Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (14): 2840-2852.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.14.014

• STORAGE·FRESH-KEEPING·PROCESSING • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Comparison of the Constitutions, Distribution, and Antioxidant Activities of Polyphenols from Different Varieties of Tartary Buckwheat Seed Produced from Different Regions of China

 LIU  Qin, ZHANG  Wei-Na, ZHU  Yuan-Yuan, HU  Qiu-Hui   

  1. School of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Grain and Oil Quality Control and Further Technology, Nanjing 210023
  • Received:2014-02-25 Online:2014-07-15 Published:2014-04-28

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The constitution, content and distribution of polyphenols in hull, bran, flour and whole grain of different varieties of tartary buckwheats from different regions of China were studied. The antioxidant activities of polyphenol extracts from different parts and samples of tartary buckwheat were compared. The aim of the study is to obtain the scientific data for improvement of tartary buckwheat breeding and further processing. 【Method】 Total phenolic contents (TPCs) of hull, bran, flour and whole grain of 17 varieties of tartary buckwheat were firstly compared by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method. The polyphenol constitutions and individual phenolics content were analyzed by HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and tandem MS (MS/MS). The antioxidant activities of different polyphenol extracts were compared by DPPH and ORAC methods. 【Result】 Both Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and HPLC methods showed that tartary buckwheat bran had the highest TPC. Based on HPLC results, the average TPC in bran of all samples was 4 410.23 mg/100 g, which was 4.8 times of average TPC in hull and 15.5 times of average TPC in buckwheat flour. There were eight polyphenol species identified by HPLC/MS and MS/MS, among them Rutin was the major species. The contents of rutin in hull, bran and flour were 342.55-1 758.06 mg/100 g, 2 653.84-5 488.55 and 148.23-542.68 mg/100 g, which accounted for 82.13%-90.16%, 87.71%-92.09% and 80.85%-86.53% of TPC in hull, bran, and flour, respectively. Chlorogenic acid was only detected in hull samples. While, hyperoside mainly occur in hull and bran, and sinapic acid was firstly detected in tartary buckwheat at very low concentration. Polyphenol distribution and contents in buckwheats from different regions were significantly different. The TPCs in hulls from Yunnan were significantly lower than those from Shaanxi and Sichuan. However, the average TPC in brans of buckwheats from Yunnan was higher than those from Sichuan, and closed to those from Shaanxi. The whole grains from Yunnan had the highest TPC and antioxidant activities. The DPPH and ORAC results showed that for all samples, brans had the highest antioxidant activities, while flours had the lowest antioxidant activities. Overall, the buckwheat samples from Shaanxi had the highest DPPH and ORCA values no matter for hull, bran and flour. The hulls and flours from Yunnan had the lowest value in both DPPH and ORAC values, but had the highest antioxidant capability for whole grains. 【Conclusion】HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry is very powerful in studying the polyphenol in plants. Results of this study showed that the polyphenol distribution and contents in tartary buckwheat from different regions of China were significantly different. And the TPCs positively correlated with the antioxidant activities.

Key words: tartary buckwheat , polyphenol distribution , polyphenol constitution , HPLC/MS , antioxidant activity

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