中国食用豆产业和种业发展现状与未来展望

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.03.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Food legumes play an important role in food composition, human health, and soil improvement in China, especially as the main source of protein in poverty-stricken area. With the deciphering of the genome of food legumes, the molecular genetic basis and molecular breeding of food legumes have been promoted. Since the establishment of China Agricultural Research System (CARS) in 2008, a number of cultivation techniques suitable for different regions were integrated, and many food legumes varieties with High yield, high quality, diseases and insects resistance, resistance to stresses and suitable for mechanized harvesting were bred, the research and application of green pest prevention and control technology produced a marked effect, the research on production machinery and technology had achieved initial effects, and the improvement of post-production processing technology and product innovation research promoted the quality and efficiency of the food legumes industry. With the demonstration and popularization of new food legume varieties and new technologies, the total yield and yield per unit area of food legumes increased significantly. In particular, the production of faba bean and pea were transformed from dry grain production to fresh vegetable production in the past 10 years. The planting area increased 21.1%, the yield per unit area increased 3.9%, and the total yield increased 36.8%. With the continuous expansion of the food legume industry scale, more food legumes are listed as geographical indication of China's agricultural products, and a number of agricultural enterprise brands are being forming. With the stimulation of the food legume industry, the number of variety rights protection and transfers is gradually increasing, and the food legume industry is emerging. With the improvement of people’s health awareness, domestic and foreign market demand is raising rapidly, the implementation of the rural vitalization strategy, the advancement of agricultural supply-side structural reform, and the development of the featured and advantageous industries in poor areas have brought new opportunities to the food legumes production and seed industry. However, the food legumes seed industry still has some problems, such as high production cost, low production efficiency, scientific research platform construction is still need to be strengthened, lack of elite varieties, and insufficient awareness of variety rights. On the basis of summarizing the present situation and problems of food legumes production and seed industry in China, this paper discusses the future development direction of food legumes production and seed industry.

Key words: food legumes, production, seed industry, status, future prospective

CHEN HongLin, TIAN Jing, ZHU ZhenDong, ZHANG YaoWen, CHEN QiaoMin, ZHOU SuMei, WANG LiXia, LIU YuJiao, HE YuHua, YIN FengXiang, WEI ShuHong, CHENG XuZhen. Current Status and Future Prospective of Food Legumes Production and Seed Industry in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(3): 493-503.

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年份 Year	干籽粒面积 Area of dry pulses (×10⁴ hm²)	干籽粒总产量 Total production of dry pulses (×10⁴ t)	干籽粒单产 Dry pulses yield per unit area (kg·hm^-2)	鲜食面积 Area of fresh-eating legumes (×10⁴ hm²)	鲜食总产量 Total production of fresh-eating legumes (×10⁴ t)	鲜食单产 Fresh-eating legumes yield per unit area (kg·hm^-2)
2009	300.0	405	1350.0	129.8	1040.1	8013.2
2010	280.0	400	1428.6	135.9	1081.4	7957.2
2011	346.7	497	1433.5	140.5	1120.6	7975.9
2012	333.3	450	1350.1	140.4	1139.1	8113.1
2013	333.3	500	1500.2	140.4	1149.0	8183.9
2014	346.7	560	1615.3	143.9	1161.0	8067.8
2015	337.0	530	1572.7	158.3	1274.9	8053.8
2016	337.0	530	1572.7	165.3	1342.5	8121.6
2017	344.0	548	1593.0	170.4	1385.8	8132.7
2018	345.2	550	1594.2	175.4	1427.4	8138.3

Current Status and Future Prospective of Food Legumes Production and Seed Industry in China

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