常用农药在水稻叶片上的润湿能力分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.09.008

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to research the wettability of pesticide solutions at concentrations of high volume spray and atomizing spray used in paddy fields.【Method】The critical surface tension (CST) of rice leaf was determined by Zisman method and surface tension of 52 pesticides at concentrations of high volume spray and atomizing spray was measured followed by national standard (GB 5549-90). The relationship between the CST and the surface tension of pesticides was compared and analyzed. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactant in each pesticide was also measured according to the change of surface tension of pesticide solutions and 5 pesticides were used to illustrate the wettability of solutions on rice leaf.【Result】The estimated CST values of the adaxial and abaxial surface of rice leaves ranged from 29.90 to 32.88 mN•m-1. The surface tension values of 21 pesticide solutions at concentrations of high volume spray and 23 pesticide solutions at concentrations of atomizing spray were both less than the estimated CST values of rice leaves. Among which, surfactants in 19 pesticides at concentrations of high volume spray and 21 pesticides at concentrations of atomizing spray were above CMC. The surface tension values of the rest pesticides were more than the estimated CST values of rice leaves or the surfactants were below CMC. The surface tensions of solutions of 5% validamycin AS and 70% imidacloprid WDG at concentrations of high volume spray and atomizing spray were 46.84 and 46.53 mN•m-1, 49.48 and 40.24 mN•m-1，respectively. So the contact angles (＞100°) on rice leaves were indicative of poor wetting. The surface tensions of solutions of 50% thiophanate-methyl SC were both more than 35.89 mN•m-1, and the contact angles (98.59°-53.76°) exhibited poor to good wettability. On the contrary, the surface tensions of solutions of 4% avermectins ME and 1.8% avermectins EC were 29.98 and 29.13 mN•m-1, 27.67 and 27.67 mN•m-1, respectively. So the contact angles (＜60°) were regarded as good wetting【Conclusion】The wettability of most pesticide solutions on rice leaf is poor, so categories as well as contents of the surfactant in most pesticide remain to be adjusted.

Key words: pesticide, surfactant, surface tension, critical surface tension (CST), critical micelle concentration (CMC)

XU Guang-Chun, GU Zhong-Yan, XU De-Jin, XU Xiao-Long, DONG Yu-Xuan. Wettability Analysis of Pesticides on Rice Leaf[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(9): 1731-1740.

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