两种生物质炭对红壤团聚体结构稳定性和微生物群落的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.12.009

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this paper is to study the influences of biochar derived from tobacco stems and mulberry branches on red soil aggregate stability and microbial community structure abundance, provide high quality modified materials for cultivating structural stability of soil aggregate. 【Method】 Soil samples were incubated for four months by adding four different rates (1%, 2%, 4% and 6%) of tobacco stems biochar (Y₁, Y₂, Y₄, and Y₆) and mulberry branches biochar (S₁, S₂, S₄, and S₆), and non-biochar control (CK). Then, sieving methods were used to detect the distribution of aggregates (＞2, 1-2, 0.5-1, 0.25-0.5, ＜0.25 mm) and stability (estimated by the mean weight diameter: MWD, ＞0.25 mm soil aggregates: R_0.25 and percentage of aggregate disruption: PAD). The numbers of soil fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes were measured by microbial dilution plate counting cultivation method. 【Result】 Water-stable aggregates were changed significantly after biochar additions. Compared with CK, Y₄and S₄ treatments significantly increased the 0.5-1 mm fractions by 61.0% and 43.6%; Y₁ and S₂ treatments significantly increased the 0.25-0.5 mm fractions by 40.8% and 27.1%, while the ＜0.25 mm aggregates reduced by 9.2% and 8.4%. Compared to CK, both Y₂ and S₂ enhanced the values of MWD more than 10% and Y₁ and S₂ treatments increased R_0.25by 31.4% and 28.7%, respectively. Accordingly, the PDA in the Y₆ and S₆ treatments were decreased by 22.0% and 18.2%, respectively. Furthermore, biochar additions significantly increased the soil fungi, actinomycetes and bacteria community. The Y₄ and S₄ treatments resulted in a richest amount of microbial community. In the tobacco stems treatments, a significant correlation existed between the aggregate stability index (MWD, R_0.25) with the fungi (R²=0.89, P=0.030; R²=0.86, P=0.039) and actinomycetes (R²=0.87, P=0.035; R²=0.90, P=0.021). Moreover, PAD significantly reduced with the increased fungi (P＜0.01), and actinomycetes and bacteria (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】The biochar derived from tobacco stems and mulberry branches enhanced the formation of macro-aggregate (0.25-1 mm), soil aggregates stability and abundance of soil microbial communities. The effect of tobacco stems biochar was better than that of mulberry branches, and the appropriate application is 2%-4%.

Key words: biochar, red soil, soil aggregate stability, soil microbial

HE Yu-ting, WANG Chang-quan, SHEN Jie, LI Bin, LI Bing, CHEN Lin, PAN Xing-bing. Effects of Two Biochars on Red Soil Aggregate Stability and Microbial Community[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(12): 2333-2342.

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