连续秸秆覆盖对土壤无机氮供应特征和作物产量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.09.009

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】A long-term (2008-2010) experiment was conducted to study the effects of straw mulching on supply characteristics of soil inorganic nitrogen and crop yields. 【Method】Five treatments including no straw mulching (control), half rape straw mulching, total rape straw mulching, half wheat straw mulching, and total wheat straw mulching were designed. 【Result】At 0-5 cm, 5-15 cm and 15-25 cm soil layers, compared to no straw mulching treatment, the contents of soil NH4+-N and NO3--N increased significantly with straw mulching treatment. With the prolongation of the time of mulching and the rate of straw, the soil NH4+-N and NO3--N content increased. After harvest of the fifth season rice, the soil NH4+-N and NO3--N content of straw mulching treatment were higher than that of no straw mulching treatment by 18.83%-36.70% and 12.04%-37.70%, respectively. Straw mulching reduced the contents of NH4+-N and NO3--N, and also could decrease the soil NO3--N leaching during rice earlier growth stage, which promoted the crop reproductive growth at the later growth stages and then increased crop yield. The results also indicated that straw mulching increased crop yield, and the increase of wheat and rapeseed was higher than rice. With the time of straw mulching and the amount of straw increasing, the crop yield also improved. The key components of the yield were effective panicles of wheat and rice, pod number and seed per pod of rapeseed. 【Conclusion】Continuous straw mulching improved soil NH4+-N and NO3--N content at 0-25cm layer and then increased crop yield.

Key words: straw mulching, inorganic nitrogen, supply characteristic, crop yield

WU Ji, GUO Xi-Sheng, LU Jian-Wei, WANG Yun-Qing, ZHANG Xiao-Ling, XU Zheng-Yu. Effects of Continuous Straw Mulching on Supply Characteristics of Soil Inorganic Nitrogen and Crop Yields[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(9): 1741-1749.

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Effects of Continuous Straw Mulching on Supply Characteristics of Soil Inorganic Nitrogen and Crop Yields

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