病毒诱导基因沉默在蔬菜作物上应用的研究进展

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.10.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Recently, the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) as a reverse genetics tool is used for gene function analysis. Due to its advantages of simple construction, low cost and short cycle, VIGS technology has been extensively and deeply studied in the field of functional genomics. VIGS technology, as a fast, effective, high-throughout new technology, has played an important role in research of vegetable functional genes in plant development processes, disease resistance, stress resistance, biosynthesis and metabolic regulation. Herein, it is of great significance to excavate new genes and identify the function of disease resistance, stress resistance genes, crop improvement and molecular breeding by using VIGS technology. Many VIGS systems with virus as vector have been successfully established in vegetable crops, but they still have some shortcomings. With the in-depth exploration of the mechanism of VIGS and the continuous development of virus vectors, VIGS has been applied to a wider range of vegetable crops. This paper reviewed the current status and research progresses of gene function of eggplant, melons and leafy vegetables based on VIGS technology in recent years, and the mechanism of VIGS technology, the application of virus vector and the progress of VIGS technology was briefly analyzed. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of VIGS technology, RNA interference (RNAi) and current CRISP/CAS9 technology were compared and analyzed. It focused on the application of VIGS technology in vegetable fruit development and disease resistance, and the latest progresses of VIGS technology in vegetable crop metabolic regulation, hormone regulation, biotic and abiotic stress responses were summarized. The cases of studying target genes function and silencing phenotypes of solanaceous, melon, leafy and legume vegetables by VIGS were listed. Finally, the problems and deficiencies of VIGS technology in studying gene function of vegetable crops were summarized, such as lack of suitable VIGS vector, lack of effective virus vector infection method, difficulty in systematic silencing in some tissues, low silencing efficiency, inherent limitations of VIGS, etc. At the same time, the future research directions of VIGS technology in the development of virus vectors with higher specificity and stability, selection of efficient gene fragments, and establishment of virus vectors suitable for more host range were proposed. The application foreground of gene function analysis, improvement, molecular breeding of vegetable crops and production not carrying exogenous gene of vegetable varieties by VIGS technique was prospected. This review would provide a guidance and give ideas for future studies on the growth and development of vegetable crops, secondary metabolism and adversity stress related gene function research and breakthrough in the key factors restricting VIGS technique.

Key words: gene silencing, VIGS, vegetable, gene function

LI Jie,LUO JiangHong,YANG Ping. Research Advances of Applying Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Vegetables[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(10): 2154-2166.

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Figures/Tables 2

Table 1

List of genes silenced by VIGS and the phenotype observed in solanaceous vegetable"

物种 Species	靶基因 Target gene	载体 Vector	功能 Function	沉默表型 Silencing phenotype	参考文献 Reference
番茄 Tomato	KAS III, KAS IV/II-like	TRV	酰基糖代谢 Acyl glucose metabolism	直链脂肪酸减少 Reduced straight-chain fatty acids	[36]
番茄 Tomato	SlSWEET1	TRV	糖的转运 Sugar transport	己糖含量降低 Decreased hexose	[37]
辣椒 Pepper	CaMYB108	TRV	辣椒素合成 Capsaicin synthesis	花粉延迟开裂 Delayed pollen cracking	[38]
辣椒 Pepper	pAMT	ALSV	辣椒素合成 Capsaicin synthesis	辣椒素含量降低 Capsaicin content decreased	[39]
番茄 Tomato	SLAR	TRV	类胡萝卜素合成 Carotenoids synthesis	类胡萝卜素含量降低 Carotenoids content decreased	[40]
茄子 Eggplant	PDS, CHLI, CHLH	TRV	镁螯合酶 Magnesium chelatase	叶片发黄 Foliage yellowing	[41]
茄子 Eggplant	CHS	TRV	类黄酮的合成 Flavonoids synthesis	果实颜色变浅,果实弯曲 Changed fruit color and fruit curved	[42]
番茄 Tomato	SlILL	TRV	生长素合成 Auxin synthesis	加速离层 Accelerate the abscission layer	[43]
番茄 Tomato	LeCTR1	TRV	乙烯合成 Ethylene synthesis	叶片弯曲减轻 Reduced leaf curve	[44]
番茄 Tomato	DEK	TRV	抗病性 Disease resistance	抗病性减弱 Attenuates disease resistance	[45]
茄子	SPDS	TRV	抗枯萎病 Resistant to wilt	抗病性减弱 Attenuates disease resistance	[46]
辣椒 Pepper	CaPHL8	TRV	青枯病 Bacterial wilt	抗病性减弱 Attenuates disease resistance	[47]
番茄 Tomato	SAHH1, MS1, GAD2	TRV	青枯病 Bacterial wilt	抗病性减弱 Attenuates disease resistance	[48]
番茄 Tomato	ShORR-1	TRV	白粉病 Powdery mildew	叶片病斑增多 Leaf lesions increased	[49]
辣椒 Pepper	CaWRKY45, CaWRKY58	TRV	抗病和抗旱 Resistance to disease and drought	抗性减弱 Attenuates disease resistance	[50]
番茄 Tomato	ABC-C6, ABC-G33	TRV	根系分泌 The root secretion	根结线虫减少 Reduced nematodes	[51]
茄子 Eggplant	NBS-LRR	TRV	根结线虫 Nematodes	抗病性减弱 Attenuates disease resistance	[52]
辣椒 Pepper	CaWRKY27	TRV	盐胁迫 Salt stress	抗性减弱 Attenuates resistance	[53]
番茄 Tomato	GSTU43	TRV	抗低温性 Chilling resistance	抗性减弱 Attenuates resistance	[54]
辣椒 Pepper	CaDIF1, CaDIS1	TRV	脱落酸和干旱胁迫 ABA and drought stress	气孔增大,蒸腾增加 Stomata and transpiration increases	[55]
番茄 Tomato	MYB80	TRV	抗低温 Chilling stress	抗低温减弱 Attenuates chilling resistance	[56]

Table 1

Table 2

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物种 Species	靶基因 Target gene	载体 Vector	功能 Function	沉默表型 Silencing phenotype	参考文献 Reference
黄瓜 Cucumber	GPAT6	TRV	不饱和脂肪酸的合成 Unsaturated fatty acids synthesis	抗性增强 Enhanced resistance	[62]
甜瓜 Muskmelon	LOX10	TRV	脂氧合酶合成 Lipoxygenase synthesis	细胞程序性死亡 Programmed cell death	[63]
菠菜 Spinach	GAL	BCTV	调控开花 Regulation flowering	雌花结构改变 Changed female flower	[64]
叶用莴苣 Leaf lettuce	Hsp70	TRV	耐热性 Thermotolerance	茎伸长 Stem elongation	[65]
白菜 Chinese Cabbage	BrAN3, BrBRM	TYMV	细胞伸长 Cell elongation	叶片卷曲,小叶增多 Leaf curled and increased	[66]
豌豆 Pea	CHLI	PEBV	叶绿素的合成 Chlorophyll synthesis	叶片发黄 Leaf yellowing	[67]
豌豆 Pea	PsPIP2	PEBV	水通道蛋白合成 Aquaporin synthesis	叶片和根系衰退 Organ declines of leaf and root	[68]

Research Advances of Applying Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Vegetables

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