生物炭配施黄腐酸对滨海盐碱地土壤理化性质、酶活性和多功能性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.20.011

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to explore the effects of biochar combined with fulvic acid on the improvement of coastal saline-alkali soil and its influence on soil multifunctionality (SMF), providing the theoretical support for the scientific application of biochar and fulvic acid.【Method】Based on a three-year field experimental study, four treatments were set up in the coastal saline-alkali land, including (control (CK), single application of 30 t·hm^-2 biochar (C₁), single application of 0.15 t·hm^-2 fulvic acid (H₁), and combined application of biochar and fulvic acid (C₁H₁). The soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activities in the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm soil layers and rhizosphere soil were determined, and the soil multifunctionality was calculated based on the average value method.【Result】The results showed that the combined application of biochar and fulvic acid could significantly improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Compared with CK, the soil bulk density under C₁H₁ treatment at 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers decreased by 9.2% and 11.2%, respectively; the saturated soil moisture content increased by 11.3% and 9.8%, respectively; the total soil porosity increased by 12.6% and 12.8%, respectively; the soil pH value decreased by 4.4% and 3.9%, respectively; the soil EC value decreased by 19.9% and 22.8%, respectively; the soil SOC increased by 44.6% and 44.7%, respectively; available phosphorus (AP) increased by 48.3% and 44.8%, respectively; the availability of potassium (AK) increased by 45.3% and 43.3%, respectively. The enzyme activity analysis revealed that C₁H₁ had the most significant promoting effect on the carbon-nitrogen cycle-related enzymes (β-glucosidase, cellobiose hydrolase, leucine aminopeptidase), with an increase ranging from 23.4% to 47%. Under the combined treatment of biochar and fulvic acid, the SMF index had the greatest increase, rising by 77.5%. 【Conclusion】The combined application of biochar and fulvic acid significantly enhanced soil multifunctionality by improving the pore structure of coastal saline-alkali land and increasing nutrient availability and enzyme activity.

Key words: biochar, fulvic acid, physical and chemical properties of soil, soil enzyme activity, soil multifunctionality

ZHANG HaiRui, JIA AngYuan, GAO QiQi, HAN ZheQun, NAN ShanShan, DUAN BiHua, WU XuePing. The Effects of Biochar Combined with Fulvic Acid on the Physical and Chemical Properties, Enzyme Activities and Multifunctionality of Soil in Coastal Saline-Alkali Land[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4178-4188.

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References 49

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	原料 Raw material	pH	C (%)	N (%)	比表面积 Specific surface area (m²·g^-1)	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	水溶性 Water solubility (%)	氨基酸 Amino acid (%)
生物炭 Biochar	花生壳 Peanut shell	8.33	52.41	2.31	16.72	0.22	—	—
黄腐酸Fulvic acid	秸秆 Straw	7.00	—	—	—	—	99	5

土层 Soil layer (cm)	速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg^-1)	有机碳 Soil organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	pH	电导率 Electric conductivity (µS·cm^-1)	土壤容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	砂粒 Sand (%)	粉粒 Silt (%)	黏粒 Clay (%)
0-20	90.10	7.81	8.93	1716	1.55	16.97	61.30	21.73
20-40	89.36	7.69	8.86	1714	1.54	15.33	71.73	18.93

处理 Treatment	BG (mmol·g^-1·h^-1)	CBH (mmol·g^-1·h^-1)	NAG (mmol·g^-1·h^-1)	LAP (mmol·g^-1·h^-1)	ACP (mmol·g^-1·h^-1)
CK	1.95±0.03b	1.02±0.06d	0.43±0.04c	82.6±4.72b	5.47±0.25c
C₁	2.76±0.2a	1.5±0.12b	0.59±0.05b	101.96±6.94a	6.15±0.31bc
H₁	2±0.16b	1.22±0.12c	0.45±0.03c	84.13±4.71b	6.45±0.33b
C₁H₁	3.09±0.25a	1.75±0.04a	0.89±0.08a	107.18±5.79a	9.82±0.73a

The Effects of Biochar Combined with Fulvic Acid on the Physical and Chemical Properties, Enzyme Activities and Multifunctionality of Soil in Coastal Saline-Alkali Land

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