Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (17): 3545-3561.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.17.003

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Different Bowl Types and Densities on Grain Yield, Characteristics of Photosynthesis and Dry Mass Production of Bowl Transplanted Japonica Super Rice

 ZHOU  Xing-Tao-12, ZHANG  Hong-Cheng-1, XU  Ke-1, GUO  Bao-Wei-1, CHEN  Hou-Cun-3, CAO  Li-Qiang-1, DAI  Qi-Gen-1, HUO  Zhong-Yang-1, WEI  Hai-Yan-1, LI  Ming-Yin-1, LI  Gui-Yun-3, WU  Zhong-Hua-3   

  1. 1.Collge of Agriculture, Yangzhou University/ Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu
    2.Yangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu
    3.Crop Cultural Station in Haian County, Haian 226600, Jiangsu
  • Received:2013-01-09 Online:2013-09-01 Published:2013-04-08

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Abstract: 【Objective】This experiment seeks to maximize the potential of rice bowl seedling planting specifications and reasonable density profile, explore new ways of labor saving and accomplish super high yielding cultivation of rice.【Method】The experiment was conducted by raising seedling of combinings with 3-bowl, 2-bowl and a single bowl seedling discs and using Wuyunjing 24 and Nanjing 44 as materials. Five different rice transplanting densities were designed, and the new bowl seedling planting production potential and the reasonable density were studied. 【Result】The treatments of 3-bowl together with 15×104 hm-2 holes, 2-bowl together with 18×104 hm-2 holes and a single bowl with 24×104 hm-2 holes accomplished the highest yield level, while the 2-bowl together with 18×104 hm-2 holes yielded most among the three treatments. For the different types of bowl seedlings, dry matter accumulation, its proportion of distribution, crop growth rate from heading to maturity stage and grain yield, a pattern at the initial showed a trend of single bowl＞2-bowl＞3-bowl under the lower basic seedling condition of 36×104 hm-2, 2-bowl＞3-bowl and single bowl under the medium basic seedling condition of 72×104 hm-2, 2-bowl and 3-bowl＞single bowl under the larger basic seedling condition of 90×104 hm-2 to 108×104 hm-2. In the three maximum yield conditions, dry matter accumulation, its proportion of distribution and crop growth rate from heading to maturity stage showed a trend of 2-bowl＞3-bowl＞single bowl. In the same basic seedling conditions, the effective tiller percentage showed a trend of 3-bowl＞2-bowl＞single bowl while the decreasing rate of leaf area showed a trend of single bowl＞2-bowl＞3-bowl. Under the three maximum yield conditions, the effective tiller percentage showed a trend of 2-bowl＞3-bowl＞single bowl while the decreasing rate of leaf area showed a trend of single bowl＞3-bowl＞2-bowl. Under the same basic seedling conditions, with the exception of the basic seedling in a minimum of 36×104 hm-2, dry matter per stem and sheath at heading, waxy, maturing stages and its maximum export and transformation showed a trend of 2-bowl and 3-bowl＞single bowl.【Conclusion】Under the conditions of 2-bowl and 3-bowl seedling discs, the holes for transplanting rice reduced by nearly 1/3 to 1/2, the effective tiller percentage becomes higher while the decreasing rate of leaf area becomes lower than the single bowl transplanting disc, the photosynthesis and dry mass production’s advantage becomes more obvious after heading stage in the appropriate or larger basic seedling conditions. 2-bowl and 3-bowl seedling transplanting discs have a higher yield potential, especially for the 2-bowl transplanting disc.

Key words: super rice , bowl seedling , density

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