Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 348-361.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.02.013

• STORAGE·FRESH-KEEPING·PROCESSING • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Volatile Components of Main Indica Rice Cultivars from Hunan Province

SONG Wei, HU WanJun, XU ZongJi, LIU Bing, FAN Yan, NI Yang, YANG HuiPing   

  1. Nanjing University of Finance and Economics /Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023
  • Received:2016-05-13 Online:2017-01-16 Published:2017-01-16

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Abstract: 【Objective】The volatile components of different indica rice varieties from Hunan province were investigated and compared to explore the possibility that using volatile compounds as indicators for characterization and differentiation of varieties, also for providing a reference for rice storage, processing and quality control.【Method】The head space-solid phase microextraction method was used to extract the volatile components from twelve varieties of indica rice and the extracted volatile substances were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The principal component analysis was adopted to analyze their flavors.【Result】A total of 265 volatile components were detected, 125 kinds of substances were screened according to the quality of not less than 80, including 56 kinds of hydrocarbons, 12 kinds of alcohols, 13 kinds of aldehydes, 14 kinds of ketones, 19 kinds of eaters, and 11 kinds of heterocylic compounds. The average percentage contribution of alkanes, olefin, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, eaters and heterocylic compounds to the total were 26.907%, 8.417%, 7.308%, 5.810%, 9.628%, 18.626%, 13.926% and 6.819%, respectively. The coefficient of variation was 19.98%, 38.22%, 34.67%, 41.12%, 28.57%, 38.81%, 20.13% and 34.33%, respectively. High levels of 6, 10, 14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone were detected in all species. Some varieties have unique substances, and Kauri-15-ene only existed in Zhuliangyou 819 and Zaoyou, Tezao has a special bisabolene. Isophytol, tetrahydrofurfuryl lavender alcohol and citronellol existed only in Zhuliangyou819, Tezao and Zaoyou respectively. Only Zaoxian87 contained high levels of dihydroxyacetophenone. Benzoicacid ester of silicon occurred only in Zaoyou, chloroformate n-nonyl ester was only detected in Zhongzao 39, and chloroformate n-octyl phthalate was detected only in Zhuliangyou 819 and Zaoxain 51-4. The results of principal component analysis showed that olefin, alkanes, aldehydes and heterocylic substances were the main influencing factors. The contribution rate was 35.878%, 19.267%, 18.727% and 13.596%, respectively, and the cumulative contribution rate was 87.467%. Samples (Xiangai45, Xiangzao32, Zaoxian87, Zaoxian89, Zaoxian51-4, Zhuliangyou 819, Tezao, Zhongzao39, Zaoyou) were distinguished except Zhuliangyou402, Tanliangyou83 and Zaoxian24 according to olefin. Zaoxian 87, Zaoxian89 and Zaoxian51-4 could be identified by alkanes. Zhuliangyou 819 and Zaoixan 51-4 were distinguished through aldehydes. Zaoxian 51-4 and Zaoxian 24 were identified in accordance with heterocyclic substance.【Conclusion】There are significant differences in volatile compositions and concentrations among 12 varieties of indica rice. Principal component analysis can identify specific substances and distinct paddy varieties.

Key words: Hunan province, indica rice, volatile compounds, principal component analysis

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