Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 1874-1880.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.09.015

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Formation of Canopy Structure, Yield and Fruit Quality of ‘Fuji’ Apple with SH6 Dwarf Interstock from Juvenility to Fruiting Early Stage

 ZHANG  Qiang, WEI  Qin-Ping, LIU  Song-Zhong, WANG  Xiao-Wei, SHANG  Zhi-Hua, LU  Jin-Jin   

  1. Institute of Forestry&Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture&Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093
  • Received:2012-10-12 Online:2013-05-01 Published:2013-02-22

Abstract: 【Objective】 The goal of this study was to survey the developments of canopy structure, yield, and fruit quality in ‘Tall Spindle’ shaped ‘Fuji’ apple with SH6 dwarf interstock from juvenility to fruiting early stage and to provide research data for growers in making proper training and pruning, precocity and productivity in high density apple planting systems. 【Method】 The ‘Fuji’ apple with SH6 dwarf interstock planted in spring 2005 was used to investigate the dynamic changes of tree growth, number and proportion of different branch lengths, yields, and fruit qualities from 2006 to 2011. 【Result】The tree height and trunk circumference were increased rapidly before third year, and the tree height and rate of canopy coverage were 3.05 m and 33.64%, respectively, in fourth year. The total amount of branch was increased along with growth of tree age during the second year to seventh year, and they were 265.4 and 457.4 thousands per hectare in fourth year and sixth year. The amount of good spur and branch in length greater than 30 centimeters were increased and decreased rapidly, separately, in third year and fourth year, the proportion of good spur and branch in length of 30-60 centimeters were balanced more than 30% and less than 10% after foufh year. The yields were 10.8, 22.9 and 39.6 t per hectare, respectively, in fourth, fifth and sixth year. The fruit mass, percentage of fruit surface with red color, and soluble solid content were 299.79 g, 97.56% and 14.60%, respectively, in seventh year. 【Conclusion】The primary factors of low yield that were the total amount of branch and rate of canopy coverage were insufficiency before the fourth growth season. The key technical measures for precocity, high yield and good quality of ‘Fuji’ apple with dwarf rootstock in tall spindle are that the tree height, rate of canopy coverage, total amount of branch, proportion of good spur, and proportion of long branch no less than 30 centimeters are more than 3.0m, 60%, 500-800 thousands per hectare, 30%-35%, and 5%-10% by increasing planting densities and improving pruning at the end of the third year or fourth year.

Key words: SH6 dwarf interstock , ‘Fuji&rsquo, apple , canopy structure , yield , fruit quality

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