基于表型性状构建传统菊花核心种质

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.16.013

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Exploring the optimal sampling method of constructing the core collection of traditional chrysanthemum varieties and the resulted core collection would help to facilitate the collection and preservation of traditional chrysanthemum germplasm resources.【Method】A collection of 2 249 traditional chrysanthemum germplasm resources, recorded in the monograph “Chinese Chrysanthemum”, were divided into eight groups according to ligulate floret color. Sixteen alternative core collections, resulted from stepwise clustering method of four overall sampling scale (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) and four group sampling ratio (simple ratio, logarithmic ratio, square root ratio, and diversity ratio), were compared to find the best sampling strategy for constructing core collection of traditional chrysanthemum. Consequently, the construction effects of two intra-group sampling methods (cluster and random) were further studied. The representativeness of the core collection established under the optimal method was comprehensively tested by both multiple characteristic values (minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and diversity index) and evaluation parameters (percentage of mean difference, percentage of variance difference, range coincidence rate, variable rate of coefficient of variation, and phenotypic retention ratio). 【Result】According to flower color, each group showed a normal distribution, ensuring the uniformity of sampling; Both logarithmic ratio method and diversity ratio method could make the sampling number of each group more balanced, and had a corrective effect. The parameter values of the core collection constructed under the logarithmic ratio method reached the maximum, showing the optimal sampling ratio method. With the increase of the overall sampling size, the genetic diversity index showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, the variation rate of coefficient of variation continued decreasing, and the range of coincidence rate and phenotypic retention ratio continued increasing. When the sampling size was greater than 10%, the genetic diversity index and the variation rate of coefficient of variation decreased, while the range coincidence rate and phenotypic retention ratio increased slightly, it was concluded that the most suitable overall sampling size was 10%. The parameter values of the alternative core collection constructed by cluster sampling were larger than those by random sampling, indicating the better richness and uniformity of core collection by the cluster sampling method. The eigenvalues of the core collection were consistent with those of the original collection, and the several evaluation parameters showed the expected uniformity and abundance of the core collection, reflecting the phenotypic diversity. By supplementing the “chasing hug” trait lost by clustering and improving the two traits of inflorescence height and outer petal length, the core collection of 228 traditional chrysanthemum varieties was finally constructed, accounting for 10.14% of the original materials.【Conclusion】Based on 15 phenotypic traits of 2 249 traditional chrysanthemum varieties, the best core collection construction method was determined after systematic comparison of alternative core collections constructed by various overall sampling size, sampling ratio method and sampling method in the group, and the representativeness of the core collection was analyzed and verified. The eigenvalues and evaluation parameters showed that the core collection constructed in this study was effective and capable of representing the genetic diversity of the original traditional chrysanthemum collection.

Key words: traditional chrysanthemum, phenotypic traits, core collection, sampling strategy, evaluation parameter

LI JiaWei,SU JiangShuo,ZHANG Fei,FANG WeiMin,GUAN ZhiYong,CHEN SuMei,CHEN FaDi. Construction of Core Collection of Traditional Chrysanthemum morifolium Based on Phenotypic Traits[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(16): 3514-3526.

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Table 7

The core collection of traditional C. morifolium varieties based on phenotypic traits"

序号 Number	品种名称 Variety denomination	序号 Number	品种名称 Variety denomination	序号 Number	品种名称 Variety denomination
1	胭脂牡丹 Yanzhimudan	39	白凤 Baifeng	77	黄莺蝶 Huangyingdie
2	碧玉丝 Biyusi	40	金牡丹 Jinmudan	78	紫云英 Ziyunying
3	金峰铃 Jinfengling	41	黄昏灯照 Huanghundengzhao	79	粉刺松针 Fencisongzhen
4	回旋激浪 Huixuanjilang	42	送金波 Songjinbo	80	琼楼玉宇 Qionglouyuxu
5	日本红星 Ribenhongxing	43	天边柳色 Tianbianliuse	81	孔雀开屏 Kongquekaiping
6	粉牡丹 Fengmudan	44	油田之夜 Youtianzhiye	82	南江玉笛 Nanjiangyudi
7	紫玉玲珑 Ziyulinglong	45	天宫袍 Tiangongpao	83	绿衣使者 Lvyishizhe
8	白玉环 Baiyuhuan	46	红凤更毛 Hongfenggengmao	84	春艳 Chunyan
9	绝代佳人 Juedaijiaren	47	金重玉楼 Jinchongyulou	85	玉色狮子 Yuseshizi
10	娇凤 Jiaofeng	48	朝阳 Zhaoyang	86	玉翎管 Yulingguan
11	红灯明 Hongdengming	49	雪青针 Xueqingzhen	87	久米の遨 Jiuminoao
12	百合 Baihe	50	连环佩 Lianhuanpei	88	皓月 Haoyue
13	白鸥 Baiou	51	绿扬春 Lvyangchun	89	紫霞装 Zixiazhuang
14	粉霞 Fengxia	52	竹露 Zhulu	90	粉线玉珠 Fenxianyuzhu
15	梅光照眼 Meiguangzhaoyan	53	赤龙怒鬣 Chilongnulie	91	金黄袈裟 Jinhuangjiasha
16	曙光 Shuguang	54	金狮 Jinshi	92	金雅冠 Jinyaguan
17	玉环宝盖 Yuhuanbaogai	55	五彩凤 Wucaifeng	93	粉荷莲Fenhelian
18	峨嵋晴雪 Emeiqingxue	56	醉玉环 Zuiyuhuan	94	玉波 Yubo
19	乳鹅黄 Ruehuang	57	梅花点雪 Meihuadianxue	95	月姬报晓 Yuejibaoxiao
20	苍龙卧 Canglongwo	58	金狮舞环 Jinshiwuhuan	96	金龙爪 Jinlongzhao
21	嫩江春色 Nenjiangchunse	59	彩练舞空 Cailianwukong	97	金龙吐珠 Jinlongtuzhu
22	翡翠盘 Feicuipan	60	紫凤仙衣 Zifengxianyi	98	锦鸡红翎 Jinjihongling
23	小金背红 Xiaojinbeihong	61	金珠双辉 Jinzhushuanghui	99	粉针钩环 Fenzhengouhuan
24	夕阳霞辉 Xiyangxiahui	62	超绿云 Chaolvyun	100	炼金 Lianjin
25	白雪公主 Baixuegongzhu	63	玉桃荷 Yutaohe	101	珍珠连环 Zhenzhulianhuan
26	深粉荷花 Shenfenhehua	64	白凤尾 Baifengwei	102	金鹏展翅 Jinpengzhanchi
27	金丝蟠桃 Jinsipantao	65	雪原英俊 Xueyuanyingjun	103	钟山风雨 Zhongshanfengyu
28	渔娘蓑衣 Yuniangsuoyi	66	红日 Hongri	104	玉管银台 Yuguanyintai
29	念奴娇 Niannujiao	67	艳紫袍 Yanzipao	105	红雀舌 Hongqueshe
30	骏马红棕 Junmahongzong	68	春水绿波 Chunshuilvbo	106	杨妃舞带 Yangfeiwudai
31	醉芙蓉 Zuifurong	69	牛郎 Niulang	107	柳林新绿 Liulinxinlv
32	赤龙须 Chilongux	70	紫旋玉 Zixuanyu	108	绿毛刺 Lvmaoci
33	玉兰春晓 Yulanchunxiao	71	万顷金波 Wangqingjinbo	109	绿潮云 Lvchaoyun
34	桂殿兰宫 Guidianlangong	72	贵妃舒袖 Guifeishuxiu	110	一波三折 Yibosanzhe
35	佳木异珍 Jiamuyizhen	73	云霞出海 Xunxiachuhai	111	醒狮图 Xingshitu
36	银世界 Yinshijie	74	妙舞春风 Miaowuchunfeng	112	玉色蝴蝶 Yusehudie
37	红托桂小菊 Hongtuoguixiaoju	75	桃红管 Taohongguan	113	紫金钩 Zijingou
38	粉线球 Fenxianqiu	76	彩云间 Caiyunjian	114	白蜂窝 Baifengwo
序号 Number	品种名称 Variety denomination	序号 Number	品种名称 Variety denomination	序号 Number	品种名称 Variety denomination
115	紫墨球 Zimoqiu	153	杏林春暖 Xinglinchunnuan	191	松紫霜雪 Songzixiangyue
116	珊瑚宝氅 Shanhubaochang	154	黄雀翠柳 Huangquecuiliu	192	大粉楼 Dafenlou
117	大漠飞鹰 Damofeiying	155	金凤舞 Jinfengwu	193	天女散花 Tiannusanhua
118	织女 Zhinu	156	绿环 Lvhuan	194	花田试马 Huatianshima
119	梨花白 Lihuabai	157	玉扭丝 Yuniusi	195	晴光 Qingguang
120	翡翠帘 Feicuilian	158	白莲美 Bailianmei	196	江南春色 Chunnanjiangse
121	春露花新 Chunluhuaxin	159	墨云峰 Moyunfeng	197	尽朝晖 Jinzhaohui
122	七月黄 Qiyuehuang	160	银莲花 Yinlianhua	198	罗浮春梦 Luofuchunmeng
123	天红地白 Tianhongdibai	161	紫金牡丹 Zijinmudan	199	玉翎 Yuling
124	荔枝垂 Lizhichui	162	红墨丹桂 Hongmodangui	200	绿竹掩映 Lvzhuyanying
125	浅黄荷 Qianhuanghe	163	金毛刺 Jinmaoci	201	粉钩玉刺 Fengouyuci
126	雀舌粉妆 Queshefenzhuang	164	玉蝶 Yudie	202	百鸟朝凤 Bainiaochaofeng
127	墨葵 Mokui	165	园丁之歌 Yuandingzhige	203	丰收 Fengshou
128	映山红 Yingshanhong	166	绿衣仙女 Lvyixiannu	204	虞姬 Yuji
129	玉楼金门 Yuloujinmen	167	彩云飞 Caiyunfei	205	宜春 Yichun
130	小橙托桂 Xiaochengtuogui	168	紫墨荷 Zimohe	206	山色晴岚 Shanseqinglan
131	胜利凯歌 Shenglikaige	169	霞光春色 Xiaguangchunse	207	虎舌 Hushe
132	万龙舞 Wanglongwu	170	羽衣舞 Yuyiwu	208	雪夜红墙 Xueyehongqiang
133	红粉绣球 Hongfenxiuqiu	171	玉殿琼楼 Yudianqionglou	209	淡香疏影 Danxiangshuying
134	万里千山 Wangliqianshan	172	紫霞 Zixia	210	火中炼金 Huozhonglianjin
135	金黄桂 Jinhuanggui	173	紫莺 Ziying	211	金毛虎球 Jinmaohuqiu
136	玉楼金戈 Yuloujinge	174	独立寒秋 Dulihanqiu	212	月宫殿 Yuegongdian
137	绿云 Lvyun	175	雪落蓑衣 Xueluosuoyi	213	铁壳 Tieke
138	月影 Yueying	176	草原春色 Caoyuanchunse	214	雪管桃花 Xueguantaohua
139	雪狮子 Xueshizi	177	银盂 Yinyu	215	老陶然 Laotaoran
140	露华倒影 Luhuadaoying	178	冬花 Donghua	216	赤道战鼓 Chidaozhangu
141	芳溪秋雨 Fangxiqiuyu	179	蝶翅 Diechi	217	欲醉 Yuzui
142	芙蓉舞蝶 Furongwudie	180	宇宙锋 Yuzhoufeng	218	绿虾爪 Lvxiazhao
143	粉龙爪 Fenlongzhao	181	银鼠 Yinshu	219	雪青荷花 Xueqinghehua
144	皇冠 Huangguan	182	月照红楼 Yuezhaohonglou	220	紫罡银星 Zigangyinxing
145	玉粉莲 Yufenlian	183	红绸舞 Hongchouwu	221	桃李无言 Taoliwuyan
146	菜黄芍药 Caihuangshaoyao	184	梁红玉 Lianghongyu	222	黄浦涛声 Huangputaosheng
147	满天彩霞 Mantiancaixia	185	宝光 Baoguang	223	流水瀑布 Liushuipubu
148	粉荷飘香 Fenhepiaoxiang	186	落霞孤鹜 Luoxiaguwu	224	赤金球 Chijinqiu
149	大白莲 Dabailian	187	粉紫荷 Fenzihe	225	雄狮飞舞 Xiongshifeiwu
150	碧玉含翠 Biyuhancui	188	楚烟湘月 Chuyanxiangyue	226	一品黄 Yipinhuang
151	千手观音 Qianshouguanyin	189	碧波太湖 Bibotaihu	227	紫莲 Zilian
152	翠蝶金卷 Cuidiejinjuan	190	一尘不染 Yichengburan	228	礼花 Lihua

Table 7

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性状Trait	赋值Assigning value
瓣型Petal type	平瓣=1,管瓣=2,匙瓣=3,桂瓣=4,畸瓣=5 Flat petal=1, Tube petal=2, Spoon petal=3, Fragrans petal=4, Deformed petal=5
舌状花色Color of ligulate floret	黄=1,白=2,粉=3,红=4,紫=5,橙=6,绿=7,双色=8 Yellow=1, White=2, Pink=3, Red=4, Purple=5, Orange=6, Green=7, Two colors=8
花抱Flower arrangement	圆抱=1,追抱=2,反抱=3,乱抱=4,露心抱=5,飞舞抱=6,自然抱=7 Round hug=1, Chase hug =2, Reverse hug=3, Random hug=4, Exposed heart hug=5, Flying hug=6, Natural hug=7
叶型Leaf type	正叶=1,深刻正叶=2,长叶=3,深刻长叶=4,圆叶=5,蓬叶=6,葵叶=7,反转叶=8,柄附叶=9 Positive leaf=1, Deep positive leaf=2, Long leaf=3, Deep long leaf=4, Round leaf=5, Fluffy leaf=6, Sunflower leaf=7, Reverse leaf=8, Stem attached leaf=9
花期Florescence	10月20日前花瓣显色=1,10月20日到11月10日花瓣显色=2,11月10日后花瓣显色=3 Petal color development before October 20=1, Petal color development from October 20 to November 10 =2, Petal color development after November 10 =3

组内取样比例 Group sampling ratio	总体取样规模 Overall sampling size (%)	VR (%)	CR (%)	RPR (%)	I
简单比例Simple ratio	5	103.578	74.924	89.344	1.271
	10	101.945	84.530	95.902	1.314
	15	99.331	87.961	98.361	1.291
	20	98.539	89.006	99.180	1.280
对数比例Logarithmic ratio	5	107.394	80.553	93.443	1.293
	10	106.406	88.110	99.180	1.318
	15	104.695	89.804	99.180	1.295
	20	100.796	91.469	100.000	1.280
平方根比例Square root ratio	5	105.258	69.599	91.803	1.278
	10	102.956	79.792	95.902	1.289
	15	99.111	83.227	96.721	1.308
	20	100.422	86.230	99.180	1.283
多样性比例Diversity ratio	5	110.247	78.737	89.344	1.306
	10	105.825	85.433	97.541	1.341
	15	103.392	88.381	97.541	1.291
	20	99.622	90.179	98.361	1.297

总体取样规模 Overall sampling size (%)	取样方式 Sampling method	VR (%)	CR (%)	RPR (%)	I
10	随机 Random	104.327	80.537	94.262	1.281
10	聚类 Cluster	106.406	88.110	99.180	1.318
15	随机 Random	99.917	84.089	95.082	1.278
15	聚类 Cluster	104.695	89.804	99.180	1.295

性状 Trait	原始种质Original collection						核心种质 Core germplasm
性状 Trait	最小值Min	最大值Max	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数CV	多样性指数 I	最小值Min	最大值Max	均值 Mean	标准差SD	变异系数CV	多样性指数 I
植株高度 Plant height (cm)	15.5	104	42.68	11.96	28.0	1.423	18	80.5	42.81	12.08	28.2	1.434
花序直径 Inflorescence diameter (cm)	3.5	62.5	15.84	4.05	25.6	1.363	3.8	62.5	16.30	5.57	34.1	1.370
花序高度 Inflorescence height (cm)	1	34	8.63	3.38	39.1	1.420	1	27	8.76	3.72	42.5	1.456
舌状花瓣数 Number of ligulate florets	22	1339	331.44	155.59	46.9	1.269	22	1339	347.60	176.78	50.9	1.253
外层瓣长 Outer petal length (cm)	0.9	25	8.54	2.42	28.4	1.428	0.9	17.5	8.55	2.50	29.2	1.482
外层瓣宽 Outer petal width (cm)	0.1	6.8	0.68	0.52	76.2	0.894	0.1	6.3	0.64	0.57	87.9	0.880
花心直径 Flower core diameter (cm)	0	8.1	1.44	0.99	68.7	1.392	0	4.9	1.40	0.97	69.5	1.433
管状花瓣数 Number of tubular florets	0	830	125.02	119.21	95.4	1.289	0	565	132.08	129.68	98.2	1.349
叶长 Leaf length (cm)	0.8	25.5	10.59	2.92	27.6	1.356	0.8	25.5	10.67	3.41	32.0	1.338
叶宽 Leaf width (cm)	0.2	14.7	5.61	1.70	30.3	1.358	0.5	12.5	5.65	1.81	32.1	1.334
瓣型 Petal type	1	5	2.14	0.94	43.7	1.239	1	5	2.14	0.91	42.7	1.233
舌状花色 Color of ligulate floret	1	8	3.44	1.87	54.4	1.863	1	8	4.22	2.24	53.0	2.067
花抱 Flower arrangement	1	7	3.73	2.65	71.1	1.412	1	7	4.23	2.63	62.3	1.417
叶型 Leaf type	1	8	2.86	0.95	33.2	0.926	1	8	2.86	1.10	38.4	1.021
花期 Florescence	1	3	2.35	0.49	20.6	0.674	1	3	2.35	0.50	21.1	0.700

性状 Trait	CR (%)	VR (%)	RPR (%)	P_t	P_F
植株高度Plant height (cm)	70.621	100.665	100	0.757	0.867
花序直径Inflorescence diameter (cm)	99.492	133.403	100	0.227	0.036*
花序高度Inflorescence height (cm)	78.788	108.631	100	0.580	0.170
舌状花瓣数Number of ligulate florets	100.000	108.337	100	0.261	0.552
外层瓣长 Outer petal length (cm)	68.880	102.986	100	0.949	0.723
外层瓣宽 Outer petal width (cm)	92.537	115.378	100	0.252	0.619
花心直径 Flower core diameter (cm)	60.494	101.133	100	0.567	0.988
管状花瓣数 Number of tubular florets	68.072	102.965	100	0.434	0.046*
叶长 Leaf length (cm)	100.000	116.065	100	0.508	0.009*
叶宽 Leaf width (cm)	82.759	105.701	100	0.760	0.589
瓣型 Petal type	100.000	97.647	100	0.968	0.177
舌状花色 Color of ligulate floret	100.000	97.558	100	0.000*	0.000*
花抱 Flower arrangement	100.000	87.548	85.71	0.007*	0.181
叶型 Leaf type	100.000	115.595	100	0.932	0.119
花期 Florescence	100.000	102.474	100	0.972	0.517

Construction of Core Collection of Traditional Chrysanthemum morifolium Based on Phenotypic Traits

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组内取样比例 Group sampling ratio	分组 Group	备选核心种质的组内比例Ratio of candidate core collections in group (%)	总体取样规模 Overall sampling size (%)				原始种质 Original germplasm
组内取样比例 Group sampling ratio	分组 Group	备选核心种质的组内比例Ratio of candidate core collections in group (%)	5	10	15	20	组内份数 Number of parts in group	组内比例 Ratio in group (%)
简单比例 Simple ratio	Ⅰ	19.96	22	45	68	90	453	20.14
	Ⅱ	18.69	21	42	63	84	420	18.68
	Ⅲ	9.79	11	22	33	44	218	9.69
	Ⅳ	19.58	22	44	66	88	438	19.48
	Ⅴ	20.77	23	47	70	94	470	20.90
	Ⅵ	5.99	7	13	20	27	133	5.91
	Ⅶ	1.78	2	4	6	8	41	1.82
	Ⅷ	3.43	4	8	11	15	76	3.38
对数比例 Logarithmic ratio	Ⅰ	14.24	16	32	48	64	453	20.14
	Ⅱ	14.24	16	32	48	64	420	18.68
	Ⅲ	12.59	14	28	43	57	218	9.69
	Ⅳ	14.24	16	32	48	64	438	19.48
	Ⅴ	14.30	16	32	48	65	470	20.90
	Ⅵ	11.52	13	26	39	51	133	5.91
	Ⅶ	8.77	10	20	29	39	41	1.82
	Ⅷ	10.09	11	23	34	46	76	3.38
平方根比例 Square root ratio	Ⅰ	17.82	19	40	61	83	453	20.14
	Ⅱ	16.93	18	38	58	79	420	18.68
	Ⅲ	11.22	13	25	38	49	218	9.69
	Ⅳ	17.53	19	39	60	81	438	19.48
	Ⅴ	18.25	19	41	63	86	470	20.90
	Ⅵ	8.24	10	19	27	34	133	5.91
	Ⅶ	4.06	6	9	12	15	41	1.82
	Ⅷ	5.95	8	14	18	23	76	3.38
多样性比例 Diversity ratio	Ⅰ	13.48	15	30	46	61	453	20.14
	Ⅱ	13.11	15	29	44	59	420	18.68
	Ⅲ	14.19	16	32	48	63	218	9.69
	Ⅳ	13.35	15	30	45	60	438	19.48
	Ⅴ	13.35	15	30	45	60	470	20.90
	Ⅵ	14.54	16	33	49	66	133	5.91
	Ⅶ	8.77	10	20	29	39	41	1.82
	Ⅷ	9.20	10	21	31	42	76	3.38

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