不同改良剂对黄棕壤和红壤上白菜生长及土壤肥力影响的差异

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.22.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】A pot experiment of cabbage was conducted to investigate the various effects of 3 soil amendments (biochar (C), potassium humate (HA-K) and lime (CaO)) on plant growth and soil fertility of yellow-brown soil and red soil, so as to provide information for reasonable use of soil amendments.【Method】The present research set 4 different treatments in 2 different types of soil to study biomass, nutrient content, soluble protein and malondialdehyde content of cabbage and pH, available nutrients content, exchange-aluminum (Al) content and enzyme activity in soil.【Result】The results showed that: (1) compared with control treatment, the application of biochar and lime promoted the growth and stress-tolerance of cabbage in yellow-brown soil and red soil, in consequence of improved cabbage yield, nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) content, soluble protein content, and reduced malondialdehyde content in leaf. However, after HA-K application, the cabbage yield in yellow-brown soil was increased to 25.93 g/plant, while only 0.18 g/plant in red soil; (2) The effects of the 3 amendments on soil fertility differed in yellow-brown soil and red soil were different. Biochar application increased soil pH, available phosphorus (P), available K, organic matter, activities of urease and acid phosphatase, which improved soil fertility of the two types of soil. In addition, the supply of C significantly decreased alkaline hydrolysis N and exchange-Al content in soil. The soil pH and organic matter content in yellow-brown soil increased by 1.39 units and 168.4%, respectively, and the exchange-Al content decreased by 89.3%, while the pH value and organic matter content in red soil increased by 0.82 and 775.6%, respectively, and the exchange-Al content decreased by 93.9%. What was more, the application of HA-K and CaO significantly increased soil pH and invertase activity, and reduced exchange-Al content in both two types of soil. However, there were no significant effects of HA-K on available P, available K, organic matter, urease and acid phosphatase activities, and exchange-Al content, while significantly reduced the content of alkali-hydrolyzed N. The application of CaO only reduced soil alkaline N, available P and organic matter.【Conclusion】Generally, All of the 3 different soil amendments had great effects on the growth of cabbage and soil fertility in two different types of soil. Lime and biochar were recommended soil amendments, which could improve not only the soil fertility but also the yield of cabbage, and the application effect of humate potassium in yellow brown soil was better than that in red soil.

Key words: biochar, humate potassium, lime, cabbage growth, soil fertility, yellow-brown soil, red soil

LÜ Bo,WANG YuHan,XIA Hao,YAO ZiHan,JIANG CunCang. Effects of Biochar and Other Amendments on the Cabbage Growth and Soil Fertility in Yellow-Brown Soil and Red Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(22): 4306-4315.

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References 36

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土壤与改良剂 Soil and modifier	pH	碱解氮 Available nitrogen (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)
黄棕壤YS	5.2	87.5	5.91	169.4	13.3
红壤RS	4.8	35	2.3	110.9	7.4
生石灰CaO	12.6	/	/	/	/
腐殖酸钾HA-K	8.5	124.2	/	59700	387
生物炭C	8	102.4	274.74	4280	477.6

土壤类型 Soil type	处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	产量 Yield (g/plant)	每株叶片数 Leaf number per plant
黄棕壤 YS	CK	9.4±0.3c	15.90±0.24c	7.7±0.6b
	HA-K	13.6±0.6a	25.93±2.04a	8.0±0.0b
	C	11.7±0.5b	23.83±0.77b	8.3±0.6b
	CaO	12.8±0.8a	26.50±0.16a	9.3±0.6a
红壤 RS	CK	1.4±0.1d	0.07±0.01c	3.0±0.0d
	HA-K	2.3±0.2c	0.18±0.02c	4.3±0.6c
	C	6.2±0.1b	7.26±0.91b	5.4±0.7b
	CaO	9.2±0.8a	9.83±0.95a	8.3±0.6a

土壤类型 Soil type	处理 Treatment	N		P		K
土壤类型 Soil type	处理 Treatment	NC（g·kg^-1）	TAA（mg/plant）	NC（g·kg^-1）	TAA（mg/plant）	NC（g·kg^-1）	TAA（mg/plant）
黄棕壤 YS	CK	23.30c	28.60c	5.27c	6.47b	16.70b	20.54b
	HA-K	24.64bc	46.21b	8.18a	15.33a	19.17a	35.93a
	C	24.98b	43.97b	6.40b	11.26ab	17.42b	30.66a
	CaO	26.54a	50.76a	6.84b	13.07a	17.29b	33.07a
红壤 RS	CK	13.44b	0.27c	0.50b	0.01c	2.49c	0.05c
	HA-K	9.74c	0.39c	0.20c	0.01c	1.89c	0.08c
	C	26.63a	9.25b	2.53a	0.88b	18.18a	6.32b
	CaO	27.20a	20.27a	4.13a	3.08a	16.02b	11.93a

土壤类型 Soil type	处理 Treatment	碱解氮 Alkaline nitrogen （mg·kg^-1）	有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)
黄棕壤 YS	CK	82.83±2.02a	7.73±0.10c	246±4b	13.3±0.6b
	HA-K	77.00±3.50b	9.07±0.54b	240±7b	19.2±0.4b
	C	65.92±0.73c	12.34±0.43a	267±6a	35.7±1.4a
	CaO	60.67±3.64d	6.20±0.34d	193±15c	7.5±0.3c
红壤 RS	CK	124.83±2.67a	3.87±0.28a	329±12b	4.1±0.5b
	HA-K	113.17±1.01b	3.81±0.19a	307±18b	5.9±0.0b
	C	89.25±3.03c	3.92±0.47a	456±4a	35.9±0.9a
	CaO	54.98±2.64d	3.66±0.29a	273±3c	3.3±0.3c

土壤类型 Soil type	处理 Treatment	脲酶 Urease (mg·g^-1·h^-1)	蔗糖酶 Sucrase (mg·g^-1·h^-1)	酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase (μg·g^-1·h^-1)
黄棕壤 YS	CK	0.33±0.03c	14.95±1.48c	24.27±0.66b
	HA-K	0.34±0.01c	21.63±0.94b	24.80±0.80b
	C	0.41±0.02a	15.45±1.39c	36.86±2.26a
	CaO	0.37±0.04b	29.75±0.97a	23.27±1.91b
红壤 RS	CK	0.21±0.04a	13.33±0.54c	6.48±0.41b
	HA-K	0.21±0.02a	33.68±1.72b	7.02±0.76b
	C	0.25±0.01a	10.81±0.83c	15.06±1.08a
	CaO	0.15±0.02b	53.80±5.00a	1.91±0.37c

Effects of Biochar and Other Amendments on the Cabbage Growth and Soil Fertility in Yellow-Brown Soil and Red Soil

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