of variance
相对发芽势 Relative germination potential(%)	0.00—74.57	14.24	100.27
相对发芽率 Relative germination rate(%)	3.81—93.77	36.15	56.96
相对胚芽长 Relative coleoptile length(%)	8.66—59.48	24.45	36.33
相对胚根长 Relative radical root length(%)	4.52—33.62	9.83	47.64
相对根芽比 Relative radical root / coleoptiles(%)	19.83—105.46	41.67	35.88
相对盐害率 Relative salt damage rate(%)	6.33—96.19	63.85	32.25

相关系数 Correlation coefficient	相对发芽势 Relative germination potential (X₁)	相对发芽率 Relative germination rate (X₂)	相对胚芽长 Relative coleoptile length (X₃)	相对胚根长 Relative radical root length (X₄)	相对根芽比 Relative radical root / coleoptiles (X₅)	相对盐害率 Relative salt damage rate (X₆)
X₁	1
X₂	0.51**	1
X₃	0.54**	0.46**	1
X₄	0.05	0.10	0.64**	1
X₅	-0.37**	-0.28**	-0.27**	0.47**	1
X₆	-0.51**	-1.00**	-0.46**	-0.10	0.28**	1

项目 Item	CI₁	CI₂	CI₃
特征值Eigen value	2.984	1.613	0.870
贡献率Contributive ratio (%)	49.73	26.89	14.50
累积贡献率 Cumulative contributive ratio (%)	49.73	76.62	91.12
特征向量Eigenvector X₁	0.435	-0.092	0.324
特征向量Eigenvector X₂	0.517	-0.075	-0.465
特征向量Eigenvector X₃	0.438	0.340	0.462
特征向量Eigenvector X₄	0.144	0.748	0.099
特征向量Eigenvector X₅	-0.252	0.552	-0.490
特征向量Eigenvector X₆	-0.517	0.075	0.465

Screening for Germplasms Tolerant to Salt at Germination Stage and Response of Protective Enzymes to Salt Stress in Foxtail Millet

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