黄淮海北部农田犁底层现状及其特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.12.008

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this paper is to study the present situation and characteristics of plow pan in the northern region of Huang Huai Hai plain.【Method】 In this study, 108 investigation points distributed in Wuqiao County of Hebei province and Ling County of Shandong province were selected according to the soil texture distribution data and the Second China National Soil Survey. At each investigation point, the soil moisture content, soil bulk density and penetration resistance of different soil levels from top surface to 45 cm during the jointing stage of winter wheat were determined. 【Result】 The average thickness of topsoil in the northern region of Huang Huai Hai plain was 14.74 cm, and the plow pan distributed from 15 to 30 cm existed at about 76% of all investigated points. It was also found that the bulk density and penetration resistance among each soil layer have significant differences. The bulk density of plow pan was about 1.54 g·cm^-3which was the largest in soil profile. Also the penetration resistance of plow pan during the jointing stage of winter wheat varied from 1 371.00 kPa to 4 256.00 kPa, which was significantly higher than that of top soil and subsoil. During the whole growth period of winter wheat, the penetration resistance of plow pan was always larger than 2 000 kPa which restrained the growth of root, and primarily distributed in shallow soil, and this led to the increased water stress to winter wheat and nutrient uptake from deep soil in water deficient area. A very significant correlation between soil penetration resistance and bulk density, soil water content was observed. In addition, the penetration resistance of soil showed a increasing trend with the increased soil bulk density and the regression equation is y=3 854.09x+3 891.99 (y is penetration resistance, x is the bulk density, r=0.84). When the bulk density is less than 1.4 g·cm^-3, soil penetration resistance was lower than 2 000 kPa, which was not an obstacle for root growth. When the soil bulk density is 1.4 g·cm^-3 or more, the effect of soil penetration resistance on winter wheat growth mainly depended on the soil moisture, and the regression equation between them is y= -75.93x + 3 153.83 (y is penetration resistance, x is the water content of soil, r= 0.82). 【Conclusion】 In a whole, plow pan is widespread under the traditional rotary-based tillage mode in the northern Huang Huai Hai, which would be an obstacle for crop root growth and the utilization of soil nutrients. So moderately breaking the plough pan and building a reasonable soil structure is required.

Key words: Huang Huai Hai plain, plow pan, bulk weight, penetration resistance, soil water

ZHAI Zhen, LI Yu-yi, PANG Huan-cheng, WANG Jing, ZHANG Li, DONG Guo-hao, GUO Jian-jun, GUO Zhi-hui. Study on Present Situation and Characteristics of Plow Pan in the Northern Region of Huang Huai Hai Plain[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(12): 2322-2332.

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References

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