纳米氧化镁诱导烟草抗青枯病的作用机理

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.16.015

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study is to explore the effect and mechanism of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) in inducing tobacco resistance to bacterial wilt, and by integrating the aboveground and underground synergistic response mechanism of plants, it will provide a new research perspective for revealing the molecular mechanism of nanomaterials inducing systemic resistance in plants.【Method】The physiological and biochemical defense response mechanisms of the aboveground part and the changes of the rhizosphere microecology of the underground part of diseased tobacco plants after MgO NPs treatment were evaluated by root irrigation pretreatment, combined with methods such as the determination of plant defense substances, qRT-PCR and high-throughput sequencing. 【Result】 Pretreatment with 300 μg·mL^-1 MgO NPs achieved optimal control efficacy against tobacco bacterial wilt, showing a relative control efficacy of 50.74% at 16 days post-inoculation. Compared with the water control, MgO NPs pretreatment significantly enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in tobacco plants. The activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were increased by 63.9%, 61.3%, 72.8%, and 66.4%, respectively. The contents of proline and soluble sugar in leaves pretreated with 300 μg·mL^-1 MgO NPs were significantly increased by 319.3% and 131.0% compared with the control, while malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anion levels were significantly decreased compared with the control. Concurrently, MgO NPs pretreatment significantly enhanced the expression level of tobacco resistance genes and significantly changed the richness and diversity of microbial community in tobacco rhizosphere soil. Compared with the control group, beneficial bacteria and fungi such as Bacillus, Streptomyces, Humicola, Mortierella and Chaetomium in tobacco rhizosphere soil were significantly enriched after pretreatment with MgO NPs. The relative abundance of pathogens such as Ralstonia, Streptococcus and Fusarium decreased significantly. In field trials, the drench application of 300 μg·mL^-1 MgO NPs demonstrated a relative control efficacy of 53.67% against tobacco bacterial wilt.【Conclusion】MgO NPs can effectively control tobacco bacterial wilt while improving the rhizosphere microecology of tobacco plants, exhibiting potential for development as a novel nano-antibacterial agent to enhance tobacco’s defense against pathogen invasion.

Key words: magnesium oxide nanoparticles, tobacco bacterial wilt, induced resistance, action mechanism, rhizosphere microorganism

CHEN JuanNi, CHEN PinLu, LI Yu, XIE MengXiao, LI XinBei, DING Wei. Mechanism of Tobacco Resistance to Bacterial Wilt Induced by Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(16): 3327-3344.

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基因Gene	引物序列Primer sequence (5′-3′)
NtNCED3	F: AATTGTGGTGATTGGTTC R: ATTGCTCTTCTTGTTGATT
NtPR1b	F: AACCCATCCATACTATTCCTTG R: GCCGCTAACCTATTGTCCC
NtPR1a/c	F: AACCTTTGACCTGGGACGAC R: GCACATCCAACACGAACCGA
NtCAT1	F: CAACTTCCTGCTAATGCTCCAA R: TGCCTGTCTGGTGTGAATGA
NtEF	F: GAAAGACTGCTTATTGACTCCACC R: CCACACGACCAACAGGGACA

分类 Category	处理 Treatment	Sobs指数 Sobs index	Shannon指数 Shannon index	Ace指数 Ace index	Chao指数 Chao index	Coverage指数 Coverage index
细菌 Bacteria	清水对照CK	2084.3a	2.3247a	2543.6a	2562.3a	0.9786a
细菌 Bacteria	MgO NPs	2178.3a	5.9146b	2659.7a	2636.3a	0.9779a
真菌 Fungi	清水对照CK	433a	3.4502a	157.6a	147.7a	0.9992a
真菌 Fungi	MgO NPs	290a	1.8386b	417.1b	516.8b	0.9993a

Mechanism of Tobacco Resistance to Bacterial Wilt Induced by Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles

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