Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (21): 4169-4176.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.21.015

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• SPECIAL FOCUS: SWINE FEVER AND AFRICAN SWINE FEVER • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Eradication of Classical Swine Fever in China: Is It Far Away?

Yuan SUN(),HuaJi QIU()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150069
  • Received:2018-01-24 Accepted:2018-05-04 Online:2018-11-01 Published:2018-11-01
  • Contact: Yuan SUN,HuaJi QIU E-mail:sunyuan@caas.cn;qiuhuaji@caas.cn

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Abstract:

Classical swine fever (CSF), caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV), is one of the most devastating diseases to the pig industry worldwide from both economic and sanitary points of view. CSF is notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and classified as a List-I animal infectious disease in China. The National Middle- to Long-Term Plan for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases (2012-2020) has listed CSF as one of five priority animal diseases to be prevented. C-strain, a lapinized attenuated live vaccine developed by Chinese scientists in the 1950s, is highly safe and efficacious, which plays an important role in the control and eradication of CSF all over the world. Up to now, CSF has been eradicated in more than 30 countries and regions in the world. CSF has a high consequence on the pork industry in China. Therefore, we must be committed to eradicate CSF in China. In the middle of the last century, China had put forward a strategy to eradicate CSF. Now sixty years have passed, however, CSF is still endemic in most parts of China. Some factors seriously restrict the eradication of CSF in China, such as vast territory, complex pig-raising environment, diversified pig-raising modes, various animal diseases, and low-level biosecurity measures, etc. At present, China has entered a new era, the overall national strength has grown considerably, the breeding industry is developing towards a scientific, large-scale and environment-friendly direction, and the scientific research is being gradually improved. The current prevalence of CSF is pretty low and the vaccine manufacturing technologies are being improved. New CSF marker vaccines and companion differential diagnosis techniques have been developed. Some pig-raising enterprises in China are also aware of the importance and significance of the eradication of CSF. The government is also actively taking actions to formulate corresponding regulations and policies and to organize farmers, pig-raising enterprises and veterinary administrative departments to carry out local CSF eradication. All these make the eradication of CSF possible and practical. This review summarized the recent situation concerning CSF in China and the world. The importance of the eradication of CSF in China and the favorable and unfavorable conditions for the eradication of CSF were discussed. The cost and benefit of the eradication of CSF in China was also analyzed. This review also summarized the eradication experiences of CSF in Europe and USA and discussed the ideas and plans for the eradication of CSF in China. Considering its historical inevitability, strategic necessity, realistic possibility, and technical feasibility, we believe that the eventual eradication of CSF in China is never so far away from us.

Key words: classical swine fever, classical swine fever virus, eradication, China

Table 1

Global distribution of CSFV subgenotypes"

猪瘟病毒基因型
Genotypes of CSFV		 国家
Countries
1.1 阿根廷、巴西、哥伦比亚、墨西哥、意大利、俄罗斯、印度、中国
Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Italy, Russia Federation, India, China
1.3 洪都拉斯、危地马拉Honduras, Guatemala
1.4 古巴Cuba
2.1 南非、德国、荷兰、意大利、西班牙、比利时、克罗地亚、立陶宛、以色列、印度、韩国、中国、老挝
South Africa, Germany, The Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Croatia, Lithuania, Israel, India, South Korea, China, Laos
2.2 德国、意大利、捷克、马其顿、印度、尼泊尔、老挝、中国
Germany, Italy, Czech Republic, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, India, Nepal, Laos, China
2.3 意大利、克罗地亚、法国、罗马尼亚、保加利亚、塞尔维亚、斯洛伐克、捷克、俄罗斯、中国
Italy, Croatia, France, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Russia Federation, China
3.2 韩国South Korea
3.4 中国台湾Taiwan of China

Table 2

The procedure and cost of CSF vaccine immunization"

类别
Classes		 免疫次数（次）
Vaccination times (times)		 免疫剂量（头份）
Immunizing dose (unit per pig)		 疫苗成本1)（元）
Cost of vaccine (RMB)		 人工成本1)（元）
Cost of labor (RMB)
母猪Sow 2-4 4 3200 200
仔猪Piglets 2 2 38400 960
公猪Boar 2-4 4 100 80
合计Total 41700 1240

Fig. 1

Diagram of classical swine fever eradication by using marker vaccines"

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