不同根系分泌物对土壤N2O排放及同位素特征值的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.09.013

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the main plant root exudates (organic acids, amino acids, sugars) on N₂O emission and its microbial processes, so as to provide a support for selecting suitable plants to control soil N₂O emissions. 【Method】Three main components of root exudates, including oxalic acid, serine and glucose, were added in the soil, and two levels of concentration were set for each component: low concentration (150 μg C·d ^-1) and high concentration (300 μg C·d ^-1). There were totally 7 treatments with a control treatment treated with distilled water, and all treatments were incubated in 120 mL glass bottles in incubator. The gas samples were sampled 7 times within 24 hours after 2-hour incubation each time. After sampling, the N₂O emission rate, daily cumulative emission and isotope signatures (δ ¹⁵N ^bulk, δ ¹⁸O and SP (intramolecular ¹⁵N site preference, δ ¹⁵N ^α-δ ¹⁵N ^β)) were measured, then the optimal sampling time was determined according to their daily variation rules. 【Result】The N₂O emission rate of soils increased gradually after adding three components of root exudates, which were higher than the control treatment. The cumulative emission of N₂O in the high concentration treatment was: Glucose treatments ((3.2±1.3) mg·kg ^-1·d ^-1)>Serine treatments ((2.6±0.5) mg·kg ^-1·d ^-1)>Oxalic acid treatments((1.4±0.2) mg·kg ^-1·d ^-1), low concentration treatment: Oxalic acid ((2.7±1.3) mg·kg ^-1·d ^-1)>Serine ((1.8±0.4) mg·kg ^-1·d ^-1)>Glucose ((1.6±0.8) mg·kg ^-1·d ^-1); the values of δ ¹⁸O of N₂O were not different among different root exudate treatments and were stable at 24.1‰-25.6‰, but significantly higher than the control treatment ((20.1±1.5) ‰); the δ ¹⁵N ^bulk value of N₂O was related to the component of root exudates added, which was (-20.06±2.22) ‰ of oxalic acid treatment, (-22.33±1.10) ‰ of serine treatment, (-13.86±1.11) ‰ treated of glucose treatment, and (-23.14±3.72) ‰ of the control treatment. The SP value of N₂O of each treatment ranged from 13.13‰ to 15.03‰, and the higher the root exudate concentration, the lower the SP value; after a comprehensive analysis of the correction coefficients of four indexes (N₂O emission rate, the value of δ ¹⁵N ^bulk, δ ¹⁸O and SP) at each sampling time and their daily mean values of 7 treatments, the correction coefficients of all treatments were closest to 1 at the 16th hour after the addition of root exudates. 【Conclusion】In the soil environment with NH+ 4- 300 mg N·kg ^-1, the root exudates promoted N₂O emission and the N₂O emission rate increased gradually during the culture time (24 hours). The promotion effect of glucose in high concentration group was the strongest, while that of oxalic acid in low concentration group was the strongest. Compared with the control treatment, the addition of root exudates significantly increased the δ ¹⁸O value of N₂O; the addition of glucose significantly increased the δ ¹⁵N ^bulk value of N₂O. The higher the concentration of root exudates, the stronger the contribution of denitrification to N₂O was detected.

Key words: root exudates, nitrification, denitrification, N₂O, isotopic signature

Shan ZHUANG,Wei LIN,JunJun DING,Qian ZHENG,XinYue KOU,QiaoZhen LI,YuZhong LI. Effects of Different Root Exudates on Soil N₂O Emissions and Isotopic Signature[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(9): 1860-1873.

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References 69

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处理 Treatment		N₂O累计排放量 (mg·kg^-1·d^-1)	δ¹⁸O (‰)	δ¹⁵N^bulk(‰)	SP (‰)
草酸 Oxalic acid	CL	2.68±1.34ab	24.16±1.55a	-19.82±7.41abc	17.03±0.40a
草酸 Oxalic acid	CH	1.38±0.24bc	24.08±1.22a	-20.31±5.82abc	13.13±2.70b
丝氨酸 Serine	AL	1.81±0.45abc	25.33±0.39a	-24.44±1.95c	15.71±0.78ab
丝氨酸 Serine	AH	2.56±0.45ab	24.68±1.11a	-20.21±2.11abc	14.35±1.47ab
葡萄糖 Glucose	PL	1.61±0.79bc	25.59±0.25a	-13.12±1.13a	16.16±1.40a
葡萄糖 Glucose	PH	3.23±1.33a	24.09±2.30a	-14.6±4.38ab	15.18±1.04ab
对照 Control treatment		0.90±0.09c	20.06±1.52b	-23.14±3.72c	13.29±1.40b
添加根系分泌物 Adding root exudates		<0.001**	0.196	0.089	0.032*
组分 Component		0.718	0.495	0.017*	0.718
浓度 Concentration		0.38	0.261	0.726	0.012*
组分×浓度 Component×Concentration		0.0278*	0.611	0.51	0.222

Effects of Different Root Exudates on Soil N₂O Emissions and Isotopic Signature

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Effects of Different Root Exudates on Soil N2O Emissions and Isotopic Signature

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Effects of Different Root Exudates on Soil N₂O Emissions and Isotopic Signature