Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to identify the difference of transcriptome of peach fruit moth (Carposina sasakii) adults under the stress of chlorantraniliprole, and describe biological characteristics involved in functional classifications and metabolic pathways, which is necessary to understand functional genes for mating. 【Method】Biological experiments were carried out to observe the effects of chlorantraniliprole on mating and reproduction of C. sasakii. The high throughput sequencing platform Illumina HiSeqTM2500 was used to sequence the transcriptome of C. sasakii adults (including virgin female and male, female and male with courtship behavior in the mating season after emergence for 4-6 h, female and male exposed to chlorantraniliprole for 4-6 h). De novo assembling and assessment were carried out by Trinity software, and then the effective sequential data were assigned to the relevant databases to perform functional annotation analysis. The temporal and spatial expression level of the related genes of C. sasakii was analyzed by qRT-PCR after chlorantraniliprole treatment.【Result】After chlorantraniliprole treatment, the mating rate, adult longevity and fertility of C. sasakii decreased. 102 831 unigenes were assembled from the transcriptomes, and 34 526 unigenes were annotated. According to the screening criteria, in the process of chlorantraniliprole treatment, 122 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 147 DEGs were identified in female and male adults, respectively, of which 31 DEGs were co-existed. The results of gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and enrichment analysis of 234 DEGs showed that these genes were annotated into 5 dominated process, including catalytic activity and binding activity in the molecular functional process, metabolic process, single-organism process and cellular process in the biological process. By KEGG pathways identification, 234 DEGs were enriched in 25 pathways for metabolic, which included insect hormone biosynthesis, drug metabolism, etc. The c64662.graph_c0 was identified as ryanodine receptor from C. sasakii by BLAST, its length is 15 637 bp and it has 99.0% identity with the reported CsRyR. Furthermore, 3 carboxylesterase unigenes, 4 cytochrome P450 unigenes, 3 troponin unigenes, 1 odorant binding protein unigene and 1 timeless unigene were annotated. The P450 c40709.graph_c0 is involved in insect hormone biosynthesis. Gene expression levels of 12 DEGs based on the FPKM value showed different trends. Finally, qRT-PCR was used to identify the 12 DEGs and RyR. The expression of carboxylesterase c51998.graph_c0 gene from C. sasakii adult was up-regulated after treated with chlorantraniliprole. The expression of cytochrome P450 c57480.graph_c0 and c53794.graph_c0 from C. sasakii female and male adults was significantly up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, while the expression of cytochrome P450 c40709. graph_c0 gene was significantly down-regulated only in males, the expression of cytochrome P450 c53281.graph_c0 gene was up-regulated only in females after 6 h treatment. The expression of three troponin genes was significantly down-regulated during the whole trial period. The circadian clock unigene c60883.graph_c0 and odor binding protein unigene c45675.graph_c0 showed the same variation trend, which were up-regulated immediately after dark period, but were inhibited by chlorantraniliprole. The expression of RyR was significantly up-regulated in females, but there was no significant difference between male and control before the first courtship peak, and the expression of RyR was down-regulated significantly at the second courtship peak. The expression of other unigenes in the males was higher than that of the females except cytochrome P450s c57480.graph_c0, c40709.graph_c0 and c53281.graph_c0. Moreover, the expression of antennal esterase gene c54944.graph_c0, clock gene c60883.graph_c0 and odor binding protein gene c45675.graph_c0 was significantly up- or down- regulated when the dark/light changed alternately.【Conclusion】By transcriptome sequencing, it was found that the mechanism of disruption of mating in C. sasakii by chlorantraniliprole was possibly coursed by the interaction of target gene, olfactory related gene, metabolic gene, circadian clock gene and so on.

Key words: chlorantraniliprole, Carposina sasakii, mating, disruption, transcriptome