有机肥对羊草草原土壤细菌群落多样性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.13.010

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to provide a practical and scientific basis for improvement, restoration and reasonable use of degraded grassland, the effects of different organic fertilizers on soil nutrient status and soil bacterial diversity were revealed in the natural Leymus chinensis steppe degraded grassland in Hulunbeier. 【Method】 The field experiments were designed by single factor randomized block design, and the seven treatments were as follows: the control (ck), vermicompost 15 t·hm^-2(a1), 30 t·hm^-2(a2), 45 t·hm^-2(a3), mushroom residues 15 t·hm^-2(b1), 30 t·hm^-2(b2), 45 t·hm^-2(b3). Combined with the physical and chemical properties of soil, this study used the high-throughput sequencing technology of Miseq to analyze the effects of different organic fertilizer treatments on the diversity of soil bacterial communities, and to explore the environmental drivers of bacterial community changes under different organic fertilizer treatments. 【Result】 The results showed that organic fertilization improved the soil nutrient status and shaped the distinct bacterial communities. Compared with ck, the AP content increased significantly by 37.27% under a3 treatment. AK content under b3 and a3 treatments increased significantly by 62.99% and 40.53% compared with the control, respectively. And aboveground biomass was significantly higher than other treatments under b3 treatment (244.11 g·m^-2). Moreover, vermincompost and mushroom residues fertilizers significantly increased the richness of the bacterial community. Compared with ck, the richness index increased significantly under a1 and b2 treatments. At the phylum level, a total of 31 taxa were obtained from 21 samples. Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Chloroflexi were the dominant groups, and relative abundances account for the bacterial community 85% or more. Actinomycetes were the most abundant under a2 treatment (36.79%). Proteobacteria was higher under b1 and b3 treatments (23.29% and 22.32%, resptectively). Acidobacteria was the highest under a1 treatment (20.69%). And LEfSe showed that more bacterial taxonomic groups were detected under b3 treatment (17 clades, 1 class, 1 order, 4 families and 11 genera). In addition, AN (P=0.001), AK (P=0.005), and SOM (P=0.006) had extremely significant effects on the composition of bacterial communities in the soil (P<0.01), while TK (P=0.014) had not. The composition of soil bacterial community had a significant effect (P<0.05). It showed that AN, AK, SOM and TK were the main driving factors of bacterial community. 【Conclusion】 Organic fertilizer changed the soil bacterial community structure in Leymus chinensis steppe. Our results indicated vermicompost and mushroom residues at 45 t·hm^-2 increased available nutrient content, but also enhanced the biodiversity of soil bacterial communities in the grasslands of Leymus chinensis, which contributed to the sustainable development of grassland agro-ecosystems.

Key words: organic fertilizer, soil nutrient, soil bacterial community, Leymus chinensis steppe

SHANG LiRong,WAN LiQiang,LI XiangLin. Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Soil Bacterial Community Diversity in Leymus chinensis Steppe[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(13): 2614-2624.

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处理 Treatment	pH	全氮 TN (g·kg^-1)	全磷 TP (g·kg^-1)	全钾 TK (g·kg^-1)	有效氮 AN (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷 AP (mg·kg^-1)	有效钾 AK (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 SOM (g·kg^-1)	生物量 DM (g·m^-2)
ck	6.28±0.10b	2.51±0.25a	0.66±0.12a	31.85±0.61a	172.84±10.24a	7.43±0.94b	179.42±31.01c	55.48±0.90a	172.8±10.68c
a1	6.31±0.02b	2.52±0.30a	0.68±0.10a	32.64±1.44a	175.90±11.67a	8.89±1.39b	209.19±55.79bc	52.15±6.19a	198.38±14.94bc
a2	6.51±0.11b	2.26±0.12a	0.69±0.21a	31.96±0.84a	167.76±3.12a	8.34±1.29b	195.03±32.10bc	50.32±5.18a	180.91±2.90bc
a3	7.02±0.54a	2.47±0.08a	0.73±0.20a	33.12±0.71a	184.54±15.22a	10.20±0.15a	252.14±4.68ab	55.40±5.49a	214.27±5.26bc
b1	6.21±0.08b	2.56±0.28a	0.74±0.26a	32.18±0.51a	183.70±3.66a	9.06±1.87b	250.67±12.13ab	55.75±1.76a	191.49±1.99ab
b2	6.14±0.12b	2.10±0.07a	0.58±0.04a	31.84±0.56a	169.34±6.80a	8.18±0.48b	220.20±23.32bc	48.31±5.60a	219.78±10.73ab
b3	6.17±0.20b	2.40±0.26a	0.55±0.01a	32.59±0.88a	187.96±5.60a	8.84±0.31b	292.44±20.67a	55.78±4.43a	244.11±13.59a

处理 Treatment	序列数 Reads	操作分类单元 Observed OTU	香农指数 Shannon index	Ace指数 Ace index	覆盖度 Coverage
ck	35708	2272.67±52.80b	6.43±0.06a	2703.45±53.03b	0.9849±0.0002a
a1	35708	2411.00±15.80ab	6.53±0.01a	2894.58±19.41a	0.9837±0.0002a
a2	35708	2396.00±39.38ab	6.47±0.03a	2848.59±58.42ab	0.9841±0.0009a
a3	35708	2301.67±18.31ab	6.39±0.02a	2755.35±23.34ab	0.9843±0.0003a
b1	35708	2303.67±72.76ab	6.38±0.07a	2791.93±88.16ab	0.9838±0.0009a
b2	35708	2436.00±1.70a	6.51±0.02a	2898.92±18.63a	0.9838±0.0004a
b3	35708	2372.00±54.95ab	6.45±0.06a	2839.53±76.17ab	0.9839±0.0011a

环境因子Environmental factor	r	P
全氮TN	0.1248	0.315
全磷TP	0.2754	0.050
全钾TK	0.4301	0.017
有效氮AN	0.6618	0.001
有效磷AP	0.2268	0.108
有效钾AK	0.5749	0.004
有机质SOM	0.5893	0.004

Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Soil Bacterial Community Diversity in Leymus chinensis Steppe

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