生物炭对缓解对羟基苯甲酸伤害平邑甜茶幼苗的作用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.05.013

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment was to explore the effects of biochar on photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content , and the activities of protective enzymes (including SOD, POD and CAT) in leaves of Malus Hupehensis Rehd. seedlings under p-hydroxybenzoic acid stress in hydroponics, and to provide basis for prevention and treatment of suppressive cropping problems of apple. 【Method】A common rootstock of apple trees seedlings was used in this study. The seeds were stratified for 30 days under 4℃, after shoot emergence, the seeds were planted in nursery plates. The seedlings of uniform size with 3 leaves were transplanted in 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution in greenhouse until they reached the six-leaf-stage. Three treatments were designed, i.e. 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution (CK); 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution + 0.4 mmol•L-1 p-hydroxybenzoic acid (FS); 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution + 0.4 mmol•L-1 p-hydroxybenzoic acid + 0.5% biochar (FSC). The photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured after 24 h of treatment, and the chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content , and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in leaves of M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were investigated at the 1, 3, and 5 day after treatment. 【Result】 The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) treated with FSC were obviously increased by 32.7% and 25%, respectively compared with p-hydroxybenzoic acid stress. While the internal CO2 concentration (Ci) was reduced; With FSC treatment, the actual PSⅡ efficiency (ΦPSII), electron transport rate (ETR) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) were increased, increased by 15.8%, 16.9% and 11.1%, respectively compared with FS treatment. But the increase of non-photochemical quenching of PSⅡ(NPQ) under FSC treatment was decreased by 17.5% compared with FS treatment. At the same time, the chlorophyll content treated with biochar was significantly increased, after 5 days of treatment, the Chla, Chlb and the Chla+b increased by 66.7%, 37.5%, and 54.1%, respectively. Application of biochar enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzyme in the leaves of M. hupehensis seedlings under p-hydroxybenzoic acid stress. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) significantly increased by 55.5%, 44.7%, and 18.6%, respectively under FSC treatment; Compared with the control, the MDA content was enhanced with the increase of days of treatment, while the MDA content declined with the biochar addition. 【Conclusion】 It is considered that the reduction in the net photosynthetic rate under p-hydroxybenzoic acid stress was mainly caused by non-stomatal restriction. The biochar significantly increased chlorophyll content, maintained PSII center activities and photosynthetic capacity, improved the activities of SOD, POD and CAT, decreased the MDA content. The biochar alleviated the p-hydroxybenzoic acid stress and enhanced the autotoxicity tolerance of M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings.

Key words: Malus hupehensis Rehd. , p-hydroxybenzoic acid , biochar , the net photosynthetic rate , chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

WANG Yan-Fang-1, 2 , SHEN Xiang-1, CHEN Xue-Sen-1, WU Shu-Jing-1, MAO Zhi-Quan-1. Effects of Biochar on Alleviation of the Influence of p-hydroxybenzoic Acid on Physiological Characteristics in Malus Hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(5): 968-976.

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