蔬菜土传病原菌三重PCR检测体系的建立与应用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.12.005

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study is to establish a triplex PCR system for the detection of Pythium aphanidermatum, Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae, and to provide technology and method for early diagnosis and identification of soil-borne diseases of vegetables.【Method】Three sets of specific primers were selected to analyze the influencing factors of triplex PCR and the primer concentration, annealing temperature, amplification cycles and extension time of PCR reaction were optimized. The best triplex PCR detection system for vegetable soil-borne pathogenic fungi was established and the sensitivity of the system was detected. In order to test the stability of the system, 2×Taq Master PCR Mix (Beijing Biomed Co. Ltd) and TaKaRa Taq enzyme (TaKaRa Biotechnology Dalian Co. Ltd) were used by C1000 Touch ^TM (Thermo Fisher Scientific Co. Ltd) and Aeris ^TM type (Esco Micro Pte Ltd) thermal cycle meter for amplification. The triplex PCR and pathogen isolation and detection of 35 disease samples and 149 soil samples collected in the field were carried out to determine the applicability of the triplex PCR detection system.【Result】In the triplex PCR detection system, the specific target fragments of P. aphanidermatum, F. oxysporum and V. dahliae with the length of 163, 328 and 530 bp could be amplified by AsAPH2B/AsPyF, FOF1/FOR1, VActF/VActR, respectively. The 25 μL reaction system contained 0.12 μmol·L ^-1 AsAPH2B/AsPyF, 0.16 μmol·L ^-1 FOF1/FOR1, 0.24 μmol·L ^-1 VActF/VActR, 2×Taq Master PCR Mix 12.5 μL. The annealing temperature was 60.8℃ and the number of cycles was 35. The detection limitation was 10 ^-1ng·μL ^-1for pure culture of pathogens. For artificially infected substrate, the detection limitations were 10 ⁵, 10 ⁶ spores/g and 10 ^-2 mg hyphae/g for V. dahliae, F. oxysporum and P. aphanidermatum, respectively. The results were consistent of 2×Taq Master PCR Mix and TaKaRa Taq enzyme, which were amplified by C1000 Touch ^TM and Aeris ^TM type thermal cycle meter. It meant that the triplex PCR system was stable. The infected tissues and soil samples collected in the field were detected, and 25 tissues and 71 soil samples were detected for carrying pathogen, which were consistent with the results of isolation and culture.【Conclusion】The triplex PCR detection system established in this study has the characteristics of high sensitivity, stability and reproducibility, and can be used for rapid and accurate detection of P. aphanidermatum, F. oxysporum and V. dahliae in the infected plant and the surrounding soil. It provides an effective technical means for early prevention and epidemic monitoring of vegetable soil-borne diseases.

Key words: vegetable, triplex PCR, soil-borne disease, Pythium aphanidermatum, Fusarium oxysporum, Verticillium dahliae

LIU RuiChi,CHENG YouPu,CHAI ALi,SHI YanXia,XIE XueWen, PATIGULI,LI BaoJu. Establishment and Application of a Triplex PCR Detection System for Vegetable Soil-Borne Pathogens[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(12): 2069-2078.

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Table 4

Identification of diseases samples in different areas by triplex PCR"

采样时间 Sampling time	采样地点 Sampling site	寄主 Host	疑似病害 Suspected disease	采样部位 Sampling position	三重PCR Triple PCR	分离培养 Isolated culture	样本数量 Number of samples
2017-12-09	浙江苍南 Cangnan, Zhejiang	茄子Eggplant	黄萎病Verticillium wilt	茎基Stem	+	V. dahliae	4
				土壤Soil	+	V. dahliae	4
2018-01-16	山东寿光 Shouguang, Shandong	黄瓜Cucumber	枯萎病Fusarium wilt	茎基Stem	+	F. oxysporum	1
				土壤Soil	+	F. oxysporum	1
2018-03-15	浙江苍南 Cangnan, Zhejiang	黄瓜Cucumber	枯萎病Fusarium wilt	茎基Stem	+	F. oxysporum	1
				土壤Soil	+	F. oxysporum	1
2018-03-20	山东寿光 Shouguang, Shandong	黄瓜Cucumber	根腐病Root rot	茎基Stem	+	P. aphanidermatum	2
				土壤Soil	+	P. aphanidermatum	2
2018	浙江苍南 Cangnan, Zhejiang	黄瓜Cucumber	枯萎病Fusarium wilt	茎基Stem	+	F. oxysporum	2
				土壤Soil	+	F. oxysporum	2
2018-10-21	山东寿光 Shouguang, Shandong	黄瓜Cucumber	根腐病Root rot	茎基Stem	+	P. aphanidermatum	1
				土壤Soil	+	P. aphanidermatum	1
2018-10-21	山东寿光 Shouguang, Shandong	黄瓜Cucumber	根腐病Root rot	茎基Stem	-	—	1
				土壤Soil	-	—	1
2018-03-15	浙江苍南 Cangnan, Zhejiang	黄瓜Cucumber	枯萎病Fusarium wilt	茎基Stem	-	—	1
				土壤Soil	-	—	1
2018-03-20	山东寿光 Shouguang, Shandong	黄瓜Cucumber	根腐病Root rot	茎基Stem	-	—	1
				土壤Soil	-	—	1
2018-08-31	新疆喀什 Kashi, Xinjiang	甜瓜Muskmelon	枯萎病Fusarium wilt	茎基Stem		F. oxysporum	11
				茎基Stem	-	—	4
2019-01-02	辽宁绥中 Suizhong, Liaoning	黄瓜Cucumber	枯萎病Fusarium wilt	茎基Stem	+	F. oxysporum	3
				茎基Stem	-	—	3
2017-2018	浙江苍南 Cangnan, Zhejiang	—	—	土壤Soil	-	—	48
				土壤Soil	+	F. oxysporum	12
				土壤Soil	+	V. dahliae	12
2018	山东寿光 Shouguang, Shandong	—	—	土壤Soil	-	—	27
				土壤Soil	+	V. dahliae	3
				土壤Soil	+	F. oxysporum	6
				土壤Soil	+	P. aphanidermatum	12
2018-08-24	宁夏平罗 Pingluo, Ningxia	—	—	土壤Soil	+	P. aphanidermatum	9
2018-08-24	浙江永康 Yongkang, Zhejiang	—	—	土壤Soil	+	P. aphanidermatum	6

Table 4

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病原菌 Pathogen	寄主 Host	菌株编号 Strain number	引物 Primer
病原菌 Pathogen	寄主 Host	菌株编号 Strain number	AsAPH2B/AsPyF	FOF1/FOR1	VActF/VActR
瓜果腐霉P. aphanidermatum	番茄Tomato	FQ15092209	+	-	-
尖镰孢F. oxysporum	黄瓜Cucumber	HG12090201	-	+	-
大丽轮枝菌V. dahliae	茄子Eggplant	QZ12061103	-	-	+
茄镰孢F. solani	黄瓜Cucumber	HG14060601	-	-	-
茄镰孢F. solani	芹菜Celery	QC15061008	-	-	-
核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	青花菜Broccoli	QHC18032301	-	-	-
核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	茄子Eggplant	QZ11102201	-	-	-
辣椒疫霉Phytophthora capsici	辣椒Pepper	LJ12010805	-	-	-
辣椒疫霉Phytophthora capsici	辣椒Pepper	LJ18081001	-	-	-
灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea	番茄Tomato	FQ11051301	-	-	-
灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea	黄瓜Cucumber	HG11021509	-	-	-
立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani	白菜Chinese cabbage	BC16052001	-	-	-
立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani	生菜Lettuce	SC16052001	-	-	-
茄科劳尔氏菌Ralstonia solanacearum	番茄Tomato	FQ12080802	-	-	-
茄科劳尔氏菌Ralstonia solanacearum	番茄Tomato	FQ16060706	-	-	-
胡萝卜果胶杆菌Pectobacterterium carotovorum	黄瓜Cucumber	HG1501503604	-	-	-
胡萝卜果胶杆菌Pectobacterterium carotovorum	白菜Chinese cabbage	BC18082306	-	-	-
密执安棒形杆菌密执安亚种 Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis	番茄Tomato	FQ18082408	-	-	-
	番茄Tomato	FQ18082410	-	-	-

病原菌Pathogen	序列Sequence (5′-3′)	产物大小Product length (bp)	参考文献Reference
瓜果腐霉 P. aphanidermatum	AsAPH2B: GCGCGTTGTTCACAATAAATTGC	163	[19]
瓜果腐霉 P. aphanidermatum	AsPyF: CTGTTCTTTCCTTGAGGTG	163	[19]
尖镰孢F. oxysporum	FOF1: ACATACCACTTGTTGCCTCG	328	[20]
尖镰孢F. oxysporum	FOR1: CGCCAATCAATTTGAGGAACG	328	[20]
大丽轮枝菌V. dahliae	VActF: TAATTCACAATGGAGGGTAGG	530	[21]
大丽轮枝菌V. dahliae	VActR: GTAAGGATACCACGCTTGG	530	[21]

病原菌Pathogen	GenBank登录号 GenBank accession number	同源性Homology rate (Blastn) (%)
瓜果腐霉P. aphanidermatum	KU211462.1	99
尖镰孢F. oxysporum	KU528856.1	99
大丽轮枝菌V. dahliae	KU057923.1	99

Establishment and Application of a Triplex PCR Detection System for Vegetable Soil-Borne Pathogens

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