Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (21): 4611-4622.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.21.011

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Mineralization Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Temperature Sensitivity in Wheat Field Under Film Mulching

CAO HanBing1,2(),XIE JunYu1,2,LIU Fei1,GAO JianYong1,WANG ChuHan1,WANG RenJie3,XIE YingHe1,LI TingLiang1,*()   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), Taiyuan 030031
    2Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030031
    3National Vegetable Quality Standards Center, Weifang 262700, Shandong;
  • Received:2021-07-26 Accepted:2021-09-16 Online:2021-11-01 Published:2021-11-09
  • Contact: TingLiang LI E-mail:caohanbing119@163.com;litingliang021@126.com

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Abstract:

【Objective】Clarify the response of dryland soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization to long-term film mulching and its temperature sensitivity, and further understand the transformation and stabilization mechanism of SOC, providing theoretical support for dryland soil fertility and crop productivity. 【Method】Based on the dryland wheat field mulching experiment that began in 2012 in the southeastern of the Loess Plateau, soil samples of 0-20 cm layer for different mulching cultivation modes (farmer’s practice fertilization (no film mulching), monitoring fertilization (no film mulching), monitoring fertilization plus ridge mulching-furrow planting (mulching), and monitoring fertilization plus whole field film (mulching)) were collected, and then the soil samples were incubated at different temperatures (15, 25 and 35℃). The lye absorption method was used to determine the SOC mineralization rate at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th and 42th days after incubation, combined with two component model to fit the cumulative mineralization and decomposition rate of soil active and recalcitrant organic carbon pool, investigate the effect of film mulching on SOC mineralization characteristics and the response of SOC mineralization to temperature.【Result】The results showed that the increasing temperature had significantly increased SOC mineralization rate, cumulative mineralization and the mineralization amount of recalcitrant organic carbon pool (Cs), but markedly decreased the temperature sensitivity (Q10) and activation energy (Ea). The mineralization rate and cumulative mineralization of SOC at 25℃ and 35℃ were about twice that at 15℃, and the mineralization of Cs increased by 93.4% and 105.3% respectively compared with that at 15℃. But Q10 (25-35℃) is 19.3% lower than Q10 (15-25℃), and Ea (25-35℃) is 68.0% lower than Ea (15-25℃). Plastic film mulching significantly increased the SOC cumulative mineralization, the mineralization of Q10, Ea and Cs. Compared with farmer fertilization treatment, both monitoring fertilization plus ridge mulching-furrow planting and monitoring fertilization plus whole field film treatments had significantly increased the SOC cumulative mineralization by 26.5%-38.6% (25℃) and 27.8%-64.4% (35℃), respectively, while monitoring fertilization plus whole field film treatment had the largest improvement. The monitoring fertilization plus whole field film treatment had also significantly increased Q10 by 28.5% (15-25℃) and 25.8% (25-35℃) and Ea by 93.4% and 193.1%, respectively. Furthermore, monitoring fertilization plus whole field film treatment had markedly increased the mineralization amount of Cs by 115.8%-2 208.2%. 【Conclusion】Therefore, film mulching accelerated the SOC mineralization in the dryland wheat field of the Loess Plateau, especially for monitoring fertilization plus whole filed filming treatment mainly increased the mineralization of recalcitrant organic carbon pool, and then significantly increased the cumulative mineralization of SOC and its temperature sensitivity.

Key words: dryland, soil organic carbon mineralization, temperature sensitivity, recalcitrant organic carbon pool, monitoring fertilization plus whole filed filming

Fig. 1

Experimental site location and treatment"

Table 1

The application rate of nutrients in different treatment (N-P2O5-K2O, kg·hm-2)"

处理 Treatment 2012—2013 2013—2014 2014—2015 2015—2016 2016—2017 2017—2018 2018—2019
常规施肥FP 150-60-0 150-60-0 150-60-0 150-60-0 150-60-0 150-60-0 150-60-0
测控施肥MF 125-105-41 95-64-32 105-52-30 90-53-45 91-75-32 56-111-29 85-92-17
垄膜沟播PF 125-105-41 95-64-32 105-52-30 90-53-45 91-75-32 56-111-29 85-92-17
平膜穴播FH 125-105-41 95-64-32 105-52-30 90-53-45 91-75-32 56-111-29 85-92-17

Table 2

Basical properties of topsoil (0-20 cm) in 2019"

处理 Treatment pH 全氮 TN (g·kg-1) 硝态氮 NO3-N (mg·kg-1) 速效磷 AP (mg·kg-1) 速效钾 AK (mg·kg-1)
常规施肥FP 8.1a 1.06a 4.6a 17.4a 220.4a
测控施肥MF 8.0a 0.83b 5.6a 33.8a 215.5a
垄膜沟播RF 8.0a 0.82b 5.2a 28.5a 258.6a
平膜穴播FH 7.9a 0.79b 4.9a 28.0a 254.6a

Fig. 2

Soil organic carbon content under film mulching measures Different lowercase letters mean significant differences between treatments at the 5% probability level. The same as below"

Table 3

Two-factor variance analysis of SOC mineralization rate under temperature and film mulching measures"

变异来源
Source of variation		 平方和
Sum of squares		 自由度
Degree of freedom		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F value		 P值
P value
温度 Temperature (T) 0.0154 2 0.0077 6.1986 0.0030
覆膜 Film mulching (F) 0.0028 3 0.0009 0.7607 0.5191
温度×覆膜T×F 0.0032 6 0.0005 0.4266 0.8594

Fig. 3

Dynamic changes of soil organic carbon mineralization rate under different film mulching measures"

Table 4

Two-factor variance analysis of cumulative SOC mineralization under temperature and film mulching measures"

变异来源
Source of variation		 平方和
Sum of squares		 自由度
Degree of freedom		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F value		 P值
P value
温度 Temperature (T) 4.8955 2 2.4478 94.1171 0.0001
覆膜 Film mulching (F) 1.2566 3 0.4189 16.1060 0.0001
温度×覆膜 T×F 1.1187 6 0.1864 7.1688 0.0001

Fig. 4

Dynamic changes of cumulative soil organic carbon mineralization under different film mulching measures"

Fig. 5

Q10 value of SOC mineralization under different film mulching measures"

Table 5

Activation energy of soil organic carbon mineralization under different film mulching measures"

处理
Treatment		 Ea (kg·mol-1)
15-25℃ 25-35℃
常规施肥FP 21.0b 8.2b
测控施肥MF 33.9ab 19.9ab
垄膜沟播RF 22.3b 17.9ab
平膜穴播FH 40.6a 24.0a

Table 6

Two-factor variance analysis of SOC pool mineralization parameters under temperature and film mulching measures"

变异来源
Source of variation		 平方和
Sum of squares		 自由度
Degree of freedom		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F value		 P值
P value
Ca 温度 Temperature (T) 0.1316 2 0.0658 0.2249 0.8004
覆膜 Film mulching (F) 0.3592 3 0.1197 0.4091 0.7480
温度×覆膜 T×F 2.7988 6 0.4665 1.5941 0.1960
Ka 温度 Temperature (T) 0.0348 2 0.0174 0.4279 0.6572
覆膜 Film mulching (F) 0.0842 3 0.0281 0.6900 0.5678
温度×覆膜T×F 0.0341 6 0.0057 0.1395 0.9893
Cs 温度 Temperature (T) 20103.4300 2 10051.7100 18.4349 0.0001
覆膜 Film mulching (F) 15772.3800 3 5257.4620 9.6422 0.0003
温度×覆膜T×F 649.0932 6 108.1822 0.1984 0.9737
Ks 温度 Temperature (T) 0.0004 2 0.0002 4.4409 0.0240
覆膜 Film mulching (F) 0.0001 3 0.0000 0.6656 0.5821
温度×覆膜 T×F 0.0002 6 0.0000 0.6096 0.7201

Table 7

Mineralization parameters of soil organic carbon pool under long-term different film mulching measures"

培养温度
Incubation temperature (℃)		 矿化参数
Mineralization parameters		 处理 Treatment
FP MF RF FH
15 Ca (g·kg-1) 1.552 0.631 0.461 0.329
Ka (d-1) 0.300 0.392 0.301 0.242 a
Cs (g·kg-1) 2.319b 34.331a 40.624a 53.517aB
Ks (d-1) 0.0121A 0.0025 0.0119 0.0033
R2 0.981 0.990 0.988 0.995
25 Ca (g·kg-1) 0.773 0.775 1.008 0.994
Ka (d-1) 0.276 0.294 0.229 0.209
Cs (g·kg-1) 41.307b 82.268ab 72.154ab 103.473aA
Ks (d-1) 0.0003B 0.0004 0.0003 0.0002
R2 0.974 0.981 0.986 0.987
35 Ca (g·kg-1) 0.599 0.748 0.793 1.001
Ka (d-1) 0.434 0.354 0.262 0.245
Cs (g·kg-1) 50.893b 90.210ab 101.647a 109.849aA
Ks (d-1) 0.0011AB 0.0004 0.0003 0.0004
R2 0.972 0.990 0.988 0.992
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