转基因作物饲用安全性评价研究进展

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.06.16

Abstract

Abstract: The use of transferring foreign genes to plants has led to the dominant agronomic properties of crops, including insect resistance, herbicide tolerance, disease resistance and drought resistance. Since genetically modified (GM) crops were firstly cultivated in 1996, the cultivation area of GM crops has increased more than 100-fold reaching 175 million hectares worldwide in 2013. High portions of these GM crops and their by-products are fed to animals. The degradation and transportation of transgenic DNA and protein for GM feeds in the gastrointestinal tract and the possible effect of GM feeds or feed additive on animal nutrition, growth and health have been the focus of attention. The urgency and necessity of safety evaluation of GM feeds were proposed in the present paper. The difference of safety evaluation between the GM food and feeds were also analyzed. The scientific principles for safety evaluation and the characteristics of transgenic components in crops with insect-resistance, herbicide tolerance and phytase transgenic corn were discussed. This paper mainly reviewed the fate of transgenic DNA and protein, nutrient value and digestibility of GM feeds, and the effects of GM feeds on nutrition, immune response, reproduction performance and intestinal microbiota in livestock and poultry. Based on short-term, long-term, and multigenerational studies, there were no transfers of recombinant dietary DNA or protein to tissues, organs or blood, the transgenic components only presented in foregut digesta of animals, and no adverse effects of GM feeds on nutrition, immune response, reproduction performance and intestinal health of animals were found. The selected experimental materials, description of information, the method to assess the digestion and transportation of transgenic components of GM feeds, and the effects of GM feeds on immune response, reproduction performance and multigenerational effects on livestock and poultry were also analyzed synthetically to provide reference for establishment and further perfection of safety evaluation system of GM feeds.

Key words: genetically modified feed, transgenic component, livestock and poultry, growth, health, safety assessment

CHEN Liang, HUANG Qing-hua, MENG Li-hui, XING Huan, YAO Bin, YANG Xiao-guang, ZHANG Hong-fu. Safety Evaluation of Feeds from Genetically Modified Crops on Livestock and Poultry[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(6): 1205-1218.

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