根际溶氧量对分蘖期水稻生长特性及其氮素代谢的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.18.017

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this paper is to study the effect of rhizosphere oxygen content on rice growth characteristics and nitrogen metabolism, and the suitable concentration of rhizosphere oxygen for the growth and nitrogen metabolism of rice at tillering stage. The results of this experiment will be helpful to know the law of oxygen demand and the role of oxygen on rice growth, and provide the reference and a theoretical basis for modification of cold waterlogged paddy field and further improvement of rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.【Method】The formal experiment was conducted at China National Rice Research Institute in 2013. Two conventional cultivars Zhongjiazao17 and Xiushui134 were grown in hydroponic condition at the space of 15 cm×15 cm with dicyandiamide to keep NH₄⁺:NO₃^-=1:1 in nutrition solution. At ten days after transplanting, the oxygenated devices were installed to control the oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution, and three oxygen treatments were set in this experiment for fifteen days: CK(0.3-2.5 mg·L^-1）, moderate oxygen (MO: 2.3-5.5 mg·L^-1) and high oxygen (HO: 6.5-8.0 mg·L^-1). The portable dissolved oxygen meters（YSI550A, American）was used to examine the oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution【Result】The highest dry matter weight of root, stem and leaf as well as the accumulation of nitrogen were observed in MO treatment, followed by HO treatment and CK in both cultivars. The significant differences between MO treatment and CK were found. The leaf area index, root number, root absorbing area, nitrogen utilization efficiency and tiller numbers of rice in MO treatment were significantly higher than those in HO treatment and CK. The longest root of the two aeration treatments (MO and HO) was markedly higher than CK. The results in this experiment also indicated that Zhonjiazao 17 was more sensitive to oxygen in solution than Xiushui-134, since higher increase in dry matter weight of root, stem and leaf as well as nitrogen accumulation of Zhonjiazao 17 in MO treatment were examined than those of HO treatment compared with CK, whereas there were no significant differences in dry matter weight and nitrogen accumulation of Xiushui 134 between the MO and HO treatments. The variation tendency of the activity of the two key enzymes glutamine synthetase and nitrate reductase in nitrogen metabolism were different between leaves and root, but the difference among the treatments was same in two cultivars. The highest photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency in MO treatment was observed. 【Conclusion】The fast growth potential is established with the significant promotion of the appropriate oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution on tillering number, formation of leaf area, light capture and root growth, whilst the photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency is enhanced. However, the promotion of aeration on rice growth reduced in high oxygen concentration. At same time there are different responses among the varieties. The suitable oxygen concentration for rice growth and nitrogen use efficiency is around 2.3-5.5 mg·L^-1.

Key words: rice, tillering state, rhizosphere oxygen, growth characteristics, nitrogen metabolism

ZHAO Xia, XU Chun-mei, WANG Dan-ying, CHEN Song, TAO Long-xing, ZHANG Xiu-fu. Effect of Rhizosphere Oxygen on the Growth Characteristics of Rice and Its Nitrogen Metabolism at Tillering Stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(18): 3733-3742.

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