陆地棉种子萌发期对低温胁迫的响应及耐冷性鉴定

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.01.002

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】In this study, the purpose was to study the response of cotton seeds to chilling stress, and to identify the chilling tolerance of different test varieties during the germination period in Gossypium hirsutum. We were also committed to analyzing the cold-tolerance characteristics of tolerant and sensitive varieties at the physiological levels, and to provide a reference for further research on the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance during the germination period. 【Method】Fifty-three upland cotton varieties were used to determine the imbibition rate and relative imbibition rate under chilling stress. In addition, we also measured the cold tolerance indexes such as germination index, vigor index, mean germination time, average germination speed, germination potential, germination rate, seed germination coefficient, radicle fresh weigh, radicle dry weight, embryo fresh weight, embryo dry weight, productive efficiency and material growth rate under chilling stress. We used correlation analysis, principal component analysis, membership function analysis and cluster analysis to comprehensively evaluate the 15 morphological indexes in the imbibition and germination stage. We also measured the changes in antioxidant enzyme activities, osmotic adjustment substance concentration and the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes between different cold-tolerant varieties under chilling stress. 【Result】Under chilling stress, the relative water absorption and water absorption rate of cotton seeds showed a downward trend, and the cold tolerance indexes of 53 cotton varieties showed significant differences. There was a strong correlation between imbibition rate and relative imbibition rate during the imbibition stage, and their correlations with other germination indicators were not significant or negatively correlated. In addition, the correlation analysis also found that indicators such as radicle fresh or dry weigh, vigor index, average germination speed and mean germination time could better reflect the cold tolerance of different varieties. Principal component analysis showed that three principal components could be obtained through simplification, with contribution rates of 55.17%, 18.27% and 8.79%, respectively. The results of membership function and clustering analysis showed that the 53 varieties could be divided into four categories according to comprehensive evaluation value: high tolerant (5 varieties), tolerant (13 varieties), null-tolerant (26 varieties) and sensitive (9 varieties), of which Xinluzhong4 and Zhong103026 are the most resistant and sensitive variety to cold stress, respectively. After chilling treatment, the activity of SOD, POD and CAT in the seeds of Xinluzhong4 could be restored to the level close to or exceeding the control in a short time, the soluble protein concentration in Xinluzhong4 was significantly higher than that in Zhong103026. Gene expression analysis showed that the expression of GhPrx53 and GhCSD1 tended to be consistent with the changes of POD and SOD enzyme activity, respectively. 【Conclusion】The identification indexes of cold tolerance in upland cotton at the germination stage are diversified. The radicle fresh weight, radicle dry weight and vigor index can be used as positive indicators for cold tolerance, while the mean germination time and average germination speed can be used as negative indicator for cold tolerance during the germination period. Soluble protein concentration and the enzyme activities of POD, SOD and CAT can be used as physiological indicators for cold tolerance identification during cotton germination.

Key words: Gossypium hirsutum L., germinating stage, chilling tolerance, comprehensive evaluation, physiological characteristics

ZHANG LongYan,CHENG GongMin,WEI HengLing,WANG HanTao,LU JianHua,MA ZhiYing,YU ShuXun. Chilling Tolerance Identification and Response to Cold Stress of Gossypium hirsutum Varieties (Lines) During Germination Stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(1): 19-33.

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Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Value of each comprehensive index (CI), index weight, μ(X), and comprehensive evaluation value (D value)"

品种（系） Variety (line)	CI₁	CI₂	CI₃	μ(X₁)	μ(X₂)	μ(X₃)	D值 D value	综合排名 Comprehensive ranking	综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation
中040712 Zhong040712	0.645	-1.917	0.663	0.538	0.174	0.616	0.465	29	Ⅲ
中061832 Zhong061832	-1.544	-2.223	0.636	0.366	0.134	0.611	0.340	43	Ⅲ
中071239 Zhong071239	-1.015	-2.422	1.587	0.407	0.108	0.795	0.382	39	Ⅲ
PB12-1-10	3.693	-1.882	1.264	0.777	0.178	0.733	0.639	6	Ⅱ
PB12-1-7	3.174	-0.289	-0.699	0.736	0.386	0.351	0.617	7	Ⅱ
PB12-1-8	0.366	0.328	-0.442	0.516	0.466	0.401	0.493	23	Ⅲ
中1476 Zhong1476	1.993	-2.235	-1.035	0.644	0.132	0.286	0.492	24	Ⅲ
中152201 Zhong152201	-3.498	0.583	-0.271	0.212	0.499	0.435	0.300	46	Ⅳ
SQ152201	-2.271	-0.341	-0.690	0.309	0.379	0.353	0.329	44	Ⅲ
中152214 Zhong152214	1.316	-1.567	-0.148	0.591	0.219	0.458	0.494	22	Ⅲ
中6426 Zhong6426	2.328	-2.238	0.120	0.670	0.132	0.510	0.533	16	Ⅱ
N82	0.130	-3.250	-1.337	0.497	0.000	0.228	0.358	41	Ⅲ
朝阳棉1号 Chaoyangmian11	0.478	-0.190	-1.151	0.525	0.399	0.264	0.469	27	Ⅲ
邯2490 Han2490	-1.115	0.500	-0.958	0.400	0.488	0.301	0.409	36	Ⅲ
邯559 Han559	1.504	-1.850	-1.276	0.605	0.182	0.239	0.472	26	Ⅲ
黑山棉1号 Heishanmian1	1.541	2.037	-0.892	0.608	0.689	0.314	0.595	9	Ⅱ
续表3 Continued table 3
品种（系） Variety (line)	CI₁	CI₂	CI₃	μ(X₁)	μ(X₂)	μ(X₃)	D值 D value	综合排名 Comprehensive ranking	综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation
晋棉5号 Jinmian5	2.201	-0.306	-2.273	0.660	0.384	0.046	0.533	17	Ⅱ
陕70 Shaan70	-5.035	0.800	1.251	0.092	0.528	0.730	0.257	50	Ⅳ
石早1号 Shizao1	-2.019	-0.925	0.937	0.329	0.303	0.669	0.359	40	Ⅲ
夏25 Xia25	0.182	-0.366	-0.353	0.501	0.376	0.419	0.465	30	Ⅲ
中棉所14 Zhongmiansuo14	6.010	1.108	0.047	0.959	0.568	0.496	0.823	2	Ⅰ
中棉所37 Zhongmiansuo37	1.295	-1.462	1.378	0.589	0.233	0.755	0.527	18	Ⅱ
中棉所64 Zhongmiansuo64	1.365	-3.114	0.603	0.594	0.018	0.604	0.467	28	Ⅲ
中103026 Zhong103026	-6.204	-0.195	1.237	0.000	0.398	0.727	0.166	53	Ⅳ
中103030 Zhong103030	2.081	0.266	-1.258	0.651	0.458	0.243	0.564	11	Ⅱ
中103032 Zhong103032	-1.058	0.600	0.737	0.404	0.502	0.630	0.450	32	Ⅲ
中109056 Zhong109056	-5.323	-0.425	0.689	0.069	0.368	0.621	0.195	51	Ⅳ
中298 Zhong298	1.025	0.677	0.302	0.568	0.511	0.546	0.553	13	Ⅱ
春北保 Chunbeibao	-0.751	-0.668	1.300	0.428	0.336	0.740	0.441	33	Ⅲ
邯7860 Han7860	-2.864	-1.177	1.216	0.262	0.270	0.723	0.313	45	Ⅳ
辽棉23号 Liaomian23	-0.588	0.001	-0.217	0.441	0.423	0.445	0.438	34	Ⅲ
中679 Zhong679	0.252	-0.264	2.641	0.507	0.389	1.000	0.533	15	Ⅱ
垦0074 Ken0074	-0.384	0.028	1.968	0.457	0.427	0.869	0.494	21	Ⅲ
川01 Chuan01	-5.080	0.769	-2.509	0.088	0.524	0.000	0.176	52	Ⅳ
T扩 T kuo	-4.419	0.930	-0.135	0.140	0.544	0.461	0.264	49	Ⅳ
新陆中60号 Xinluzhong60	-2.208	2.584	-1.660	0.314	0.760	0.165	0.397	37	Ⅲ
新陆早32号 Xinluzao32	2.866	-0.463	-0.770	0.712	0.363	0.338	0.595	10	Ⅱ
新陆早38号 Xinluzao38	-2.692	1.622	-1.599	0.276	0.635	0.177	0.345	42	Ⅲ
新陆早40号 Xinluzao40	1.938	-1.438	-0.998	0.639	0.236	0.293	0.513	19	Ⅲ
新陆中4号 Xinluzhong4	6.532	3.814	0.495	1.000	0.920	0.583	0.938	1	Ⅰ
新陆中6号 Xinluzhong6	2.158	3.161	2.115	0.657	0.835	0.898	0.722	5	Ⅰ
新陆中9号 Xinluzhong9	3.166	4.427	0.561	0.736	1.000	0.596	0.780	4	Ⅰ
新陆中14号 Xinluzhong14	-1.512	1.615	-0.224	0.368	0.634	0.444	0.435	35	Ⅲ
新陆中15号 Xinluzhong15	-2.626	1.562	0.754	0.281	0.627	0.634	0.395	38	Ⅲ
新陆中19号 Xinluzhong19	0.089	1.371	-0.547	0.494	0.602	0.381	0.506	20	Ⅲ
新陆中20号 Xinluzhong20	1.085	1.736	1.165	0.572	0.649	0.714	0.605	8	Ⅱ
新陆中28号 Xinluzhong28	-3.514	0.256	-1.047	0.211	0.457	0.284	0.274	48	Ⅳ
新陆中32号 Xinluzhong32	5.675	0.913	0.987	0.933	0.542	0.679	0.819	3	Ⅰ
新陆中34号 Xinluzhong34	-4.543	2.111	-0.090	0.130	0.698	0.470	0.293	47	Ⅳ
惠和36 Huihe36	1.807	0.056	-0.577	0.629	0.431	0.375	0.558	12	Ⅱ
新陆早60号 Xinluzao60	2.227	-0.500	-1.185	0.662	0.358	0.257	0.551	14	Ⅱ
惠远717 Huiyuan717	0.263	-0.795	0.867	0.508	0.320	0.656	0.482	25	Ⅲ
锦棉2号 Jinmian2	0.877	-1.352	-1.179	0.556	0.247	0.258	0.456	31	Ⅲ
权重Weight	6.532	4.427	2.641

Table 3

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

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指标 Indices	极小值 Minimum	极大值 Maximum	均值 Average	标准差 Standard deviation	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	变异系数 Coefficient variation
吸胀速率IR(%)	0.070	0.619	0.279	0.147	0.480	-0.859	0.527
相对吸胀速率RIR	0.244	1.003	0.588	0.147	0.044	0.246	0.250
芽鲜重RFW (g)	0.310	4.060	2.061	0.791	-0.005	0.555	0.384
胚鲜重EFW (g)	13.110	24.173	16.308	2.121	1.526	3.721	0.130
芽干重RDW (g)	0.094	0.646	0.367	0.108	-0.167	0.950	0.294
胚干重EDW (g)	5.890	11.927	7.904	1.117	1.548	3.766	0.141
物质增长率MGR	0.007	0.239	0.109	0.058	0.218	-0.823	0.533
物质效率PE	0.038	0.345	0.185	0.063	0.021	0.491	0.339
平均发芽速度AGS	5.102	10.552	7.465	1.413	0.495	-0.580	0.189
发芽指数GI	2.342	19.985	13.201	4.014	-0.834	0.430	0.304
活力指数VI	0.860	78.310	29.845	16.441	0.542	1.176	0.551
平均发芽时间MGT (d)	4.989	10.180	7.169	1.277	0.486	-0.380	0.178
发芽势GP(%)	0.003	0.823	0.146	0.181	1.951	3.851	1.235
发芽率GR(%)	0.033	0.997	0.585	0.308	-0.337	-1.267	0.525
萌发指数SGC	0.068	1.721	0.851	0.430	-0.044	-0.843	0.505

项目Items	指标 Indices	CI₁	CI₂	CI₃
特征向量 Eigenvector	VI	0.335	0.053	0.060
	SGC	0.333	-0.129	-0.042
	AGS	-0.333	0.141	0.011
	GI	0.331	-0.141	-0.016
	MGT	-0.330	0.132	0.014
	GR	0.321	-0.151	-0.024
	RFW	0.315	0.107	0.079
	RDW	0.284	0.186	0.086
	MGR	0.258	-0.150	-0.031
	GP	0.238	-0.066	-0.020
	EDW	0.117	0.516	0.171
	EFW	0.132	0.490	0.109
	IR	-0.077	-0.365	0.481
	RIR	-0.054	-0.298	0.632
	PE	-0.028	-0.315	-0.553
特征根Eigenvalue		2.877	1.656	1.148
贡献率Contribution (%)		55.169	18.274	8.786
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution (%)		55.169	73.443	82.229

Chilling Tolerance Identification and Response to Cold Stress of Gossypium hirsutum Varieties (Lines) During Germination Stage

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