中国稻田土壤有机质时空变化及其驱动因素

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.12.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Spatio-temporal variation characteristics of soil organic matter (SOM) in paddy fields were evaluated in China, which would provide support for the improving the quality of cultivated land, adjustment of planting structure and climate change. 【Method】 The characteristics of SOM change and its driving factors were analyzed based on 338 national long-term monitoring sites, which were carried out in different rice planting regions from 1988 to 2017. The effects of SOM on soil bulk density were also studied. 【Result】 The SOM content of the paddy field in China increased by 3.49 g·kg^-1 in averaged in the past 30 years, which was increased at the rate of 0.09-0.12 g·kg^-1 annually. The average increased rate of SOM content ranked from high to low were Middle of Yangtze River region (MYR), South of China (SC), Northeast of China (NE), Southwest of China (SW) and Lower of Yangtze River (LYR). The average SOM content of the paddy field was 32.4 g·kg^-1 in China at present, which was highest in MYR, followed by SC, NE, SW and LYR. The SOM content were responded by climate, soil types, nitrogen (N) fertilizer input, and cropping system. There was a significantly negative correlation relationship between SOM content and annual mean temperature in SW region and high latitude regions (P<0.05), and it was a positive correlation relationship in East region and low latitudes region (P<0.05). The average SOM content in gleyic paddy soil was significantly higher than that in other types of paddy soil. N fertilizer input at 200-300 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1 was conducive to SOM accumulation. There was strong response between soil bulk density and SOM, plough layer depth and SOM significantly (P<0.01). 【Conclusion】 The SOM content of the paddy field in China showed an upward trend in the past 30 years. The average increased rate of SOM content annually showed an increasing trend from South to North of China. The average annual temperature, annual precipitation, paddy soil types and nitrogen fertilizer application were the main driving factors to the SOM content of paddy field in China.

Key words: paddy soil, SOM, national cultivated land monitoring sites, driving factor, nitrogen fertilizer applied rate, China

LI DongChu,HUANG Jing,MA ChangBao,XUE YanDong,GAO JuSheng,WANG BoRen,ZHANG YangZhu,LIU KaiLou,HAN TianFu,ZHANG HuiMin. Spatio-Temporal Variations of Soil Organic Matter in Paddy Soil and Its Driving Factors in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(12): 2410-2422.

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References 56

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稻作区域 Rice cultivation region	省份 Province	水稻种植面积 Rice cultivation area (×10⁴ hm²)	有机质含量 SOM content (g·kg^-1)				样本数 No. of samples
稻作区域 Rice cultivation region	省份 Province	水稻种植面积 Rice cultivation area (×10⁴ hm²)	平均含量 SOM	最低含量 Min.	最高含量 Max	中位数 Median	样本数 No. of samples
东北NE	黑龙江Heilongjiang	394.9	34.4	30.0	39.5	34.1	4
	吉林Jilin	82.1	34.1	26.7	51.6	33.1	6
	辽宁Liaoning	49.3	26.3	11.9	30.2	26.4	8
	平均 Mean	526.2	33.6	11.9	51.6	30.1	18
长江中游MYR	湖北Hubei	236.8	29.1	17.7	41.1	27.9	19
	湖南Hunan	423.9	38.7	16.9	65.0	36.7	41
	江西Jiangxi	350.5	34.7	16.5	50.9	34.7	51
	平均 Mean	1011.2	35.1	16.5	65.0	33.7	111
长江下游LYR	安徽Anhui	260.5	24.5	13.1	38.1	26.3	29
	江苏Jiangsu	223.8	26.0	16.6	39.7	25.0	37
	上海Shanghai	10.4	22.9	20.0	25.8	22.9	2
	浙江Zhejiang	78.4	33.4	13.7	63.8	37.3	14
	平均Mean	573.1	26.3	13.1	63.8	26.3	82
西南SW	贵州Guizhou	67.8	37.3	35.4	40.8	37.0	3
	四川Sichuan	187.5	26.1	17.3	44.2	25.1	29
	云南Yunnan	87.1	38.0	26.2	50.2	33.0	7
	重庆Chongqing	65.9	29.0	23.8	36.0	29.8	8
	平均Mean	408.2	31.0	17.3	50.2	29.5	47
华南SC	福建Fujian	76.9	30.1	20.9	40.0	29.3	14
	广东Guangdong	180.5	35.3	15.2	51.3	32.3	35
	广西Guangxi	152.7	36.4	13.4	56.3	33.9	13
	海南Hainan	18.0	22.9	11.3	33.4	23.5	18
	平均Mean	428.2	34.2	11.3	56.3	29.0	80
全国National		2946.9	32.4	11.3	65.0	29.4	338

Spatio-Temporal Variations of Soil Organic Matter in Paddy Soil and Its Driving Factors in China

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