解磷细菌活化水稻土中低品位磷矿粉的效果与机制

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.06.007

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The biological utilization of phosphorus (P) in low grade phosphate rock powder (PRP) is of great significance. The study explore the effect and mechanism of activating low-grade PRP by phosphate-solubilizing bacterial (PSB) which can provide basis for improving the fertilization effect of PRP on red soil paddy soil. 【Method】 PRP with different particle sizes (0.18, 0.10 and 0.05 mm) was added to the red paddy soil collected in Hunan Province. Three treatments were set up: inoculated with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (P1), Acinetobacter pittii (P2) and no inoculation with PBS (P0) as control. Bottles were cultured in a dark incubator at 25 ℃ for 60 days, during which different forms of P and pH were dynamically monitored. On the 60th day, the activity of organic acid, acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP, ALP) and alkaline phosphatase gene (phoD) were determined to study the activation effect and mechanism of PSB on PRP with different particle sizes. 【Result】 Both strains of PSB could activate insoluble P, but the activation effect was not significantly different. During the whole culture period, the average available P content of three particle sizes of PRP inoculated with PSB was 13.4-14.7 mg·kg^-1, which was higher than that of P0 treatment and increased by 31.1%-53.1%; The average content of available P increased by 53.1% and 47.5% after inoculation with P1 and P2 bacteria (P<0.05), respectively. The average content of Resin-Pi and NaHCO₃-Pi were 13.9-16.6 mg·kg^-1 and 14.9-16.5 mg·kg^-1, respectively, which were higher than those without inoculation, and increased by 36.4%-78.5% and 13.7%-25.0%, respectively; the increase of average content of Resin-Pi in 0.18 mm PRP was the most obvious, which was 78.5% and 49.5%, respectively (P<0.05). Compared with P0 treatment, the increase of active P in 0.18 mm PRP treatment was the most obvious, ranging from 28.4% to 46.7%, and the decrease of stable P was 2.1%-8.0%. Compared with the P0 treatment, inoculation of PSB significantly reduced pH value by 0.18-0.35 units (P<0.05) and increased acetic acid and propionic acid content by 5.2%-13.7% and 45.9%-127.5% (P<0.05), respectively. ALP content and phoD abundance under P1 treatment increased by 6.5%-13.4% and 24.0%-98.6% (P<0.05), respectively, and ACP in P2 treatment increased by 12.8%-17.2% (P<0.05), which indicated that P1 mainly secreted ALP, while P2 mainly secreted ACP. The results of correlation analysis showed that the two PSB strains dissolved insoluble Conc.HCl-Po, Conc.HCl-Pi and NaOH-Pi by secreting acetic acid and propionic acid, dissolved insoluble Conc.HCl-Po by secreting ACP and ALP, and converted into these insoluble P to Resin-Pi and NaHCO₃-Pi which promoted the turnover of P pool. The structural equation model showed that the addition of small particle size PRP and the inoculation of PSB could directly increase the soil available P content, but the inoculation of PSB had a greater effect on available P. 【Conclusion】 Inoculation of phosphate- solubilizing bacterial can promote the activation of insoluble phosphorus in phosphate rock powder with the biggest increasement of available phosphorus for particle size of 0.05 mm, and biggest increasement of active phosphorus proportion for particle size of 0.18 mm. The two phosphate-solubilizing bacteria A. calcoaceticus and A. pittii mainly secreted organic acids and phosphatases, such as acetic acid and propionic acid, activated insoluble phosphorus, increased active phosphorus content, and improved the application effect of phosphate rock powder in red paddy soil.

Key words: red soil, paddy soil, phosphate rock powder, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, phosphorus fraction

SONG YaRong, CHANG DanNa, ZHOU GuoPeng, GAO SongJuan, DUAN TingYu, CAO WeiDong. Effect and Mechanism of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacterial on Activating of Low-Grade Phosphate Rock Powder in Red Paddy Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(6): 1102-1116.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

Changes of phosphorus pool content during cultivation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria inoculated"

培养时间 Incubation time	磷矿粉 Phosphate rock	解磷细菌 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria	活性磷Labile-P（mg·kg^-1）			中等活性磷Mod.labile-P（mg·kg^-1）			稳定性磷Non.labile-P（mg·kg^-1）
培养时间 Incubation time	磷矿粉 Phosphate rock	解磷细菌 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria	树脂磷 Resin-Pi	碳酸氢钠提取无机磷 NaHCO₃-Pi	碳酸氢钠提取有机磷 NaHCO₃-Po	氢氧化钠提取无机磷 NaOH-Pi	氢氧化钠提取有机磷 NaOH-Po	稀盐酸提取无机磷 Dil.HCl-Pi	浓盐酸提取无机磷 Conc.HCl-Pi	浓盐酸提取有机磷 Conc.HCl-Po	残渣态磷 Residual-P
1天 1 d	L1	P0	5.9±0.6c	12.4±1.1c	15.1±1.3bc	50.4±1.5b	69.2±2.8d	334.0±11.5c	334.8±5.1b	100.5±17.6ab	148.3±10.7a
		P1	11.3±0.5a	15.4±1.3ab	18.1±1.5abc	54.6±2.1a	73.0±2.5bcd	404.0±4.2ab	362.0±1.3ab	88.0±11.9ab	136.4±2.6ab
		P2	8.6±0.8b	12.9±1.1c	21.1±0.8a	54.3±1.4ab	84.4±3.5a	366.4±15.2bc	342.0±18.2ab	92.4±16.8ab	136.6±10.3ab
	L2	P0	6.7±0.3c	12.3±0.6c	15.4±0.7bc	51.7±1.0ab	71.5±1.9cd	424.7±14.8a	349.0±11.0ab	108.6±5.2a	126.9±10.5ab
		P1	11.5±0.8a	17.1±0.3a	14.9±1.9c	52.1±2.0ab	77.0±0.7abcd	420.5±20.4a	334.5±32.4b	75.8±9.5b	131.5±3.0ab
		P2	11.3±0.9a	14.1±1.0bc	18.4±0.4ab	52.8±1.6ab	81.0±7.0ab	436.5±17.9a	371.5±0.5a	87.1±5.4ab	118.6±5.2b
	L3	P0	6.5±0.2c	13.5±0.5bc	15.5±1.1bc	51.6±1.7ab	75.0±0.3bcd	412.0±6.2a	355.0±8.5ab	94.5±8.7ab	120.6±18.8ab
		P1	11.4±0.5a	16.7±1.0a	16.5±0.3bc	53.2±2.6ab	76.9±1.5abcd	431.4±11.5a	345.5±14.5ab	79.6±5.9b	126.9±8.8ab
		P2	10.2±0.1ab	13.7±0.4bc	18.3±1.1ab	53.0±0.7ab	79.8±4.4abc	420.2±20.5a	357.7±3.3ab	83.5±13.7ab	139.0±18.1ab
30天 30 d	L1	P0	8.0±0.3d	12.8±1.1cd	14.7±0.7ab	52.2±0.6ab	56.8±4.7b	302.5±18.2bf	353.2±10.8ab	86.8±2.7a	141.6±15.8a
		P1	18.0±0.7a	14.3±0.4cd	16.7±0.2a	52.8±0.6ab	65.0±1.9ab	326.3±16.0ef	343.0±3.0b	84.2±10.6a	121.5±6.6a
		P2	15.5±0.2b	14.7±0.7c	15.9±0.9ab	54.1±1.6a	68.6±0.1a	349.6±7.3de	339.0±0.9b	78.1±4.2a	128.6±6.7a
	L2	P0	12.5±0.3c	12.0±0.8d	12.7±1.0b	47.8±2.4c	56.4±3.1b	390.6±3.9bc	363.0±10.0ab	94.6±5.2a	123.2±10.8a
		P1	18.4±1.3a	17.6±0.6a	15.8±2.0ab	49.2±0.9bc	61.8±3.3ab	355.6±5.2cde	332.5±8.3b	77.6±3.3a	131.0±17.4a
		P2	18.1±0.9a	17.4±0.3bc	15.5±1.1a	52.2±0.5abc	67.0±0.9ab	403.8±30.3bcd	345.8±7.8b	73.1±13.3a	137.9±9.8a
	L3	P0	13.1±0.8c	13.2±0.3cd	16.0±0.7a	47.4±1.0c	59.4±5.7ab	437.3±7.8a	377.0±4.1a	97.3±6.0a	126.7±8.8a
		P1	18.1±1.0a	15.1±0.8ab	17.9±1.2ab	50.4±0.9ab	64.2±2.1a	377.0±20.7ab	349.3±0.9ab	87.5±4.8a	134.3±10.6a
		P2	17.6±0.6a	15.1±0.4bc	17.9±0.9a	51.0±1.2abc	62.7±2.8ab	390.7±8.9bc	339.5±12.1b	78.1±1.9a	118.8±4.8a
60天 60 d	L1	P0	14.1±0.2f	14.1±0.9c	10.8±1.4c	49.0±0.5c	63.0±2.6b	270.2±5.9c	360.8±1.9abc	84.5±3.9abc	147.7±2.1ab
		P1	20.6±0.8a	17.3±0.3ab	18.9±0.4a	50.7±1.2c	64.2±2.2b	289.3±4.5c	332.0±10.0cd	58.8±2.6d	154.3±4.6a
		P2	17.7±0.3cd	17.1±0.5ab	15.2±1.9a	51.8±0.8ab	67.4±2.8ab	251.9±19.3c	323.0±14.7d	74.9±4.8cd	150.2±9.0bcd
	L2	P0	14.7±0.4ef	15.2±0.4bc	14.7±0.2b	55.1±1.3ab	64.3±3.0b	393.2±8.8ab	346.5±4.3abcd	107.2±14.3a	138.1±8.6abc
		P1	18.4±0.6bc	14.0±0.6c	19.0±1.1a	57.7±1.2a	68.6±3.8ab	435.0±12.8a	347.0±4.4abcd	92.5±6.9ab	113.0±7.3cd
		P2	19.8±0.3ab	13.9±1.0c	18.6±0.8a	58.3±0.8a	68.0±4.6ab	405.9±6.7ab	330.0±10.9cd	66.0±11.9cd	120.1±9.9bcd
	L3	P0	15.9±0.3de	12.9±1.1c	14.0±1.1bc	52.0±2.2bc	60.9±4.3b	428.5±6.7ab	371.0±5.0a	86.1±4.3abc	98.8±2.0d
		P1	20.1±1.1ab	17.7±1.4a	15.3±1.2b	49.7±0.7c	64.2±2.2b	423.1±4.7ab	364.0±1.3ab	79.6±8.5bcd	103.7±12.7d
		P2	20.6±0.5a	17.7±1.5ab	16.7±1.9ab	48.2±2.4c	73.8±4.0a	411.7±8.4ab	337.0±18.7bcd	62.1±9.3cd	116.5±5.9cd

Table 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

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Effect and Mechanism of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacterial on Activating of Low-Grade Phosphate Rock Powder in Red Paddy Soil

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