链霉菌TOR3209对低温胁迫下番茄植株叶绿素合成和多胺含量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.15.010

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying the mitigation of low temperature-induced damage in tomato plants by Streptomyces sp. TOR3209, with particular emphasis on evaluating the impact of TOR3209 inoculation on light-harvesting complex of PSII (LHCII). The investigation focuses primarily on the alterations in chlorophyll biosynthesis pathways and polyamine accumulation.【Method】 Tomato seedlings at the quadrifoliate stage were inoculated with Streptomyces sp. TOR3209 during transplantation into the pots. Low-temperature stress (5 ℃) was conducted 30 days post-transplantation. The experimental design comprised four treatment groups: TOR3209-inoculated plants (TOR3209), non-inoculated plants (NI), TOR3209-inoculated plants exposed to cold stress (TOR3209+C), and non-inoculated plants exposed to cold stress (NI+C). The conformational alterations in LHCII were analyzed through sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Chlorophyll content, precursor metabolite levels, and enzymatic activities in chlorophyll biosynthesis pathways were quantified using microplate-based enzymatic assays. Polyamine speciation profiles were determined by high performance liquid chromatography, while the expression differences of key genes involved in chlorophyll and polyamine biosynthesis metabolism were examined via quantitative real-time PCR.【Result】 Low temperature stress markedly decreased the abundance of LHCII monomers and trimers in thylakoid membranes, while TOR3209 inoculation effectively alleviated the degradation. The chlorophyll content in tomato leaves showed a pronounced decrease by low temperature, concurrent with substantial accumulation of the chlorophyll precursors porphobilinogen (PBG). This accumulation coincided with a marked decline in the level of downstream chlorophyll precursors, including uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III), protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), Mg-protoporphyrin IX (Mg-proto IX), and protochlorophyll (Pchl). The reduction in chlorophyll content was mainly caused by the blocked site, which was from PBG to Urogen III in chlorophyll synthesis. Streptomyces sp. TOR3209 enhanced porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) enzymatic activity and upregulated expression of the encoded gene HemC. This regulatory effect mitigated the inhibitory impact of low temperature stress on the metabolic conversion from PBG to Urogen III, consequently facilitating the recovery of the previously impaired chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway. Concurrently, the inoculation suppressed both chlorophyllase (Chlase) activity and Clh gene expression levels, promoting chlorophyll accumulation. The contents of free and conjugated polyamines were all decreased significantly under low temperature stress, accompanied by a decreased putrescine (Put)/spermine (Spm) ratio. TOR3209 inoculation alleviated the decline of polyamines, and the levels of different forms of polyamines were significantly elevated at the early stage of stress. Extended stress duration activated the metabolic conversion from Put to spermidine (Spd) through Odc gene upregulation, resulting in progressive accumulation of free/conjugated Put and conjugated Spd. Notably, while Spm levels showed no significant variation relative to NI+C, the elevated ratio of Put/Spm contributed to enhancing the abundance of LHCII and stabilized the aggregation state of LHCII. In addition, TOR3209 effectively reversed the cold stress-induced reduction in transglutaminases (TGase) activity while stimulating polyamine conjugation processes.【Conclusion】 TOR3209 treatment enhanced chlorophyll biosynthesis in tomato leaves through relieving the hindrance on the transformation from PBG to Urogen III caused by low temperature stress, and elevating Put accumulation and the Put/Spm ratio. These biochemical modifications collectively stabilized monomeric and trimeric LHCII configurations, providing comprehensive protection for the photosynthetic apparatus against low temperature stress.

Key words: Streptomyces, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), low temperature stress, light-harvesting complex of PSII (LHCII), chlorophyll synthesis, polyamine

MA Jia, PENG JieLi, WANG Xu, JIA Nan, LI MengKai, HU Dong. Effects of Streptomyces sp. TOR3209 on Chlorophyll Synthesis and Polyamine Content in Tomato Plants Under Low Temperature Stress[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(15): 3064-3080.

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基因Gene	正向引物Forward primer (5′-3′)	反向引物Reverse primer (5′-3′)
HemC	TTCTCCACCGCTATCCCTCA	ATACCAATGGCACCCTGAGC
Clh	GCAAACTCCGCCATCAGTTC	TGCCTCGAATCCCTTTGGTC
Spds	GAGGAGGAGATGGTGGTGTC	ATGCAACTCCGTCACCAATG
Odc	ACTTCCACGACTTCCCTGAG	TTCGACATGCACGCTAATGG
Actin	TGTCCCTATTTACGAGGGTTATGC	CAGTTAAATCACGACCAGCAAGAT

叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content	处理Treatment	0 d	1 d	3 d	6 d	10 d
叶绿素a Chl a (mg·g^-1 FW)	TOR3209+C	11.67±0.49a	5.77±0.42b	6.07±0.26b	7.38±0.32b	6.23±0.57b
	NI+C	9.52±0.43b	4.61±0.42c	4.55±0.33c	4.68±0.65d	4.06±0.79c
	TOR3209	11.67±0.49a	8.11±0.36a	9.23±0.48a	9.03±0.66a	8.46±0.55a
	NI	9.52±0.43b	6.14±0.34b	6.54±0.54b	6.32±0.04c	5.78±0.06b
叶绿素b Chl b (mg·g^-1 FW)	TOR3209+C	4.65±0.40a	3.13±0.51c	2.74±0.39b	6.72±1.23b	2.77±0.11c
	NI+C	3.66±0.42b	2.66±0.37c	1.95±0.45b	3.28±0.97c	2.05±0.54c
	TOR3209	4.65±0.40a	9.01±0.53a	7.26±0.13a	9.02±0.20a	8.26±0.56a
	NI	3.66±0.42b	6.53±0.22b	7.29±0.14a	6.49±0.05b	5.54±0.58b
总叶绿素 Chl t (mg·g^-1 FW)	TOR3209+C	16.69±0.90a	9.11±0.54c	9.01±0.67c	14.45±1.58b	9.21±0.57c
	NI+C	13.47±0.61b	7.44±0.79d	6.65±0.23d	8.16±1.02c	6.25±1.34d
	TOR3209	16.69±0.90a	17.57±0.78a	16.89±0.62a	18.51±0.84a	17.14±1.14a
	NI	13.47±0.61b	13.00±0.51b	14.19±0.69b	13.15±0.09bc	11.60±0.66b

处理 Treatment	转谷酰胺酶活性TGase activity (mmol·h^-1·g^-1)
处理 Treatment	0 d	1 d	3 d	6 d	10 d
TOR3209+C	0.60±0.03a	0.51±0.00bc	0.49±0.02c	0.54±0.01c	0.53±0.02b
NI+C	0.55±0.02b	0.45±0.04c	0.45±0.01d	0.46±0.01d	0.36±0.02c
TOR3209	0.60±0.03a	0.73±0.03a	0.65±0.00a	0.63±0.02a	0.63±0.03a
NI	0.55±0.02b	0.53±0.04b	0.55±0.03b	0.58±0.02b	0.60±0.03a

Effects of Streptomyces sp. TOR3209 on Chlorophyll Synthesis and Polyamine Content in Tomato Plants Under Low Temperature Stress

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