Abstract: 【Objective】The self-developed rice good quality standard system (named as GQS) has been implemented in production, and the rice yield, quality and soil environment were evaluated, providing scientific basis for the reasonable design and timely adjustment of GQS.【Method】Based on the pilot area of fixed-point and GQS, which was carried out continuously for 1-5 years in rice growing areas of Jiangsu and Shanghai, the conventional rice cultivation system (CCS) was taken as control. The rice samples and soil samples were collected for the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of rice yield safety and quality, safety, soil fertility, soil enzyme activity and soil microbial diversity.【Result】Compared with the CCS, the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 46.8% in the optimal standard system, and organic fertilizer, EM bacteria agent, foliar fertilizer and zinc fertilizer were added instead. The application of pesticides with biological agents as the core, synergistic use of low toxicity and low residue chemical pesticides advantages. Under the premise of ensuring rice yield, quality safety, the application of GQS significantly increased soil total nitrogen and organic matter contents. The comprehensive score of soil fertility of the GQS was higher than that of the CCS after 1 to 4 years of continuous implementation, but the comprehensive score of soil fertility of the GQS after 5 years of continuous implementation was lower than that of the CCS. The activities of urease, dehydrogenase and sucrase in the optimal system were higher than those in the CCS. The diversity and abundance of bacterial community were increased in the paddy soil with the application of GQS. Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi showed repeated changes in the increasing ratio of soil bacterial richness after the first year and the second consecutive year of application of the GQS. Terrimonas and Flavobacterium are the dominant genera. The results of correlation analysis showed that the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi were positively correlated with pH fertility index and total P fertility index after the implementation of the GQS for 1 year. The results showed that the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi were positively correlated with the change of pH fertility index. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi and soil dehydrogenase activity.【Conclusion】Under the premise of ensuring rice yield and quality safety, The application of GQS was helpful for the restoration of rice soil fertility by effectively improving the soil quality and the diversity of soil bacterial community.

Key words: good quality standard system, rice yield and quality, soil enzyme activity, soil fertility, soil microbial diversity