Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2015, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (23): 4748-4758.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.23.016

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Release Kinetics of Non-Exchangeable Potassium in Red Soil and Its Organo-Mineral Complex of Long-Term Fertilizer Experiments

YUE Long-kai1,2, WANG Bo-ren1,2, HUANG Qing-hai3, LIU Kai-lou3, CAI Ze-jiang1,2, LI Dong-chu1,2, HUANG Jing1,2, ZHANG Hui-min1,2   

  1. 1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Beijing 100081
    2National Observation Station of Qiyang Agri-Ecology    System, Qiyang 426182, Hunan
    3Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Jinxian 331717, Jiangxi
  • Received:2015-09-16 Online:2015-12-01 Published:2015-12-01

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Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study is to research the non-exchangeable potassium release characteristics in red soil and its complex of different long-term fertilizers, to explore the differences of potassium supply capacity of soil caused by long-term different fertilization, and to clarify non-exchangeable potassium (K) release ability in bulk soils and different size fractions of organo-mineral complex. 【Method】The experiment was based on two fertilization experiments of over 20 years, one of which was located at Jinxian, Jiangxi Province and the other at Qiyang, Hunan Province. Organo-mineral complexes were separated from bulk soil with the fraction sizes of ＜2, 2-10, 10-50, 50-100 and >100 µm by the ultrasonic beating and siphon method. The non-exchangeable K release from bulk soil and its organo-mineral complex samples were extracted using oxalic acid. Before extracting, the bulk soil and its organo-mineral complex samples were calcium saturated, and the data of the accumulation of non-exchangeable K release from bulk soil and its organo-mineral complex were used to simulate a kinetics equation to study the law of non-exchangeable K release.【Result】After 300 hours of extraction, the accumulation of non-exchangeable K release showed that at the Jinxian site, the amount of non-exchangeable K released by soil with mixed utilizing chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer combined with manure (NPKM) and mixed utilizing chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer (NPK) increased by 98.0 and 81.0 mg·kg-1 compared with mixed utilizing chemical nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), respectively, with the increase ratio was 30.7% and 25.4%, respectively. However, at the Qiyang site, the amount of non-exchangeable K release by NPKM and NPK increased by 130.0 and 40.0 mg·kg-1 compared with NP, respectively, and the increase ratio was 52.1% and 16.0%, respectively. The application of K fertilizer increased the accumulation of non-exchangeable K release significantly, especially in the ＜2 µm size of organo-mineral complex fraction. Both the first-order kinetic equation and Elovich equation could simulate the ability of non-exchangeable K release well in both bulk soil and organio-mineral complex (P＜0.001). Meanwhile, there was a significant positive correlation (P＜0.001) between kinetic equation values (first-order kinetic equation a value, Elovich equation b value) and the real accumulation of non-exchangeable K release. 【Conclusion】Long-term chemical K fertilizer and chemical K fertilizer combined with manure could improve the K supply ability of red soil, especially in the ＜2 µm size of organo-mineral complex. The characteristic value of both first-order kinetic equation (a) and Elovich equation (b) could simulate the accumulation of non-exchangeable K release in both bulk soil and organo-mineral complex.

Key words: long-term fertilization, red soil, organo-mineral complex, non-exchangeable potassium, kinetic

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