Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (10): 1931-1939.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.10.012

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Long-Term Different Fertilization on Sugarcane Yield Stability, Fertilizer Contribution Rate and Nutrition Loss

HuiPing OU1(), LiuQiang ZHOU1, JinSheng HUANG1, Yan ZENG1, XiaoHui ZHU1, RuLin XIE1, HongWei TAN2(), BiYan HUANG3   

  1. 1Agricultural Resources and Environmental Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007
    2Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007
    3Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Central Station, Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning 530000
  • Received:2017-06-27 Accepted:2017-09-30 Online:2018-05-16 Published:2018-05-16

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Abstract:

【Objective】 This study was conducted to explore the response of the sugarcane yield stability, fertilizer contribution rate and N, P loss in runoff under long-term different fertilization, with an aim to provide scientific references for establishing the optimal fertilization pattern and promoting the sustainable production of sugarcane as well as the quality of agroecosystem improvement.【Method】 Four different fertilization treatments (non-fertilization (CK), optimum fertilization (OPT), application of 50% N increase based on OPT (OPT+N) and application of 50% P2O5 increase based on OPT (OPT+P)) were chosen from an 8-years fertilization filed experiment. The changes of annual sugarcane stem yield, fertilizer contribution rate and N, P loss in runoff were investigated. 【Result】 At the first 4 years of planting, sugarcane yield declined sharply, and then kept equilibrium around 50 t·hm-2, while fertilization treatments showed a fluctuation in different years, and kept the same trend in the same year. Fertilization significantly increased the sugarcane yield and its stability. With an average of 8 years, sugarcane yield under fertilizer treatments was 70% higher than that under CK. However, there was no significant increase between OPT and OPT+N treatments in sugarcane yield, while OPT was higher than OPT+N treatment. There was no significant difference among fertilizer treatments in sugarcane yield stability. The soil contribution rate in sugarcane field declined sharply at the first 4 years of planting, while fertilizer contribution rate showed the opposite trend, and then both of them basically stabled at around 50%. Both of fertilizer contribution rate and agronomic efficiency in OPT treatment were significantly higher than or equal to OPT+N and OPT+P treatments. Fertilization significantly increased N and P runoff loss. Excessive application of N and P fertilizer significantly increased the corresponding N and P loss, but not N (P) fertilizer loss rate. 【Conclusion】 Excessive application of N and P not only had no advantage in sugarcane yield and its stability, but also resulted in waste of resources and increase of nutrient loss. OPT treatment was a better fertilization model for high and stable yield of sugarcane, high fertilizer contribution rate and low nutrient loss.

Key words: N fertilizer, P fertilizer, sugarcane yield, stability, fertilizer contribution rate, nutrient loss

Table 1

Fertilizer application rate of OPT（kg·hm-2）"

肥料
Fertilizer		 年份 Year
2008 2009 2010 2011
（2012）		 2013 2014 2015
N 450 450 300 450 400 450 404.4
P2O5 120 120 120 135 120 135 135
K2O 300 217 217 257 257 257 240

Fig. 1

Annual fluctuation and average sugarcane yield under long-term different fertilization"

Table 2

Effects of long-term different fertilization on the coefficient of variation and sustainable yield index of sugarcane stem"

处理
Treatment		 变异系数
CV		 可持续性产量指数
SYI
CK 0.23 a 0.53 b
OPT 0.11 b 0.75 a
OPT+N 0.12 b 0.74 a
OPT+P 0.12 b 0.75 a

Fig. 2

Effects of long-term different fertilization on the contribution of soil capacity and contribution rate of fertilizer"

Table 3

Effects of long-term different fertilization on agronomic efficiency （kg?kg-1）"

处理
Treatment		 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 平均
Average
OPT 2.72 a 3.80 a 9.14 a 5.57 a 6.27 a 5.19 a 5.73 a 7.36 a 5.72 a
OPT+N 1.71 a 2.79 b 6.99 b 4.40 b 3.97 b 3.02 c 3.70 b 5.33 c 3.99 c
OPT+P 2.23 a 3.16 ab 7.85 ab 5.29 a 5.40 a 3.98 b 5.14 a 6.39 b 4.93 b

Fig. 3

Effects of long-term different fertilization on N and P loss from runoff in sugarcane field"

Table 4

Effects of long-term different fertilization on fertilizer loss rate"

处理
Treatment		 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 平均
Average
氮肥径流流失率 N loss rate (%)
OPT 0.45 c 0.59 a 1.40 a 3.43 a 0.53 a 1.18 b 1.53 a 1.80 a 1.36 a
OPT+N 0.83 a 0.76 a 1.60 a 3.21 a 0.53 a 1.24 b 1.40 a 2.00 a 1.45 a
OPT+P 0.71 b 0.53 a 1.63 a 3.39 a 0.53 a 1.68 a 1.66 a 1.89 a 1.50 a
磷肥径流流失率P loss rate (%)
OPT 0.81 a 0.68 a 1.88 a 0.51 a 0.81 a 0.40 a 0.38 a 0.57 a 0.76 b
OPT+N 1.06 a 1.02 a 2.13 a 0.77 a 0.85 a 0.34 a 0.38 a 0.56 a 0.89 a
OPT+P 1.09 a 1.09 a 2.15 a 0.66 a 0.86 a 0.52 a 0.40 a 0.57 a 0.92 a
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