陆地棉核心种质表型性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.19.003

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to analyze the genetic diversity and the law of genetic variation of phenotypic traits and explore the comprehensive evaluation techniques for core collection in upland cotton.【Method】The genetic diversity of 419 core collections in upland cotton was analyzed with 17 phenotypic traits. Genetic diversity of phenotypic traits was calculated using Shannon-weaver Information Index. Phenotypic distance was analyzed using Nei’s 1973, and then NTSYS-pc 2.20q software was used for cluster analysis of core collections. With SAS9.2, the best linear unbiased estimate (BLUE) value was gotten from phenotypic trait data, and then the optimum value of phenotypic traits was calculated according to the best linear unbiased estimator. Meanwhile, the principal component, regression and correlation analysis were also used to study the comprehensive evaluation index and method of core collection. 【Result】 Based on the analysis of phenotypic traits of core collection, it was found that the variation of boll number, boll weight, lint percentage, seed index and other traits were greater with coefficient of variation over 10% , while the variation of fiber breaking strength, micronaire level and the upper half of the average length was smaller which their coefficient of variation was below 10%. Variance analysis found that there were significant differences in the phenotypic traits between various locations, between years, and between locations and years. The phenotypic traits of different geographical origin germplasms were quite different. The growing stage elongation, upper half mean length, lint percentage and other traits from the geographical origin of the Yangtze River areas were higher than those of other geographic origins, and the comprehensive properties including the fiber strength, boll weight, uniformity index, plant height, and spinning uniformity index from the Northwest areas were the best. The yield and fiber quality traits from the US germplasms were superior to the sum of the other countries. Genetic diversity indices of phenotypic traits were 0.351-3.796, with an average of 1.715. The result of analysis on the genetic diversity of different geographical origins indicated that the genetic diversity and genetic richness in the Yellow River areas was the highest, but that in south China was the lowest. Cluster analysis showed that the upland cotton lines were overall dispersed with no obvious groups, but the partial accessions with similar characteristics can be clustered into 13 groups. After comprehensive evaluating these core collections, seven principal components were found when the cumulative contribution rate was more than 85%. The comprehensive value (F) of phenotypic traits of core collections averaged 1.740. The highest F value (2.302) was from Australia’s N74-250, and the lowest F value (0.624) was from Liaoyang green cotton. Correlation analysis between 17 phenotypic traits and their F values illuminated that 14 phenotypic traits including boll weight, lint percentage, fiber strength, upper half mean length, etc. were very significantly correlated with the F values, except micronaire, seed index and yellow givers. Finally, the regression equation was constructed for comprehensively evaluating the core collection with 8 phenotypic traits as the independent variables including boll opening stage, boll weight, elongation, flowering, micronaire, plant height, number of fruit branches, and spinning consistent index. 【Conclusion】 The core collection of upland cotton from China has a rich genetic diversity. The difference in genetic variation of the germplasms with different geographical origins is great. The accessions from different ecological zones have unique characteristics.

Key words: upland cotton, core collection, clustering analysis, genetic diversity, comprehensive evaluation

DAI Pan-hong, SUN Jun-ling, HE Shou-pu, WANG Li-ru, JIA Yin-hua, PAN Zhao-e, PANG Bao-yin, DU Xiong-ming, WANG Mi. Comprehensive evaluation and genetic diversity analysis of phenotypic traits of core collection in upland cotton[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(19): 3694-3708.

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