禾谷镰孢复合种毒素化学型及遗传多样性分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.01.008

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study is to clarify the toxigenic chemotype and genetic diversity of Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) causing maize ear rot from different provinces (autonomous region).【Method】The toxigenic chemotypes of 92 FGSC isolates collected from 11 provinces (autonomous region) were analyzed by using the specific primer designed based on Tri13 and Tri3 sequences. Thirteen primers with abundant bands, good repeatability, strong signal and clear background were screened from 100 universal primers developed by Columbia University (UBC) and used for ISSR-PCR amplification of these isolates. The Popgen32 software was used to calculate the percentage of polymorphic loci, Shannon’s diversity index, genetic distance and genetic similarity among populations. According to Nei’s genetic distance, UPGMA cluster analysis was carried out using NTsys2.10e software, and the dendrogram of different geographical populations was constructed. 【Result】 Four different toxigenic chemotypes including DON, 15-ADON, DON+15-ADON and NIV+15-ADON were detected among 92 FGSC isolates. One and 20 isolates represented the DON and 15-ADON chemotypes, respectively. One isolate produced both 15-ADON and NIV, and 55 isolates carried both 15-ADON and DON producing segments. The PCR amplification of all FGSC isolates was performed with 13 ISSR primers and a total of 102 fragments were obtained, of which 101 fragments displayed polymorphic and accounted for 99.02% in the total amplified fragments. The average number of fragments amplified per primer was 7.85. At population average level, the Nei’s gene diversity index (H) was 0.3129 and the Shannon’s information index (I) was 0.4774, which indicated that there was a high genetic diversity in FGSC isolates. The diversity existed among fungal populations from different geographic regions. Hebei, Shanxi, Heilongjiang and Jilin had the highest genetic diversity, while Anhui and Henan had the lowest genetic diversity. The genetic differentiation coefficient (Gst) of geographical populations was 0.2722, indicating that there were some genetic variations among different geographical populations, but most of the genetic variation (72.78%) occurred in the population. The Nm=1.3372 (＞1) indicated that there was a certain gene flow among different geographical populations. The results of genetic relationship showed that the populations of Hebei, Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and Gansu were relatively close, and the populations of Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan and Anhui also displayed a close relationship, whereas the population isolated from Anhui had the lowest similarity with population isolated from Inner Mongolia. Cluster analysis showed that the similarity coefficient of all isolates was 0.43-0.95. All the isolates were divided into two groups with the similarity coefficient of 0.43. Group 1 included 4 isolates of northern spring sowing region (Jilin, Shanxi and Zhangjiakou, Hebei), which did not produce NIV and DON. Group 2 consisted of the remaining 88 isolates which originated from northern spring sowing region (Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Gansu and Hebei (Zhangjiakou and Tangshan)) and Huang-Huai-Hai summer sowing region (Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui and Shijiazhuang, Hebei), and the toxins produced by these isolates were mainly DON and 15-ADON. When the similarity coefficient was 0.664, each group was divided into different subgroups, and the results of subgroups were related to the source of the isolates.【Conclusion】The main toxigenic chemotypes of FGSC from northern spring sowing region and Huang-Huai-Hai summer sowing region are DON and 15-ADON. There are abundant genetic variations in the populations of FGSC causing maize ear rot. There are certain gene exchanges among different geographical populations. The genetic diversity was related to the geographical origin.

Key words: Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC), toxigenic chemotype, genetic diversity, ISSR, maize ear rot

MA HongXia, SUN Hua, GUO Ning, ZHANG HaiJian, SHI Jie, CHANG JiaYing. Analysis of Toxigenic Chemotype and Genetic Diversity of the Fusarium graminearum Species Complex[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(1): 82-95.

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