Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (10): 1686-1697.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.10.003

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristic and Interaction Between Agronomic Traits of Winter Wheat and Precipitation of Growth Period in Huang-Huai Dryland

LI ShiJing1,2,XU Ping1,ZHANG ZhengBin1,3,4(),WEI YunZong5   

  1. 1 Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021
    2 College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    3 College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    4 The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
    5 Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linfen 041000, Shanxi
  • Received:2018-12-08 Accepted:2019-03-06 Online:2019-05-16 Published:2019-05-23
  • Contact: ZhengBin ZHANG E-mail:zzb@sjziam.ac.cn

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Abstract:

【Objective】This article was to study the spatial-temporal distribution and interaction between agronomic traits of winter wheat and precipitation of growth period, and to provide a theoretical basis for variety improvement of winter wheat in Huang-Huai dryland under climate change.【Method】The data of agronomic traits and precipitation of the national regional trials of Huang-Huai dryland from 2010 to 2017 were used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution and interaction by geographic methods and statistical methods.【Result】In terms of spatial distribution, the actual yield per unit area and 1000-kernel weight of winter wheat showed an increasing trend from west barren dryland to east fertile dryland. The plant height showed higher in the west barren dryland and lower in the middle and east fertile dryland. The total precipitation of different growth stages in the north of central and eastern Huang-Huai dryland was generally low, the south of central and eastern Huang-Huai dryland relatively high. In terms of time change, the total precipitation of germination to maturity period in the central and western dryland of Henan, Shanxi and Shaanxi showed a significant increasing trend. The total precipitation of germination to heading period was significantly positively correlated with actual yield, plant height, and number of effective ears. The results of path analysis showed that the plant height and the number of effective ears determined 53.2% of the actual yield variation in Huang-Huai fertile dryland, and the plant height and 1000-kernel weight determined 67% of the actual yield variation in Huang-Huai barren dryland. 【Conclusion】 It was suggested that winter wheat breeding in Huang-Huai fertile dryland should increase plant height appropriately, improve the ability of efficient use of limited precipitation before flowering and increase ear development. Huang-Huai barren dryland breeding should stabilize plant height and improve the efficiency of transporting dry matter after flowering and harvest index.

Key words: Huang-Huai dryland, winter wheat, agronomic traits, precipitation of germination-maturity, spatial-temporal distribution

Fig. 1

The distribution of pilot sites of winter wheat in Huang-Huai dryland"

Fig. 2

The region distribution of wheat agronomic traits in Huang-Huai dryland u represents the average of 21 pilot sites in Huang-Huai dryland from 2010 to 2017. · represents the average of individual pilot sites from 2010 to 2017. The same as below"

Fig. 3

The region distribution of precipitation of growth period in Huang-Huai dryland"

Table 1

Interannual trend of agronomic traits of wheat and precipitation of growth period in Huang-Huai dryland"

麦区
Wheat area		 省份
Province		 区试点
Regional test site		 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9
黄淮旱薄地 Huang-Huai barren dryland 山西 Shanxi 阳城 Yangcheng + +
黄淮旱薄地 Huang-Huai barren dryland 河南 Henan 林州 Linzhou + + + +
黄淮旱薄地 Huang-Huai barren dryland 河南 Henan 三门峡 Sanmenxia + +
黄淮旱薄地 Huang-Huai barren dryland 甘肃 Gansu 天水 Tianshui + + +
黄淮旱肥地 Huang-Huai fertile dryland 河南 Henan 汝州 Ruzhou + + +
黄淮旱肥地 Huang-Huai fertile dryland 河北 Hebei 沧州 Cangzhou -
黄淮旱肥地 Huang-Huai fertile dryland 河北 Hebei 衡水 Hengshui +
黄淮旱肥地 Huang-Huai fertile dryland 陕西 Shaanxi 长武 Changwu + +
黄淮旱肥地 Huang-Huai fertile dryland 陕西 Shaanxi 渭南 Weinan +
黄淮旱肥地 Huang-Huai fertile dryland 山西 Shanxi 泽州 Zezhou + + +
黄淮旱肥地 Huang-Huai fertile dryland 山西 Shanxi 绛县 Jiangxian - +

Fig. 4

The change of kernels per ear of wheat from 2010 to 2017 in Huang-Huai dryland"

Fig. 5

The change of 1000-kernel weight of wheat from 2010 to 2017 in Huang-Huai dryland"

Fig. 6

The change of precipitation of germination to maturity period from 2010 to 2017 in Huang-Huai dryland"

Table 2

Correlation analysis between agronomic traits of wheat and precipitation of growth period in Huang-Huai dryland"

麦区
Wheat area		 性状
Trait		 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9
黄淮旱肥地
Huang-Huai fertile
dryland		 X1 0.687** 0.563** 0.422** 0.042 0.602** 0.502** 0.559** 0.091
X2 0.514** 0.382** 0.126 0.606** 0.587** 0.577** 0.213
X3 0.307** -0.264* 0.809** 0.346** 0.448** -0.023
X4 -0.092 0.697** 0.286* 0.276* 0.110
X5 0.083 -0.086 -0.148 0.056
X6 0.386** 0.427** 0.073
X7 0.813** 0.596**
X8 0.018
黄淮旱薄地
Huang-Huai barren
dryland		 X1 0.788** 0.592** 0.409** 0.301* 0.612** 0.232 0.403** -0.122
X2 0.669** 0.392** 0.098 0.618** 0.422** 0.627** -0.091
X3 0.166 0.005 0.701** 0.325** 0.463** -0.046
X4 0.178 0.684** 0.191 0.238 0.014
X5 0.463** -0.034 -0.047 0.003
X6 0.316* 0.392** 0.027
X7 0.793** 0.649**
X8 0.052

Table 3

Regression analysis of actual yield of wheat and other traits in Huang-Huai dryland"

麦区 Wheat area 最优回归模型 Optimal regression model
黄淮旱肥地 Huang-Huai fertile dryland X1=0.056X2+0.003X3-0.193 (F=40.867, P=0.000, R2=0.532)
黄淮旱薄地 Huang-Huai barren dryland X1=0.054X2+0.052X5-1.978 (F=61.988, P=0.000, R2=0.670)

Fig. 7

Relationship between agronomic traits of winter wheat and precipitation from germination to heading in Huang-Huai dry land → indicates the causal relationship, the number on it is the path coefficient; ? indicates the correlation, the number on it is the correlation coefficient, * and ** indicate significant correlation at 0.05 and 0.01 levels, respectively. A is the Huang-Huai fertile dry land, and B is the Huang-Huai barren dry land"

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