长期有机无机配施黑土土壤有机碳对农田基础地力提升的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.23.006

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study is to explore the effects of different long-term fertilizations on soil organic carbon (SOC) and basic soil productivity (BSP) in the northeast area of China. 【Method】Based on the data of the long-term experiments (1989-2011) on black soil in Gongzhulin, Jilin Province, China, the decision support system for an agrotechnology transfer crop growth model (DSSAT ver.4.0) was used to simulate yields by basic soil productivity of spring maize (Zea mays L.) to examine the relationship between BSP and SOC under long-term fertilization. Five treatments were included: (1) no-fertilization (Control), (2) synthetic fertilizer N, P, K (NPK), (3) NPK plus farmyard manure (NPKM), (4) 1.5 times of NPKM (1.5NPKM) and (5) NPK plus straw (NPKS). 【Result】After 20 years of treatments, the yields of BSP of spring maize increased 53.4%, 78.0%, 101.2%, and 69.4% under the NPK, NPKM, 1.5NPKM and NPKS, respectively, but the yield decreased under the CK. Until 2008, the SOC content increased 65.6%, 65.1%, 26.0%, and 21.7% under the 1.5NPKM, NPKM, NPKS and NPK, respectively, compared to the CK. The SOC stock increased 69.9%, 44.2%, 25.2%, and 16.7% compared to the initial value. There were significant positive correlations between SOC content and yields by BSP of spring maize (P＜0.01), and yields by BSP of spring maize increased 220 kg·hm^-2 when the SOC content increased 1 g?kg^-1.【Conclusion】SOC was a major factor affecting BSP in the black soil. The manure or straw combined application with chemical fertilizers significantly enhanced BSP compared to the application of chemical fertilizers alone.

Key words: spring maize, long-term fertilization, basic soil productivity, soil organic carbon, DSSAT model, black soil

ZHA Yan, WU Xue-ping, ZHANG Hui-min, CAI Dian-xiong, ZHU Ping, GAO Hong-jun. Effects of Long-Term Organic and Inorganic Fertilization on Enhancing Soil Organic Carbon and Basic Soil Productivity in Black Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(23): 4649-4659.

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