猕猴桃属植物通用型SSR分子标记引物的筛选及应用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.17.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Based on the whole genome data of kiwifruit, a batch of SSR primers with high polymorphism and strong universality were developed and screened to lay a foundation for genetic diversity analysis and variety identification of kiwifruit germplasm resources. 【Method】 Based on the whole genome sequence of Hongyang kiwifruit, 435 pairs of SSR primers were designed and synthesized, and the allelic variation was detected by fluorescence labeled capillary electrophoresis. Firstly, five kiwifruit germplasm resources with large genetic differences were used to screen the effectiveness of primers. Secondly, 16 kiwifruit germplasm resources from 9 species or hybrid combinations were selected for primer re-screening. Finally, 225 germplasm resources belonging to 51 types of Actinidia in the National Actinidia Germplasm Repository were analyzed by core primers.【Result】 From 435 pairs of primers, 216 pairs of valid primers were initially screened, and 67 pairs of primers distributed on 29 chromosomes were identified as the final core primers after re-screening. Using 67 SSR markers, a total of 842 observed alleles (Na) were detected with 6-18 alleles (mean = 12.57) per locus; the effective number of allele (Ne) ranged from 3.27 (A-Geo-149) to 13.84 (A-Geo-407) with an average of 8.18; the observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.60 (A-Geo-073) to 0.93 (A-Geo-158) with an average of 0.77; the expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0.72 (A-Geo-149) to 0.92 (A-Geo-101 and A-Geo-158) with an average of 0.85; the polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.67 (A-Geo-149) to 0.92 (A-Geo-158) with an average of 0.84; the Shannon diversity index (I) range was 1.47 (A-Geo-149) to 2.73 (A-Geo-101) with an average of 2.22. The above results indicated that the polymorphism of primers was very high, so it is suitable for the analysis of genetic relationship and genetic diversity of kiwifruit germplasm resources. The clustering results of 225 germplasm resources could clearly reveal the genetic relationship of Actinidia.【Conclusion】 The selected SSR primers were stable, reliable, polymorphic and universal, which could be used as core primers for germplasm resources identification, fingerprint construction, core germplasm mining and genetic diversity analysis of Actinidia.

Key words: kiwifruit, SSR, primers, genome, genetic diversity

HU GuangMing,ZHANG Qiong,HAN Fei,LI DaWei,LI ZuoZhou,WANG Zhi,ZHAO TingTing,TIAN Hua,LIU XiaoLi,ZHONG CaiHong. Screening and Application of Universal SSR Molecular Marker Primers in Actinidia[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(17): 3411-3425.

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URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.17.012

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2022/V55/I17/3411

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Table 2

Germplasm materials used for phylogenetic analysis of Actinidia"

物种或杂交后代 Species or hybrid offspring	数量 Number	代号 Code	物种或杂交后代 Species or hybrid offspring	数量 Number	代号 Code
软枣猕猴桃	21	A. arguta var. arguta 1-21	毛叶硬齿猕猴桃	2	A. callosa var. strigillosa 1-2
毛花猕猴桃	20	A. eriantha 1-20	葡萄叶猕猴桃	2	A. vitifolia 1-2
中华猕猴桃	20	A. chinensis var. chinensis 1-20	桃花猕猴桃	2	A. persicina 1-2
美味猕猴桃	15	A. chinensis var. deliciosa 1-15	小叶猕猴桃	2	A. lanceolata 1-2
大籽猕猴桃	13	A. macrosperma var. macrosperma 1-13	条叶猕猴桃	1	A. fortunati 1
狗枣猕猴桃	12	A. kolomikta 1-12	金花猕猴桃	1	A. chrysantha 1
京梨猕猴桃	11	A. callosa var. henryi 1-11	大花猕猴桃	1	A. grandiflora 1
长叶猕猴桃	10	A. hemsleyana 1-10	革叶猕猴桃	1	A. rubricaulis var. coriacea 1
对萼猕猴桃	7	A. valvata 1-7	湖北猕猴桃	1	A. hubeiensis 1
黑蕊猕猴桃	7	A. melanandra var. melanandra 1-7	花楸猕猴桃	1	A. sorbifolia 1
红茎猕猴桃	6	A. rubricaulis var. rubricaulis 1-6	滑叶猕猴桃	1	A. laevissima 1
山梨×中华	6	A. rufa×A. chinensis 1-6	漓江猕猴桃	1	A. lijiangensis 1
黄毛猕猴桃	5	A. fulvicoma var. fulvicoma 1-5	卵圆叶猕猴桃	1	A. indochinensis var. ovatifolia 1
临桂猕猴桃	5	A. linguiensis 1-5	梅叶猕猴桃	1	A. macrosperma var. mumoides 1
异色猕猴桃	5	A. callosa var. discolor 1-5	美味×(中华×毛花)	1	A. deliciosa×(chinensis×eriantha) 1
毛花×中华	4	A. eriantha×A.chinensis 1-4	融水猕猴桃	1	A. rongshuiensis 1
蒙自猕猴桃	4	A. henryi 1-4	肉叶猕猴桃	1	A. carnosifolia 1
粉毛猕猴桃	4	A. farinosa 1-4	网脉猕猴桃	1	A. cylindrica var. reticulata 1
簇花猕猴桃	3	A. fasciculoides var. fasciculoides 1-3	显脉猕猴桃	1	A. venosa 1
白背叶猕猴桃	3	A. hypoleuca 1-3	浙江猕猴桃	1	A. zhejiangensis 1
山梨猕猴桃	3	A. rufa 1-3	长果猕猴桃	1	A. longicarpa 1
陕西猕猴桃	3	A. arguta var. giraldii 1-3	长绒猕猴桃	1	A. latifolia var. mollis 1
硬齿猕猴桃	3	A. callosa var. callosa 1-3	中华×(毛花×中华)	1	A. chinensis×(eriantha×chinensis) 1
安息香猕猴桃	2	A. styracifolia 1-2	中华×美味	1	A. chinensis×A. deliciosa 1
葛枣猕猴桃	2	A. polygama 1-2	中越猕猴桃	1	A. indochinensis var. indochinensis 1
阔叶猕猴桃	2	A. latifolia var. latifolia 1-2

Table 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 3

Basic information of 67 pairs of SSR core primers and genetic diversity in 16 accessions"

位点 Locus	染色体位置 Chromosome	重复基序 Repeat sequence	正向引物序列 Forward primer sequence	反向引物序列 Reverse primer sequence	退火温度 F/R annealing temperature (℃)	产物大小 Fragment size (bp)	等位基因数 Na	有效等位基因数 Ne	观测杂合度 Ho	期望杂合度 He	多态信息含量 PIC	Shannon’s 信息指数 I
A-Geo011	1	AC	CCACTTTATGAGGGGAAACACAAG	CCATTAAAGTCACTGTCCCAAAGG	63.00/63.00	122-162	11	6.44	0.79	0.87	0.85	2.19
A-Geo013	1	TC	CTTTCCTCTCGTTCTTCGTATGGA	GTGGTTCTTGGTTTCAAGATTTGG	63.01/63.01	109-157	14	7.76	0.77	0.83	0.82	2.19
A-Geo014	1	TC	TGGTTAGTGCCTTCTTGTGTTGAA	TAATTTGGGGGCTTGAATGTATTG	63.06/63.01	130-186	17	13.12	0.77	0.90	0.90	2.59
A-Geo018	10	CT	GCCTTTAGAAGAAAAAGGCGGATA	AAGATAAAGAAAAGGCGTGGAAGC	63.01/63.12	144-178	14	9.45	0.9	0.91	0.90	2.51
A-Geo029	10	TCTATA	ACCGGTTGATTGTCTCTTCCATTA	TTTTTACTTCGAGAGCAGGGTTTG	63.01/62.93	150-192	11	7.13	0.69	0.83	0.82	2.07
A-Geo038	11	TG	CCGATACCTCCAATTAGTGCAAAC	AAGAATGGGCAGAGAACTCAAGTG	62.94/63.12	141-185	12	8.52	0.76	0.81	0.80	2.07
A-Geo042	11	AG	CACTTTTCATCCAAGTTTGTGCAG	TAAACGCTTTTTCGAGAACTCAGG	63.06/63.04	133-173	15	7.53	0.83	0.87	0.86	2.38
A-Geo049	12	AG	CAGAGGTTCTGCTATTCTTGCCAT	TGTTAGGCTTCTTCCACTTCCTTG	63.04/63.02	128-176	17	9.80	0.83	0.90	0.89	2.53
A-Geo054	12	TC	AAAAACCTCACCTCAAACATCATCA	ATCTTCACCAGGACAAAGCTCAAC	63.02/63.03	113-167	18	11.98	0.86	0.91	0.91	2.65
A-Geo068	13	TC	CCACTCAAATTTTGGAAACCATTC	AATTGGAGGGATCAGATTATGCAA	62.80/62.90	107-129	7	4.84	0.65	0.81	0.78	1.78
A-Geo073	13	AGA	AACTAGCTGGGATGCAAGGGTT	GAGGGATATTACAAGCTTGACCAGG	63.33/63.30	109-127	8	4.40	0.60	0.80	0.77	1.81
A-Geo083	14	TC	CCGTCTCCTTCCTTACAAAACCTT	CGCACCTGTACAATGACAAAAGAC	62.99/62.97	116-148	10	6.39	0.66	0.75	0.73	1.78
A-Geo096	15	TGTA	AAATGCTTATACATTGGGTGGTGG	ATCTCACCACTTCTTCGATACCCA	63.03/63.22	130-162	12	5.73	0.7	0.76	0.73	1.88
A-Geo101	15	GA	ACTAGAGACCAATGACCGACCAAC	CCAACAACCAATAAAGCAACCAAT	62.81/63.13	119-163	18	12.63	0.83	0.92	0.91	2.73
A-Geo117	16	GGA	ATAGCCCAAAAGGACAGGTGTGTA	CATCCTAAAGTGTTCCAAACCCAC	63.03/62.91	106-166	9	6.32	0.74	0.85	0.83	2.06
A-Geo120	16	AAATCC	TTGAAAAATACAAACCATCCCACC	GTTCTCACTCCTCTTGGACCGAT	63.01/63.10	141-183	11	6.84	0.74	0.82	0.8	2.03
A-Geo131	17	TC	TGCTACGGATCAGTACCTTGATGA	CGAAGAAAGGCAGCTTAAATTCAGT	63.05/63.23	133-169	9	5.50	0.76	0.81	0.78	1.87
A-Geo141	18	GA	TTTTGTGCATTCTTACTCTGCATCA	TAAACACCATGATCAACGCCTATG	63.08/63.06	160-188	12	9.18	0.79	0.86	0.85	2.27
A-Geo142	18	CT	TCCAAAACCACCTACACAACTCCT	GATGAATAGGCGACAGCAAATACC	63.12/63.05	127-159	16	12.49	0.82	0.91	0.90	2.60
A-Geo148	18	GAT	TGAGTCAAATGGGGAAATCTCCTA	AGTACGATGATTGTGTGCACGAGT	63.08/63.10	114-162	15	6.96	0.78	0.87	0.86	2.39
A-Geo149	18	TGTT	ATTGGTGCTTCGAATTTTTGTTGT	TTCAAAAACTTCTGCCGAGAAAAC	62.95/62.93	125-145	6	3.27	0.61	0.72	0.67	1.47
A-Geo154	19	GA	ATTCAAACCCAAATAAAACACCCC	TCCTCGAGTATCTCGCTGCC	63.08/62.91	131-163	11	8.17	0.65	0.86	0.85	2.17
A-Geo156	19	AG	AAAATGAGCACCCAACTGAATCAT	GTCAACACCAGATCTGAGGTCCTT	63.03/63.01	110-164	13	8.00	0.78	0.85	0.84	2.24
位点 Locus	染色体位置 Chromosome	重复基序 Repeat sequence	正向引物序列 Forward primer sequence	反向引物序列 Reverse primer sequence	退火温度 F/R annealing temperature (℃)	产物大小 Fragment size (bp)	等位基因数 Na	有效等位基因数 Ne	观测杂合度 Ho	期望杂合度 He	多态信息含量 PIC	Shannon’s 信息指数 I
A-Geo158	19	GA	GGCTCTACACAGCTTGATCTCCAT	AAATCAAAAGCATGGAAACCTTCA	63.15/63.02	134-166	16	12.25	0.93	0.92	0.92	2.66
A-Geo167	2	TC	TCTGCAGAGACTGATCCAACAAAC	TTCGCTACAAGAGTGCTCAAAGTG	62.94/63.08	90-112	12	6.06	0.80	0.82	0.80	2.10
A-Geo188	20	GA	CCACTCAACACCAAATTACAACCA	GCTGGTCTTGCTTGTCTTTCTCTC	63.04/63.04	137-181	15	10.8	0.80	0.89	0.88	2.45
A-Geo194	20	TGTA	CAGGGAAGAACAGGTTGTTTATGG	CGGCATAAGAATTTGAGATGAAGC	63.00/63.24	139-187	13	9.66	0.78	0.87	0.86	2.32
A-Geo198	21	TC	GGCTGTGAAAATGGTTTCGATAAG	GAATGTTTAGCCTGCAACTGTGTG	63.03/63.09	129-167	17	11.45	0.74	0.90	0.89	2.55
A-Geo210	21	CACCTC	ATGAACGGGGTAATCTAGCACTCA	TCATGAGATTTCCGATCTACCAAAA	63.13/63.01	151-175	6	4.17	0.62	0.80	0.77	1.71
A-Geo218	22	CT	AACTCCATTTCGTGTGTGCTTGTA	GAAATAAGCCCTGAGGTCCTGAAT	62.97/62.99	155-181	11	8.34	0.70	0.85	0.83	2.15
A-Geo219	22	TC	TGTTAAGGCCTTGCATTAGTCACA	CACTAGAGAAGGAGGTGAACCCAA	62.97/62.99	129-179	12	6.16	0.73	0.82	0.80	2.06
A-Geo227	23	AG	CATAGCCTCTTAGCAACCACAGGT	CCTCTCTTTGCTCCAACTCAACTC	62.95/62.91	160-190	12	8.98	0.85	0.87	0.86	2.29
A-Geo229	23	CT	CTTTGATCGTCTCAGACCCACTTT	ATTCAGGTGTGAAAAATTGAGGGA	63.01/63.00	146-200	17	11.05	0.80	0.86	0.85	2.40
A-Geo238	23	GAT	CACTTGTGCTCACAACTTGGTAGG	TGAAGGGTTCTAAAAGCATGGAAA	63.18/63.11	120-168	12	7.91	0.72	0.80	0.78	2.03
A-Geo249	24	AG	GACTCTTTGCAAACAACAAGCTCA	GGATTCAAAAGAGGTGTCAGTCTCA	62.97/63.01	154-182	13	9.18	0.85	0.89	0.88	2.38
A-Geo257	25	GA	GTTGTCAGCGAAAACAATCACATC	ATCACCAAACCGAAAACGATTCTA	62.97/62.92	111-147	15	9.03	0.81	0.88	0.86	2.37
A-Geo266	25	TC	CTCCAGTGGGTTTCTCCTATCTGA	GCACTAACATCAACACGAACCTTG	62.98/62.97	124-156	12	7.88	0.77	0.86	0.84	2.21
A-Geo275	26	GA	GGAATTAAAGGGATTGGATGAAGG	TTACACTTCTTAACTTGGCGCCTC	62.96/62.96	105-131	11	7.23	0.73	0.86	0.84	2.17
A-Geo290	27	GA	AACTTACCTGATTACCCACAGCCA	ACCATGAATCTTCCCCCTGTATTT	63.03/62.97	92-134	13	8.65	0.78	0.83	0.82	2.19
A-Geo293	27	TC	GCTCTCAGGTTATTCACTAGCCCA	ATGGGTTTCTGGGATAAGCATTTT	63.04/63.00	146-170	12	7.69	0.81	0.86	0.85	2.20
A-Geo302	28	TC	ATCGCGATCTCTGCTAATTCAAAG	CTCAACATCGAGACCTTCTCACAA	63.05/62.92	113-161	15	10.12	0.81	0.9	0.89	2.51
A-Geo303	28	GA	TACCAATGAGCGCATAGTTCTCAA	TCCCTCAATCACAAGCCTAGTAGC	63.07/63.04	152-176	10	6.73	0.78	0.83	0.82	2.05
A-Geo305	28	CT	TAATCGTCATCTTCTCTTCCTCCG	CTCTCTCCTCTTGTTTGAAGTGGC	63.00/62.91	128-160	11	7.35	0.77	0.82	0.81	2.08
A-Geo307	28	GA	TTCACGGTGTTAAAGGGTCTTCAT	CAAAAACCCCTAGACTCAGCTTCA	63.02/63.02	96-122	13	8.69	0.89	0.87	0.85	2.23
A-Geo311	28	AC	TGTTTTCTCCGAAATCAAACGAAT	TTTTGCTTCCAAGTTCAAGAAAGG	63.02/62.92	131-159	12	5.83	0.63	0.80	0.77	1.95
A-Geo316	29	AG	CAAATTGCACCCAAGTACAATCAA	ATGTGGTCCTGAAAATGTCCAACT	63.06/63.01	120-138	9	6.82	0.86	0.86	0.84	2.09
位点 Locus	染色体位置 Chromosome	重复基序 Repeat sequence	正向引物序列 Forward primer sequence	反向引物序列 Reverse primer sequence	退火温度 F/R annealing temperature (℃)	产物大小 Fragment size (bp)	等位基因数 Na	有效等位基因数 Ne	观测杂合度 Ho	期望杂合度 He	多态信息含量 PIC	Shannon’s 信息指数 I
A-Geo323	29	GT	GAAATTCACAAAACTCATTTCGGC	GCCTACCACACATCACCACAATAA	63.03/63.07	121-147	9	4.16	0.72	0.8	0.77	1.85
A-Geo335	3	AG	GTAAAGATTTTGGCATTGCTGACC	GACCAAAAGAGTCATCCTGACGTT	63.05/62.91	119-157	16	9.85	0.86	0.91	0.90	2.60
A-Geo341	3	AG	AATCATGGAAGGGGCTAGAGAATC	CAATCAAGTGCTTGTGTAGTTGGG	62.98/62.96	146-178	14	9.13	0.8	0.89	0.88	2.44
A-Geo344	3	GTGA	CGAGAATGATGGAGAGAAGAGAGC	CGGAGTATCACAGAGCCCTAGAAA	63.00/63.02	117-169	15	10.12	0.77	0.86	0.85	2.36
A-Geo350	4	AG	AGATAGGGCATACCGTCTTCTTCC	ACACAATAAGCCCTAACTCCCCTC	63.00/62.90	132-170	14	7.02	0.71	0.85	0.83	2.22
A-Geo361	5	AG	CGCTCATTTTCTTGGGTTAATGAC	AAAGTGGTGGGAGTCCAATTTGT	63.03/63.00	137-171	10	7.18	0.67	0.81	0.79	1.98
A-Geo362	5	GA	TATATCCCCTCCGTATACCAACCC	GGAGGCTATTATGTTGGCTAGGCT	63.08/63.03	82-118	12	9.45	0.74	0.88	0.87	2.32
A-Geo365	5	CT	TCATCAACGAAACAAAAGCCCTAT	GTTAGGTTTTTGCACAAAGCAGAGA	63.03/62.97	119-147	12	8.68	0.87	0.85	0.84	2.22
A-Geo369	5	CT	GAAGACACCATGGATCAGATACCC	GTAACATCCACAAGTTGGGAAAGC	62.99/63.04	153-179	11	6.25	0.75	0.84	0.82	2.09
A-Geo377	6	AG	ATCGAAGCCATTACATAGCCGTTA	AAGATGATTGCGAGGAGAGAAATG	62.96/63.01	150-176	13	8.22	0.81	0.88	0.87	2.33
A-Geo388	6	CAG	TTGCATATTAGTGTCGATGCTCGT	TTCTCAATGCAGTAGAAGCCACAG	62.99/62.96	105-129	9	6.31	0.79	0.85	0.84	2.05
A-Geo393	7	GA	TCCTGTAATTAGTGGGACCCTTCA	CCAAAGATTCTTCAGTTCACGCTT	62.99/63.03	139-183	18	10.78	0.82	0.88	0.87	2.51
A-Geo397	7	CT	AATGGGTCCCACAACTGTTTTCTA	GATGATCCTCCATAGGGATCTGTG	62.91/63.08	152-186	16	11.04	0.79	0.91	0.90	2.59
A-Geo401	7	TG	CTCATCTTCCTCACCCTCCTCATA	TTACACATCACCCACAATTGAACC	62.97/62.93	98-134	13	7.95	0.79	0.87	0.86	2.29
A-Geo403	7	TGA	AAGCGTGACAAACGGATCTCTAAC	GAAAGGTCAACACCTGGCTGTAGT	62.95/62.94	160-178	8	4.97	0.64	0.82	0.79	1.87
A-Geo407	8	TC	ACCCAACAGAAAGAACACCATCAT	TCAATCTGCAAATTTCTGGGTTTT	63.01/63.02	88-132	17	13.84	0.82	0.88	0.88	2.54
A-Geo415	8	GA	ATAATCAGGGAAAACGGATCGAAT	AGCAACAATTGGACAAGAAATGGT	62.99/63.04	151-179	13	7.64	0.76	0.88	0.87	2.37
A-Geo417	8	TCA	CTTCTTGGCAATGTACTCATGTGG	TTCATGGAAAAAGCTCAAAGAAGG	62.95/62.91	124-160	11	8.03	0.81	0.89	0.88	2.31
A-Geo418	8	CAT	TCGGGTGATGTTTTCTCCACTATT	AGATCAATTTCTCGACGATTCAGC	63.01/63.03	159-177	10	5.02	0.82	0.79	0.77	1.89
A-Geo426	9	AG	TTTCTTTTTGAACAGATTCATCCCA	ATTTGAGGTGAAGGATTGCACATT	63.00/63.03	80-112	14	10.29	0.89	0.91	0.90	2.52
A-Geo427	9	AC	CTTATTCCTCCCTTCGCTTTGAAT	CACGTAGATCCGTCAACCTTAACC	62.99/63.03	148-174	12	7.50	0.77	0.85	0.83	2.18
平均 Average							12.57	8.18	0.77	0.85	0.84	2.22

Table 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

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序号 Order	种质名称或代号 Name or code	物种或杂交后代 Species or hybrid offspring
1	磨山雄2号 Moshan NO.2♂	中华猕猴桃 A. chinensis var. chinensis
2	红阳 Hongyang	中华猕猴桃 A. chinensis var. chinensis
3	金农 Jinnong	中华猕猴桃 A. chinensis var. chinensis
4	东红 Donghong	中华猕猴桃 A. chinensis var. chinensis
5	桂海4号 Guihai NO.4	中华猕猴桃 A. chinensis var. chinensis
6	金怡 Jinyi	中华猕猴桃 A. chinensis var. chinensis
7	徐香 Xuxiang	美味猕猴桃 A. chinensis var. deliciosa
8	山梨RE63104 Shanli RE63104	山梨猕猴桃 A. rufa
9	毛花6113 Maohua 6113	毛花猕猴桃 A. eriantha
10	中科猕枣雄1号 Mizao NO.1♂	软枣猕猴桃 A. arguta
11	大籽6215 Dazi 6215	大籽猕猴桃 A. macrosperma var. macrosperma
12	异色8511 Yise 8511	异色猕猴桃 A. callosa var. discolor
13	满天红2号 Mantianhong NO.2	毛花猕猴桃×中华猕猴桃A. eriantha×A. chinensis
14	B35-43	山梨猕猴桃×中华猕猴桃 A. rufa×A. chinensis
15	B36-411	山梨猕猴桃×中华猕猴桃 A. rufa×A. chinensis
16	B35-71	山梨猕猴桃×中华猕猴桃 A. rufa×A. chinensis

Screening and Application of Universal SSR Molecular Marker Primers in Actinidia

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