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Study on the Interspecies Crossbreeding Between Mithun (Bos frontalis) and Zebu (Bos indicus) Cattle
- HE Zhan-Xing, ZHANG Ji-Cai, XU Kai-Xing, JIN Xian-Dong, WANG Zhe, WANG An-Kui, HUANG Mei-Fen, ZHAO Gang, YANG Guo-Rong, TU Xian-Yun, YUAN Xi-Ping, HUANG Bi-Zhi
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Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 2011, 44(17):
3622-3633.
doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.17.015
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【Objective】 The potential of interspecies crossbreeding utilization and its foreground between Mithun (Bos frontalis) and Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle were studied. 【Method】 Firstly, after treated by CUE-MATETM (progesterone-releasing intravaginal device) and PG for synchronization estrous, Brahman cows were inseminated artificially with Mithun’s frozen semen. And gestation length and calving time of cows and calf sex ratio were investigated. Besides, the body weight of Mithun and Brahman crossbreed at birth, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months of age were measured and karyotype and reproductive performance of hybrids F1 (Mithun×Brahman) and so on were analyzed and investigated. 【Result】 The rates of synchronization estrous, pregnancy and calving of Brahman cow were 83.87%, 60.56% and 45.07%, respectively. The average gestation length was (290.83±5.26) d (n=24). The percentage of female calf in crossbred F1 (Mithun×Brahman) was 71.88%,higher than those of Mithun and Brahman (P<0.05), and significantly higher than those of crossbred F1 (Mithun×Yellow cattle) and BMY cattle, respectively (P<0.01). The average body weight at birth, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months of crossbred F1 (Mithun×Brahman)(n=29) was (26.69±4.84) kg, (153.08±37.58) kg, (219.34±31.31) kg and (302.06±28.92) kg, respectively, which were 68.18%, 37.12%, 45.07% and 40.13% higher than those of Mithun (P<0.01), but 14.40% (P<0.01), 5.23% (P>0.05), 13.12% (P<0.01) and 12.76% (P<0.01) lower than those of Brahman. The average daily gain (ADG) of crossbred F1 (Mithun×Brahman) from birth to 18 months of age was (503.09±44.91) g and (502.89±53.54) g for male and female,which were 35.98% and 39.85% higher than those of male and female of Mithun (P<0.01), but 16.49% and 6.63% lower than those of male (P<0.01) and female (P>0.05) of Brahman. The chromosome numbers of Mithun, Brahman and their crossbred F1 (Mithun×Brahman) were 2n=58, 2n=60 and 2n=59, respectively. The average age and body weight of crossbred F1 (Mithun×Brahman) at first pregnancy and their primiparous age were (16.00±2.83) months, (342.50±30.41) kg and (26.00±2.83) months, respectively, which gave one calf per year. The semen collection of 5 crossbred F1 (Mithun×Brahman) at 15-24 months of age was failed by electro-ejaculation treatment.【Conclusion】Interspecies crossbreeding of Mithun×Zebu performed better in rapid growth, wide adaptation and significant heterosis. And the crossbred female F1 was of better reproductive capacity, precocity and high reproductive efficiency. However, the fertility of male crossbred F1 will remain to be studied in future.