干旱胁迫对油菜蕾薹期生理特性及农艺性状的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.18.005

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Against the characteristics of less precipitation which easily lead to drought in the Yangtze River Basin，especially in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the spring in recent years, the effects of water stress on physiological characters and agronomic traits at bud stage of rapeseed were studied, the aims were to reveal the drought resistance mechanism of rapeseed at bud stage, and to provide a theoretical basis for drought-resistant breeding. 【Method】The changes of associated physiological indicators and agronomic traits of rapeseed were studied by drought resistance coefficients of each character using two different drought resistance rapeseed varieties at bud stage (zhongshuang10 with low drought resistance and 94005 with high drought resistance) with drought stress experiment in pot. And filter out some indicators that apply to the local area, which can be used to identify drought resistance at bud stage of rapeseed.【Result】The results showed that the drought resistance coefficients ofnet photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO₂ concentration, leaf relative water content, content of chlorophyll, RuBP carboxylase activity, height per plant, stem diameter, primary branches number and seed yield per plant tended to decrease with the extension of drought stress time, and the decrease range was positively related to the time of drought stress, the decrease range of the drought resistance coefficients of stomata conductance and transpiration rate was positively related to the drought resistant ability of rapeseed, the rest of the indicators were negatively related to the drought resistance coefficients of materials. The drought resistance coefficients ofstomata limitation value and water use efficiency of low drought resistance variety presented an upward to downward and downward trend, respectively, but both of that showed an increase trend in high drought resistance variety. With the lasting of drought stress, the relative values of POD, SOD, CAT activities and soluble sugar content and soluble protein content increased firstly and then decreased, and the increase range of the high drought resistance variety was higher than that of the low drought resistance variety. The relative values of cell membrane permeability, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and proline showed an upward trend with the prolonging of drought stress. The correlation analysis showed that the yield was significantly positively correlated with the drought resistance coefficients of net photosynthetic rate, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content, RuBP carboxylase activity, height per plant, stem diameter and primary branches number, whereas it was significantly negatively correlated with the drought resistance coefficients of cell membrane permeability and MDA content. The principal component analysis divided the yield per plant, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO₂ concentration, stomata limitation value, water use efficiency, relative water content, chlorophyll content, RuBP carboxylase, POD, SOD, CAT, cell membrane permeability, MDA, soluble sugar, height per plant, stem diameter and primary branches number into the first component and stomata conductance, transpiration rate, proline, and soluble protein were divided into the second component. 【Conclusion】After analyzing the relationship at related indicators of bud stage under drought stress and mature stage after rehydration, showed that, to improve the yield of rapeseed under drought stress, it is need to increase net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, relative water content of rapeseed leaf in bud stage and primary branches number.The variation of each indicator in the first component correlated significantly to drought resistance. These indicators can be used as the principal indicators to identify the drought resistance of rapeseed at bud stage when breeding drought-tolerant rapeseed varieties, and the secondary indicators are in the second component.

Key words: rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), bud stage, drought stress, physiological characteristics, agronomic traits

BAI Peng, RAN Chun-yan, XIE Xiao-yu. Influence of Drought Stress on Physiological Characteristics and Agronomic Traits at Bud Stage of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(18): 3566-3576.

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