基于养分专家系统的小麦-玉米推荐施肥效应研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.22.009

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The aim of the experiment is to study the scientific fertilization technology of a winter wheat and summer maize rotation system. 【Method】This field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nutrient expert for wheat and hybrid maize, and Agro Services International Inc (ASI) recommended fertilization on grain yield, economic benefit, nutrient accumulation, fertilizer use efficiency, anniversary balance of phosphorus and potassium of winter wheat and summer maize in Gangqu and Hebi.【Result】The results showed that yield was significantly increased by 24.75%-65.26% and 8.18%-35.53% respectively with the treatment of applying fertilizer in two years, nitrogen fertilizer increased the yield by 31.14% and 24.40%, phosphate fertilizer was 11.62% and 9.42%, potassium fertilizer was 11.52% and 8.64%, and the average income increased were 9 369, 4 095 and 3 923 yuan/hm² respectively. Compared with a conventional fertilizer application, the nutrient expert recommended fertilization increased grain yield by 6.63% and 4.63%, and economic benefit by 18.27% and 20.48%, the accumulation of plant N, P and K was increased by 7.87%, 12.72% and 4.79%, the ratio of output to input was 4.01, the effect was the same as the ASI recommended fertilization. Based on the nutrient expert recommend fertilization, the agronomic efficiency of N, P2O5, and K2O was 10.99, 10.67 and 10.69 kg·kg^-1, and fertilizer use efficiency was 35.82%, 22.30% and 45.33% respectively in anniversary rotation cycles, the phosphorus and potassium was increased by 49.6 and 71.5 kg·hm^-2 respectively with returning whole straw of winter wheat and summer maize into the soil. 【Conclusion】Fertilizer application recommended by the nutrient expert for wheat and hybrid maize optimized the ratio of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizer, promoted the absorption and utilization of plant N, P, K in winter wheat and summer maize, increased yield, economic benefit and fertilizer use efficiency, kept the anniversary surplus of phosphorus and potassium in winter wheat and summer maize rotation system. In conclusion, the nutrient expert for wheat and hybrid maize are convenient and fast, and can be used to recommend fertilizer application in the winter wheat and summer maize rotation system.

Key words: winter wheat, summer maize, rotation system, nutrient expert, recommended fertilization, yield, fertilizer efficiency

WANG Yi-lun, BAI You-lu, WANG Lei, LIU Ju, HAN Yan-lai, TAN Jin-fang. Effects of Recommended Fertilization Based on Nutrient Expert in Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Rotation System[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(22): 4483-4492.

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