多效唑对杨梅土壤微生物及内生群落结构的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.17.016

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Paclobutrazol is commonly used to catalyze flower bud differentiation in bayberry, however, excessive application will weaken the vigor of the trees with curled and shrank leaves. The study focused on the influence of paclobutrazol overuse on the enzyme activities of the bulk and root surface soil as well as plant and soil microbial community structure of bayberry, which would provide the theoretical guidance for the rational use of paclobutrazol. 【Method】 The grafted seedlings of one-year-old bayberry cv. ‘Dongkui’ were planted in the acid red soil and treated with 150, 300 and 600 mg∙kg ^-1 paclobutrazol, and the control was treated with the same volume of water. The accumulation of paclobutrazol was measured in the bulk and root surface soil, as well as roots, twigs and leaves of bayberry. The influence of paclobutrazol on bayberry associated microbe was determined by examining the soil enzyme activities and the microbial community structure of bulk and root surface soil, roots, twigs and leaves by using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 【Result】 The results showed that the most accumulation of paclobutrazol was in leaves, while the activities of catalase and phosphatase were significantly decreased, but the activities of invertase were significantly increased. The high concentration application of paclobutrazol significantly decreased diversity and richness of bacteria and increased the diversity and richness of fungi in bulk soil, which significantly increased the diversity and richness of bacteria and increased the diversity and richness fungi in surface root soil, while the diversity and richness of both root bacteria and branches fungi were significantly decreased. After the application of paclobutrazol, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi and important biocontrol bacteria Bacilli in bayberry root, root bulk and root surface soil were significantly reduced, and those of Burkholderia in root bulk soil and twigs were increased in the bacterial community composition; the relative abundance of Ascomycota in root bulk soils and root surface soils, those of Exobasidiomycetes in twigs and leaves were significantly increased, and those of Basidiomycota and Agaricomycetes in root bulk soil, root surface soil and roots, and Penicillium in twigs and leaves were significantly decreased in the analysis of fungal community composition. 【Conclusion】 The most residue was found in leaves of bayberry plant after soil application of paclobutrazol. The overuse of paclobutrazol caused a significant change in the activities of catalase, phosphatase and sucrase treated soils, as well as the richness and diversity of bacteria and fungi in the bulk and root surface soil, roots, branches and leaves of the bayberry trees. Overall, the results of this study not only gave an understanding on the influence of paclobutrazol on bayberry and orchard soil ecosystem, but also provided a theoretical basis for the rational application of paclobutrazol.

Key words: bayberry, paclobutrazol, soil enzyme activity, microbial community

REN HaiYing,ZHOU HuiMin,QI XingJiang,ZHENG XiLiang,YU ZhePing,ZHANG ShuWen,WANG ZhenShuo. Effects of Paclobutrazol on Soil and Endophytic Microbial Community Structure of Bayberry[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(17): 3752-3765.

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样品 Sample	处理 Treatment	残留量 Residues (mg∙kg^-1)	样品 Sample	处理 Treatment	残留量 Residues (mg∙kg^-1)
土壤 Soil	P0	0c	枝条 Twig	P0	0c
	P150	0.39±0.11c		P150	0.01±0.00c
	P300	0.48±0.14c		P300	2.59±1.59b
	P600	0.93±0.47c		P600	3.97±0.57b
根 Root	P0	0c	叶 Leaf	P0	0c
	P150	0.17±0.07c		P150	0.39±0.33c
	P300	0.60±0.15c		P300	3.17±2.31b
	P600	0.93±0.21c		P600	7.83±2.65a

处理 Treatment	过氧化氢酶 Catalase (mL·g^-1)	磷酸酶 Phosphatase (mg·g^-1·d^-1)	蔗糖酶 Sucrase (mg·g^-1·d^-1)	纤维素酶 Cellulase (mg·g^-1)
P0	0.90±0.08ab	7.53±0.19a	0.87±0.09b	0.41±0.04b
P150	1.11±0.07a	6.16±0.23a	1.57±0.09a	0.26±0.03c
P300	0.82±0.08b	1.74±0.74b	1.41±0.11a	0.52±0.02a
P600	0.77±0.05b	2.78±0.75b	1.39±0.24a	0.21±0.03c

样品 Sample	细菌Bacteria		真菌Fungi
样品 Sample	Chao1	Shannon	Chao1	Shannon
SF0	901.79	7.44	232.11	3.68
SFP	918.46	8.28*	99.90^#	1.02^#
BS0	986.33	7.86	23.10	0.21
BSP	784.70^#	7.25	200.39*	3.95*
R0	904.40	5.94	80.70	2.22
RP	615.38^#	3.66^#	63.03^#	2.62*
T0	14.40	0.50	205.29	4.00
TP	7.80^#	0.68*	93.47^#	1.74^#
L0	5.00	0.30	151.61	3.03
LP	5.00	0.39*	179.78*	3.00

Effects of Paclobutrazol on Soil and Endophytic Microbial Community Structure of Bayberry

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