氟唑菌酰羟胺对油菜的生理调控作用及其与咪鲜胺的复配效应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.09.006

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Waterlogging and Sclerotinia stem rot are major constraints on rapeseed yield and quality in the rice-rapeseed rotation system of the Yangtze River Basin. This study aims to elucidate the physiological mechanisms by which pydiflumetofen, a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI), synergistically controls Sclerotinia stem rot and promotes growth, stress tolerance, yield, and quality in rapeseed (Brassica napus).【Method】Field and laboratory experiments were conducted from 2023 to 2025 in Jingzhou, Hubei Province, using the B. napus cultivar ‘Changshuang 1’. This study investigated the effects of pydiflumetofen, prochloraz, tebuconazole, boscalid, and their mixture (pydiflumetofen + prochloraz) on seedling growth and physiological indices under normal growth, waterlogging and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-simulated drought conditions; endogenous hormone contents and balance at the full flowering stage; and Sclerotinia stem rot resistance, yield components and grain quality at the maturity stage.【Result】(1) Under normal growth conditions, pydiflumetofen significantly promoted seedling growth, with root length, lateral root number, seedling height, and fresh weight increasing by 65.8%, 84.2%, 39.0%, and 20.0%, respectively, compared with the control. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents increased by 19.3%, 28.1%, and 28.9%, respectively. The promoting effects were significantly greater than those of other fungicide treatments. (2) Under stress, pydiflumetofen pre-treatment significantly enhanced seedling tolerance. Under waterlogging, relative root length significantly increased by 48.3% compared with the control, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were increased by 26.2% and 26.3%, respectively. Under PEG-simulated drought, relative seedling height, relative fresh weight, and vigor index significantly increased by 40.3%, 36.0%, and 113.8%, respectively, compared with the control. (3) At the full flowering stage, foliar application of pydiflumetofen significantly optimized endogenous hormone balance, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA₃) contents increased by 27.5% and 45.5%, respectively, while abscisic acid (ABA) content showed no significant difference compared with the control. (4) At the maturity stage, pydiflumetofen treatment achieved synergistic disease control and yield increase. The disease index of Sclerotinia stem rot was decreased by 58.3%-59.9%, while silique number per plant, seeds per silique, yield, and seed oil content were increased by 13.9%-14.1%, 7.0%-7.3%, 34.4%-34.9%, and 5.1%, respectively, outperforming other fungicide treatments. The mixture of pydiflumetofen and prochloraz exhibited antagonism, reducing yield by 16.1%-16.9%, compared with pydiflumetofen alone.【Conclusion】Pydiflumetofen synergistically improves rapeseed growth, stress tolerance, disease resistance and grain quality by optimizing root architecture, activating the antioxidant system and regulating the endogenous hormone balance. Its integrated benefits are superior to those of conventional fungicides such as prochloraz, tebuconazole and boscalid.

Key words: Brassica napus, Sclerotinia stem rot, pydiflumetofen, growth and development, hormone balance, yield and quality, stress tolerance

ZHU Pei, ZHAO Yao, BAI Yan, ZHANG JinKui, LI Mei, LONG JinJia, YANG Long, LUO LiYa, XU BenBo, XU JinSong, ZHANG XueKun. Physiological Regulation of Pydiflumetofen on Rapeseed (Brassica napus) and Its Combined Effect with Prochloraz[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(9): 1903-1915.

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处理Treatment	药剂Fungicide	处理浓度Treatment concentration (mg·L^-1)
CK	清水Water	0 (蒸馏水Distilled water)
T1	45%咪鲜胺水乳剂Prochloraz 45% EW	425
T2	430 g·L^-1戊唑醇悬浮剂Tebuconazole 430 g·L^-1 SC	215
T3	50%啶酰菌胺水分散粒剂Boscalid 50% WDG	333
T4	200 g·L^-1氟唑菌酰羟胺悬浮剂Pydiflumetofen 200 g·L^-1 SC	280
T5	200 g·L^-1氟唑菌酰羟胺+45%咪鲜胺Pydiflumetofen 200 g·L^-1 SC+ Prochloraz 45% EW	280+425

处理Treatment	生长素 IAA	赤霉素3 GA₃	赤霉素4 GA₄	脱落酸 ABA	异戊烯基腺嘌呤 IP	异戊烯基腺苷 IPA	反式玉米素核苷 tZR
CK	9.46±0.385c	0.66±0.023d	0.38±0.051a	49.96±0.704c	0.05±0.003a	0.26±0.017a	0.55±0.195a
T1	11.26±0.421ab	0.71±0.095d	0.37±0.029a	54.37±2.688b	0.02±0.002d	0.25±0.015a	0.53±0.036a
T2	10.34±0.720bc	0.86±0.034c	0.32±0.038a	59.05±0.903a	0.02±0.001cd	0.19±0.022bc	0.44±0.046c
T3	9.31±0.484c	1.11±0.029a	0.33±0.029a	54.11±3.633b	0.03±0.003c	0.22±0.051ab	0.53±0.045a
T4	12.06±0.764a	0.96±0.021b	0.34±0.021a	47.44±0.979c	0.03±0.008bc	0.12±0.021d	0.51±0.004ab
T5	11.39±1.003ab	0.67±0.054d	0.26±0.019b	33.75±1.093d	0.04±0.002b	0.17±0.019c	0.46±0.028bc

处理Treatment	单株角果数 Number of siliques per plant	每角粒数 Number of grains per silique	千粒重 1000-seed weight (g)	单株产量 Single plant yield (g)	发病率 Disease incidence (%)	病情指数 Disease index	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)
CK	162.15±3.82c	21.52±0.21b	4.01±0.10a	14.22±0.11c	38.55±1.52a	40.88±1.61a	2312.45±41.23c
T1	165.88±1.29bc	21.45±1.39b	3.96±0.08a	14.41±1.21c	32.88±1.69a	35.91±2.52ab	2428.66±235.11c
T2	161.02±2.05c	22.35±0.78ab	3.88±0.19a	14.18±0.79d	36.92±0.98a	37.12±4.45a	2321.55±141.32c
T3	186.33±4.78a	21.22±1.12b	3.89±0.04a	15.65±1.08b	19.89±3.41b	20.66±2.78c	2835.78±219.33b
T4	185.11±3.05a	23.02±0.17a	3.94±0.20a	17.01±1.02a	16.98±1.47b	17.05±1.86c	3108.22±192.15a
T5	170.22±3.08b	21.55±1.52b	3.87±0.15a	14.38±0.56c	18.33±3.18b	19.32±1.47c	2601.55±116.78c

处理Treatment	单株角果数 Number of siliques per plant	每角粒数 Number of grains per silique	千粒重 1000-seed weight (g)	单株产量 Single plant yield (g)	发病率 Disease incidence (%)	病情指数 Disease index	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)
CK	166.27±4.15c	22.08±0.26ab	4.05±0.13a	14.66±0.13b	37.21±1.65a	39.24±1.70a	2381.37±44.89c
T1	170.58±1.42bc	22.00±1.54ab	4.00±0.10a	14.85±1.35b	31.20±1.82b	34.55±2.65b	2497.30±239.57c
T2	164.76±2.18c	23.00±0.85ab	3.92±0.23a	14.64±0.87d	35.46±1.05a	35.78±4.58ab	2390.47±145.58c
T3	191.23±5.08a	21.70±1.25b	3.93±0.06a	16.19±1.16ab	18.45±3.56c	19.24±2.89c	2930.28±223.71ab
T4	189.33±3.28a	23.70±0.20a	3.98±0.24a	17.63±1.09a	15.68±1.60c	15.75±1.95c	3216.86±196.81a
T5	174.60±3.22b	22.11±1.69ab	3.91±1.18a	14.86±0.62b	16.95±3.33c	17.99±1.56c	2692.45±121.14bc

激素 Hormone	单株角果数 Number of siliques per plant	每角粒数 Number of seeds per silique	千粒重 1000-seed weight	单株产量 Single plant yield	产量 Yield
IAA	0.942**	0.935**	-0.113	0.887*	0.922*
GA₃	0.947**	0.945**	-0.276	0.900*	0.948**
GA₄	-0.578	-0.635	-0.390	-0.552	-0.552
ABA	-0.960**	-0.945**	-0.235	-0.969**	-0.961**
IP	-0.777	-0.795	0.244	-0.695	-0.752
IPA	-0.955**	-0.945**	0.280	-0.874*	-0.930*
tZR	-0.753	-0.744	0.477	-0.752	-0.798

Physiological Regulation of Pydiflumetofen on Rapeseed (Brassica napus) and Its Combined Effect with Prochloraz

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处理 Treatment	含油量 Oil content (%)	蛋白质 Protein (%)	硫苷 Glucosinolate (μmol·L^-1)	油酸 Oleic acid (%)	亚麻酸 Linolenic acid (%)
CK	47.12±1.23b	25.75±1.66ab	19.38±1.57a	60.33±0.99a	8.31±0.29a
T1	44.73±0.67c	24.78±1.77b	18.73±2.52ab	60.09±2.31a	7.24±1.36a
T2	49.39±0.97a	24.21±1.41b	17.23±1.65b	61.01±3.52a	8.04±0.78a
T3	46.82±0.66b	25.73±1.69ab	18.95±0.72ab	60.88±1.73a	7.35±0.73a
T4	49.51±0.33a	25.11±1.61b	20.06±1.92a	62.38±1.87a	7.45±0.45a
T5	46.75±0.44b	26.79±1.01a	18.35±1.16ab	61.63±1.88a	7.48±0.77a

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