甘蓝型冬油菜气孔特性与抗寒性的关系

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The characteristics of the stomatal movement of winter Brassica napus with different cold resistance in northern China in a low-temperature environment were analyzed, and the relationship between cold resistance and stomatal movement was clarified, which provided a basis for analyzing the cold resistance mechanism of winter Brassica napus and cultivating strong cold resistance varieties. 【Method】 The physiological indexes of 14 winter Brassica napus varieties under semi-lethal temperature and low temperature were determined to judge the difference in cold resistance. At the same time, 12 stomatal indexes of the lower epidermis of the leaves of the plants treated at 24℃ for 12 h, 0℃ for 1 h, and 0℃ for 12 h were determined. Stomatal evaluation indexes significantly related to cold resistance evaluation indexes were screened by correlation analysis. 【Result】 (1) According to the results of semi-lethal temperature determination, the cold resistance of the tested varieties was identified as gau-1 (-8.06)>gau-24 (-7.83)>gau-30 (-7.58)>gau-39 (-7.44)>ts309 (-7.28)>ts312 (-7.08)>nts158 (-6.81)>npz269 (-6.62)>Tianyou 14 (-5.98)>16-2444 (-5.4)>17-2251 (-5.13)>Tianyou 2266 (-4.8)>Tianyou 2238 (-4.6)>Tianyou 2288 ( -4.38 ). According to the comprehensive evaluation value of physiological indexes, the results of cold resistance were gau-1 (0.990)>gau-24 (0.876)>gau-30 (0.693)>gau-39 (0.644)>ts309 (0.534)>ts312 ( 0.463)>nts158 (0.439)>npz269 (0.388)>Tianyou 14 (0.352)>16-2444 (0.307)>17-2251 (0.282)>Tianyou 2266 (0.236)>Tianyou 2238 (0.126)>Tianyou 2288 ( 0.000). The cold resistance measured by semi-lethal temperature was consistent with the comprehensive evaluation results of physiological indexes. (2) 12 stomatal movement-related indicators changed significantly after low-temperature treatment. The correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the 12 stomatal indexes and the semi-lethal temperature at room temperature and 0℃ after 1 h treatment. After 12 h treatment at 0℃, the stomatal pore length, area of stomatal pore, circumference of stomatal pore, stomatal apparatus length, area of stomatal apparatus, Circumference of stomatal apparatus, and stomatal closure rate were significantly correlated with cold resistance. The semi-lethal temperature was significantly correlated with the comprehensive evaluation value (Z) of stomata, and the correlation coefficient was-0.572. 【Conclusion】 Low-temperature treatment can significantly affect the stomatal movement of winter Brassica napus, and the characteristics of stomatal closure tend to be more obvious with the extension of low-temperature treatment time. At the same time, the relative changes of stomata of different temperature-sensitive varieties were different, and the varieties with strong cold resistance had stronger ability to keep stomata open after low-temperature treatment.

Key words: Brassica napus L., cold resistance evaluation, stomatal movement, semi-lethal temperature, physiological and biochemical characteristics

FAN JunQiang, WU JunYan, LIU LiJun, MA Li, YANG Gang, PU YuanYuan, LI XueCai, SUN WanCang. Correlation Between Stomatal Characteristics and Cold Resistance of Brassica napus L.[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(4): 599-618.

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Figures/Tables 15

Fig. 1

Table 1

Relative electric conductivity and Logistic equation of leaves under different low temperatures treatments"

品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	相对电导率<BOLD>R</BOLD>elative electric conductivity (%)					回归方程 Regression equation	拟合度 R²	半致死温度 LT50 (℃)	抗寒性排序 Cold tolerance ranking
品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	0℃	-4℃	-8℃	-12℃	-16℃	回归方程 Regression equation	拟合度 R²	半致死温度 LT50 (℃)	抗寒性排序 Cold tolerance ranking
gau-1	19.54±1.40a	21.73±3.28c	35.80±3.16d	78.77±3.25b	87.04±4.10a	y=100/(1+6.420e^0.2308^x)	0.91	-8.06	1
天油14 Tianyou14	19.68±2.10a	24.83±4.25c	65.61±3.77bc	87.74±2.74ab	94.22±9.92a	y=100/(1+5.562e^0.2868^x)	0.97	-5.98	9
16-2444	19.56±4.73a	27.17±3.42c	76.78±6.42ab	89.56±6.17ab	94.37±4.46a	y=100/(1+4.795e^0.2901^x)	0.95	-5.40	10
17-2251	19.72±2.14a	43.38±2.88ab	77.39±3.98ab	82.88±1.73ab	86.77±1.19a	y=100/(1+2.941e^0.2103^x)	0.91	-5.13	11
gau-24	18.81±1.60a	21.15±1.44c	32.76±3.04d	79.64±1.33b	91.32±1.66a	y=100/(1+7.528e^0.2578^x)	0.90	-7.83	2
gau-30	16.43±4.39a	19.75±7.57c	33.05±4.02d	83.82±1.92ab	93.77±3.27a	y=100/(1+9.210e^0.2931^x)	0.91	-7.58	3
gau-39	18.76±4.31a	22.51±6.16c	51.43±1.02cd	82.11±3.92ab	85.41±6.48a	y=100/(1+5.561e^0.2306^x)	0.94	-7.44	4
nts158	17.26±2.07a	23.45±2.66c	42.37±22.85d	89.68±5.92ab	93.42±1.15a	y=100/(1+7.431e^0.2946^x)	0.92	-6.81	7
npz269	18.37±2.87a	25.12±0.49c	71.56±4.30ab	81.14±1.61ab	85.44±4.28a	y=100/(1+4.488e^0.2268^x)	0.91	-6.62	8
ts309	16.74±3.89a	20.38±4.72c	41.81±4.63d	87.12±5.40ab	91.02±0.91a	y=100/(1+7.668e^0.2799^x)	0.92	-7.28	5
ts312	18.62±0.90a	20.80±6.61c	37.48±4.30d	85.21±1.86ab	95.03±0.94a	y=100/(1+8.265e^0.2985^x)	0.91	-7.08	6
天油2238 Tianyou2238	18.94±1.05a	35.98±12.41bc	85.45±3.45a	91.34±3.55a	92.85±4.56a	y=100/(1+3.531e^0.2742^x)	0.90	-4.60	13
天油2266 Tianyou2266	15.29±1.52a	46.47±5.56ab	82.34±1.09ab	89.39±4.22ab	90.76±4.28a	y=100/(1+3.431e^0.2567^x)	0.90	-4.80	12
天油2288 Tianyou2288	15.14±3.50a	55.42±6.04a	83.39±1.72ab	88.79±5.01ab	91.27±3.65a	y=100/(1+2.986e^0.2498^x)	0.88	-4.38	14

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品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	耐寒系数（K）Anti-cold coefficient
品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	SOD	POD	CAT	Pro	MDA	LRWC
gau-1	1.405±0.076a	2.694±0.458a	1.691±0.348a	2.569±0.494a	1.684±0.013cd	0.819±0.067ab
天油14 Tianyou14	1.150±0.190a	1.830±0.227ab	1.318±0.227a	1.703±0.217abc	2.214±0.349abcd	0.806±0.024ab
16-2444	1.134±0.014a	1.846±0.269ab	1.334±0.359a	1.628±0.061bc	2.357±0.264abcd	0.772±0.054ab
17-2251	1.125±0.054a	1.826±0.344ab	1.278±0.202a	1.678±0.486abc	2.413±0.314abcd	0.767±0.055ab
gau-24	1.323±0.140a	2.526±0.529ab	1.621±0.258a	2.416±0.562ab	1.625±0.108d	0.805±0.023ab
gau-30	1.233±0.057a	2.287±0.408ab	1.566±0.267a	2.268±0.138abc	1.978±0.391bcd	0.840±0.068ab
gau-39	1.226±0.188a	2.102±0.597ab	1.529±0.092a	2.118±0.368abc	1.797±0.170cd	0.815±0.032ab
nts158	1.155±0.047a	1.977±0.217ab	1.324±0.190a	1.772±0.095abc	1.976±0.472bcd	0.813±0.050ab
npz269	1.115±0.113a	1.902±0.135ab	1.316±0.207a	1.721±0.036abc	2.047±0.031bcd	0.885±0.015a
ts309	1.197±0.126a	2.006±0.163ab	1.360±0.027a	1.975±0.385abc	1.842±0.164cd	0.825±0.062ab
ts312	1.183±0.115a	2.097±0.640ab	1.329±0.096a	1.766±0.089abc	2.035±0.338bcd	0.801±0.045ab
天油2238 Tianyou2238	1.098±0.138a	1.669±0.190ab	1.200±0.083a	1.482±0.076bc	2.657±0.339ab	0.781±0.038ab
天油2266 Tianyou2266	1.108±0.099a	1.715±0.096ab	1.241±0.083a	1.678±0.486abc	2.461±0.105abc	0.730±0.038b
天油2288 Tianyou2288	1.087±0.084a	1.611±0.110b	1.100±0.095a	1.369±0.104c	2.973±0.345a	0.710±0.044b

品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	隶属函数值Subordinative function ^a						综合评价值（D） Comprehensive evaluation value	抗寒性排序 Cold tolerance ranking
品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	μ(1)	μ(2)	μ(3)	μ(4)	μ(5)	μ(6)	综合评价值（D） Comprehensive evaluation value	抗寒性排序 Cold tolerance ranking
gau-1	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.956	1.000	0.990	1
天油14 Tianyou14	0.199	0.203	0.368	0.279	0.563	0.519	0.352	9
16-2444	0.149	0.217	0.397	0.216	0.457	0.405	0.307	10
17-2251	0.119	0.199	0.301	0.258	0.415	0.355	0.282	11
gau-24	0.742	0.845	0.881	0.873	1.000	0.745	0.876	2
gau-30	0.460	0.625	0.789	0.749	0.738	0.658	0.693	3
gau-39	0.437	0.453	0.726	0.625	0.872	0.620	0.644	4
nts158	0.214	0.338	0.378	0.336	0.740	0.546	0.439	7
npz269	0.091	0.269	0.365	0.293	0.687	0.545	0.388	8
ts309	0.346	0.365	0.439	0.505	0.839	0.599	0.534	5
ts312	0.304	0.449	0.387	0.331	0.696	0.586	0.463	6
天油2238 Tianyou2238	0.037	0.054	0.168	0.094	0.235	0.110	0.126	13
天油2266 Tianyou2266	0.067	0.096	0.239	0.258	0.380	0.323	0.236	12
天油2288 Tianyou2288	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	14
权重系数 Weighted value	0.099	0.201	0.157	0.242	0.230	0.071

品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	耐寒系数（K）Anti-cold coefficiency
品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	气孔孔隙长 Stomatal pore length	气孔孔隙宽 Stomatal pore width	气孔孔隙面积 Area of stomatal pore	气孔孔隙周长 Circumference of stomatal pore	气孔器长 Stomatal apparatus length	气孔器宽 Stomatal apparatus width	气孔器面积 Area of stomatal apparatus	气孔器周长 Circumference of stomatal apparatus	保卫细胞宽 Guard cell width	视野内气孔数 Number of pores in visual field	气孔开度 Stomatal aperture	气孔关闭率 Stomatal closure rate
gau-1	0.942	0.783	0.754	0.914	0.991	0.950	0.973	0.986	1.037	0.830	0.738	1.254
天油14 Tianyou14	1.016	0.982	0.994	1.007	1.011	1.009	1.025	1.013	1.017	1.060	0.998	0.993
16-2444	1.026	0.848	1.069	1.003	1.036	1.086	1.028	1.067	1.220	0.888	0.869	1.856
17-2251	0.919	0.742	0.732	0.909	0.934	0.901	0.854	0.925	0.959	1.228	0.682	1.434
gau-24	1.167	1.025	1.126	1.108	1.137	1.047	1.104	1.078	0.917	0.750	1.197	1.196
gau-30	0.870	0.891	0.779	0.874	0.935	0.963	0.903	0.942	0.980	1.368	0.775	0.887
gau-39	0.865	0.827	0.750	0.866	0.895	0.922	0.838	0.906	0.960	1.251	0.715	1.040
nts158	1.168	1.506	1.723	1.160	1.173	1.176	1.422	1.155	1.509	1.008	1.758	1.112
npz269	1.004	0.754	0.821	0.988	0.964	0.960	0.924	0.961	1.013	0.941	0.757	1.513
ts309	0.893	0.970	0.870	0.906	0.912	0.936	0.866	0.926	0.938	1.114	0.866	1.208
ts312	1.071	1.085	1.172	1.081	1.044	1.025	1.045	1.028	1.000	1.068	1.163	1.660
天油2238 Tianyou2238	0.984	0.995	0.985	0.987	0.984	1.005	0.976	0.987	1.013	1.158	0.979	0.900
天油2266 Tianyou2266	0.852	0.856	0.731	0.861	0.923	0.946	0.889	0.939	0.974	1.071	0.729	2.319
天油2288 Tianyou2288	0.814	0.716	0.651	0.823	0.842	0.785	0.674	0.830	0.803	1.294	0.583	2.171

指标Index	综合评价值（D）Comprehensive evaluation value	半致死温度 LT50
气孔孔隙长Stomatal pore length	0.253	-0.304
气孔孔隙宽Stomatal pore width	0.098	-0.240
气孔孔隙面积Area of stomatal pore	0.070	-0.196
气孔孔隙周长Circumference of stomatal pore	0.174	-0.265
气孔器长Stomatal apparatus length	0.332	-0.339
气孔器宽Stomatal apparatus width	0.228	-0.274
气孔器面积Area of stomatal apparatus	0.264	-0.316
气孔器周长Circumference of stomatal apparatus	0.283	-0.295
保卫细胞宽Guard cell width	0.039	-0.106
视野内气孔数Number of pores in visual field	-0.426	0.320
气孔开度Stomatal aperture	0.145	-0.265
气孔关闭率Stomatal closure rate	-0.481	0.533*

品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	耐寒系数（K）Anti-cold coefficiency
品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	气孔孔隙长Stomatal pore length	气孔孔隙宽Stomatal pore width	气孔孔隙面积 Area of stomatal pore	气孔孔隙周长Circumference of stomatal pore	气孔器长Stomatal apparatus length	气孔器宽Stomatal apparatus width	气孔器面积 Area of stomatal apparatus	气孔器周长Circumference of stomatal apparatus	保卫细胞宽 Guard cell width	视野内气孔数Number of pores in visual field	气孔开度Stomatal aperture	气孔关闭率Stomatal closure rate
gau-1	1.004	0.683	0.753	0.971	1.015	0.903	0.932	0.981	1.001	1.099	0.686	0.991
天油14 Tianyou14	0.926	0.824	0.810	0.930	0.922	0.941	0.879	0.937	0.998	1.160	0.763	1.094
16-2444	1.123	0.955	1.005	1.095	1.123	1.106	1.207	1.100	1.264	0.606	1.072	1.297
17-2251	0.887	0.843	0.774	0.887	0.896	0.915	0.828	0.904	0.910	1.136	0.748	1.201
gau-24	1.091	1.052	1.207	1.091	1.199	1.208	1.419	1.189	1.101	1.120	1.148	1.742
gau-30	1.053	1.050	1.130	1.063	1.096	1.048	1.152	1.080	1.008	0.812	1.106	0.427
gau-39	1.024	0.852	0.951	1.021	1.027	0.971	0.998	1.005	1.037	1.245	0.873	0.954
nts158	1.030	1.244	1.349	1.035	1.041	1.049	1.147	1.030	1.279	1.640	1.282	1.132
npz269	1.031	0.893	0.937	1.024	1.020	1.047	1.052	1.023	1.106	0.806	0.921	0.809
ts309	0.955	1.070	1.013	0.964	0.992	0.990	0.978	0.986	0.984	1.149	1.021	0.813
ts312	1.036	0.833	0.915	1.025	1.009	0.963	0.948	0.982	1.006	1.099	0.863	1.200
天油2238 Tianyou2238	0.905	0.859	0.807	0.906	0.975	0.994	0.958	0.979	1.045	1.482	0.778	2.937
天油2266 Tianyou2266	0.910	0.796	0.745	0.892	0.930	0.922	0.862	0.927	0.964	1.154	0.724	3.128
天油2288 Tianyou2288	0.851	0.736	0.674	0.850	0.872	0.808	0.715	0.853	0.82	1.352	0.626	1.991

Correlation Between Stomatal Characteristics and Cold Resistance of Brassica napus L.

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品种（系） Variety (<BOLD>L</BOLD>ine)	样本数量Sample size
	24℃		0℃ 1 h		0℃ 12 h
	测量气孔数量 Measure the quantity	观测视野数量 Number of visual field	测量气孔数量 Measure the quantity	观测视野数量 Number of visual field	测量气孔数量 Measure the quantity	观测视野数量 Number of visual field
gau-1	108	9	46	9	138	9
天油14 Tianyou14	114	9	100	9	112	9
16-2444	177	9	67	9	67	9
17-2251	118	9	156	9	138	9
gau-24	196	9	141	9	152	9
gau-30	133	9	145	9	96	9
gau-39	103	9	88	9	140	9
nts158	142	9	141	9	133	9
npz269	130	9	135	9	82	9
ts309	124	9	99	9	146	9
ts312	153	9	135	9	163	9
天油2238 Tianyou2238	130	9	159	9	187	9
天油2266 Tianyou2266	159	9	98	9	106	9
天油2288 Tianyou2288	66	9	111	9	83	9

指标 Index	因子载荷Factor loading			权重系数Weighted value
指标 Index	成分1 Factor1	成分2 Factor2	成分3 Factor3	成分1 Factor1	成分2 Factor2	成分3 Factor3
气孔孔隙长Stomatal pore length	0.916	-0.311	0.024	0.314	-0.248	0.024
气孔孔隙宽Stomatal pore width	0.763	0.525	-0.264	0.261	0.418	-0.262
气孔孔隙面积Area of stomatal pore	0.901	0.363	-0.210	0.308	0.289	-0.208
气孔孔隙周长Circumference of stomatal pore	0.952	-0.229	-0.045	0.326	-0.182	-0.045
气孔器长Stomatal apparatus length	0.941	-0.152	0.207	0.322	-0.121	0.205
气孔器宽Stomatal apparatus width	0.936	0.029	0.246	0.320	0.023	0.244
气孔器面积Area of stomatal apparatus	0.965	0.017	0.203	0.330	0.014	0.201
气孔器周长Circumference of stomatal apparatus	0.952	-0.107	0.223	0.326	-0.085	0.221
保卫细胞宽Guard cell width	0.810	0.172	0.099	0.277	0.137	0.098
视野内气孔数Number of pores in visual field	-0.337	0.857	-0.003	-0.115	0.683	-0.003
气孔开度Stomatal aperture	0.924	0.298	-0.183	0.316	0.237	-0.181
气孔关闭率Stomatal closure rate	-0.411	0.363	0.815	-0.141	0.289	0.808
特征值Eigenvalue	8.530	1.575	1.018
贡献率Contribution rate (%)	71.080	13.128	8.482
累积贡献率Cumulative contribution rate (%)	71.080	84.208	92.690

品种（系） Variety <BOLD>(L</BOLD>ine)	隶属函数值Subordinative function ^a												综合评价值（Z） Comprehensive evaluation value	抗寒性排序 Cold tolerance ranking
品种（系） Variety <BOLD>(L</BOLD>ine)	μ(1)	μ(2)	μ(3)	μ(4)	μ(5)	μ(6)	μ(7)	μ(8)	μ(9)	μ(10)	μ(11)	μ(12)	综合评价值（Z） Comprehensive evaluation value	抗寒性排序 Cold tolerance ranking
gau-1	0.564	0.000	0.116	0.493	0.436	0.239	0.308	0.381	0.395	0.524	0.091	0.791	0.686	10
天油14 tianyou14	0.276	0.251	0.201	0.328	0.154	0.333	0.233	0.251	0.388	0.465	0.209	0.753	0.607	11
16-2444	1.000	0.485	0.490	1.000	0.768	0.747	0.699	0.735	0.967	1.000	0.681	0.678	1.730	3
17-2251	0.133	0.285	0.148	0.151	0.074	0.267	0.162	0.151	0.197	0.487	0.186	0.713	0.413	13
gau-24	0.884	0.657	0.790	0.987	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.613	0.503	0.796	0.513	2.015	1
gau-30	0.741	0.654	0.675	0.871	0.685	0.602	0.622	0.678	0.409	0.801	0.731	1.000	1.534	4
gau-39	0.636	0.302	0.410	0.699	0.473	0.408	0.402	0.452	0.473	0.383	0.376	0.805	1.055	7
nts158	0.658	1.000	1.000	0.757	0.517	0.603	0.615	0.527	1.000	0.000	1.000	0.739	1.761	2
npz269	0.660	0.375	0.390	0.710	0.452	0.599	0.478	0.507	0.623	0.807	0.449	0.859	1.203	5
ts309	0.381	0.689	0.502	0.465	0.366	0.456	0.374	0.396	0.358	0.475	0.603	0.857	1.061	6
ts312	0.678	0.268	0.357	0.717	0.418	0.388	0.331	0.384	0.406	0.523	0.361	0.714	0.977	8
天油2238 tianyou2238	0.199	0.314	0.196	0.228	0.314	0.465	0.346	0.374	0.49	0.153	0.231	0.071	0.734	9
天油2266 tianyou2266	0.215	0.201	0.105	0.170	0.178	0.286	0.209	0.222	0.314	0.470	0.149	0.000	0.473	12
天油2288 tianyou2288	0.000	0.094	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.279	0.000	0.421	0.025	14

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