不同秸秆生物炭对贵州黄壤细菌群落的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.23.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of the experiment was to determine the effects of different straw biochars on bacterial community structures and composition in yellow soil, and to find main environmental factors as the changes in order to provide information for soil amelioration and proper management of straw residue.【Method】Through a laboratory incubation experiment and used a zonal yellow soil of Guizhou province, the influences of corn, rice and rape straw biochar that were pyrolyzed at 500℃ on bacterial communities were investigated by a high-throughput sequencing (Illumina Hiseq). Correlation and factor analysis of the bacterial community structure with environmental factors were followed. The experiment consisted of four treatments: control soil (CK), soil amended with 500℃ corn (BC1), rice (BC2) and rape (BC3) straw biochar. 【Result】The results showed that the gene copy numbers of bacterial 16S rRNA were closely related with soil total nitrogen (TN), pH and total carbon (TC) (r=0.78**, 0.62* and 0.66*, respectively). Biochar addition to soil increased the richness and diversity of dominant bacteria at phylum and class level, which were a strong positive with pH and C/N. The analysis of bacterial community at phylum level showed that Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Chloroflexi were dominant bacteria, occupying 68.5% of all phyla. Factor analysis showed that soil total nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio, pH, available phosphorus (AP) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were main environmental factors on the soil bacterial community structure, total explaining 80.8% of the community changes. The order of contribution rate was soil C/N>pH>AP>TN>CEC.【Conclusion】This study provided clear evidence that community composition and chemical properties of bacterial were changed due to biochar addition to yellow soil. And soil TN, C/N, pH, AP and CEC had a greater contribution than environmental factors on the change of the bacterial community structure, in addition, TN and pH were more efficient on improving soil richness and diversity of bacterial community.

Key words: biochar, Yellow soil, high-throughput sequencing, bacterial community, soil physiochemical characteristics

HOU JianWei,XING CunFang,LU ZhiHong,CHEN Fen,YU Gao. Effects of the Different Crop Straw Biochars on Soil Bacterial Community of Yellow Soil in Guizhou[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(23): 4485-4495.

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References 37

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变量 Variables	生物炭种类Biochar categories			土壤 Soil
变量 Variables	玉米秸秆生物炭 Corn straw biochar	水稻秸秆生物炭 Rice straw biochar	油菜秸秆生物炭 Rape straw biochar	土壤 Soil
pH	8.23	9.59	9.55	4.60
比表面积Surface area (m²·g^-1)	160.2	35.8	0.88	/
总孔容积Total pore volume (mL·g^-1)	0.331	0.068	1.69	/
平均孔径Pore diameter (nm)	2.42	30.1	5.85	/
全碳Total C (g·kg^-1)	534.5	248.6	521.7	5.82
全氮Total N (g·kg^-1)	10.51	8.92	8.53	0.65
有效磷Available P (g·kg^-1)	3.99	4.34	3.75	0.001
有效钾Available K (g·kg^-1)	15.34	16.07	14.32	0.09

变量 Variables	处理Treatment				相关系数 Correlation coefficient
变量 Variables	CK	BC1	BC2	BC3	相关系数 Correlation coefficient
pH	4.60±0.22c	5.68±0.03b	5.67±0.07b	5.81±0.08a	0.62*
全碳Total C (g·kg^-1)	5.82±0.31d	13.58±0.80c	14.04±1.32b	17.49±0.99a	0.66*
全氮Total N (g·kg^-1)	0.65±0.08	0.85±0.06c	0.96±0.02b	1.07±0.01a	0.78**
全磷Total P (g·kg^-1)	0.17±0.02b	0.20±0.01a	0.18±0.01a	0.19±0.01a	0.36
全钾Total K (g·kg^-1)	22.19±1.06c	23.23±0.52b	23.84±0.62b	24.08±1.22a	0.44
碱解氮Available N (mg·kg^-1)	12.32±1.20d	22.55±1.82a	13.63±1.09b	12.58±0.91c	0.58
速效磷Available P (mg·kg^-1)	1.07±0.02d	1.79±0.15a	1.63±0.23b	1.56±0.20c	0.69
有效钾Available K(mg·kg^-1)	90.32±10.11d	336.55±35.37b	320.09±16.34c	417.26±65.08a	0.55

处理 Treatment	OTUs	Reads	丰富度Richness		多样性Diversity
处理 Treatment	OTUs	Reads	Chao 1	ACE	Shannon	Simpson
CK	2621±145c	54267±165a	2122±115d	2311±36c	6.42±0.39c	0.9023±0.002a
BC1	2994±117b	53972±211a	2376±126c	2845±47a	8.31±0.31b	0.9386±0.005a
BC2	2832±195b	54376±139a	2678±72b	2687±105b	8.23±0.11b	0.910±0.001a
BC3	3431±132a	54511±97a	2826±150a	2926±76a	8.68±0.23a	0.908±0.003a

门 Phylum	纲 Class	处理 Treatment
门 Phylum	纲 Class	CK	BC1	BC2	BC3
Cyanobacteria	Oscillatoriophycideae	22.70±3.25b	37.63±6.78a	8.28±0.96c	6.58±1.11d
Actinobacteria	Actinobacteria	25.22±1.92a	8.55±0.87d	11.01±2.01c	18.57±0.97b
Actinobacteria	Thermoleophilia	7.21±1.30c	9.04±1.22d	13.85±0.98b	18.43±2.54a
Firmicutes	Bacilli	1.91±0.32b	1.47±0.22b	3.51±0.11a	2.44±0.09b
Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	4.90±0.13b	4.09±0.06c	9.43±0.33a	9.18±0.25a
Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	0.28±0.03c	0.23±0.06c	1.17±0.10a	0.54±0.03b
Chloroflexi	Ellin6529	4.89±0.11b	8.06±0.47a	1.54±0.22d	4.35±0.05c
	Chloroflexi	3.36±0.18c	7.02±0.44a	1.27±0.08d	4.13±0.33b
	Anaerolineae	5.12±0.31a	2.10±0.09c	1.44±0.24d	3.55±0.11b
	Thermomicrobia	1.27±0.20c	4.25±0.29a	0.99±0.12d	3.07±0.23b

菌群Phylum	pH	C/N	全氮 Total N	有效磷 Available phosphorus	CEC
Actinobacteria	0.458*	-0.159	-0.230	-0.496	0.136
Cyanobacteria	0.592*	0.492*	0.192	-0.376*	0.278
Chloroflexi	0.661**	0.537*	0.303	-0.203	-0.195
Proteobacteria	0.436**	0.622**	0.721**	0.441	0.318
Firmicutes	0.613*	0.486*	0.117	0.369*	-0.255
Gemmatimonadetes	0.695**	0.335	0.316	-0.579	0.194
Crenarchaeota	-0.139	-0.257	0.089	0.572	-0.148
Acidobacteria	0.301	0.378*	0.144	-0.198*	0.247*
Armatimonadetes	0.176	0.426	0.196	-0.236	0.208
Bacteroidetes	-0.314	0.344*	0.372*	0.299	-0.119

Effects of the Different Crop Straw Biochars on Soil Bacterial Community of Yellow Soil in Guizhou

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