LED补光对日光温室基质栽培草莓生产及叶片生理特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.05.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this research is to clarify the effects of LED supplementary lighting on production and leaf physiological characteristics of substrate-cultivated strawberry, and develop a light control strategy for strawberry cultivation in Chinese solar greenhouses, which will provide theoretical basis and technical support for improving the quality and efficiency of strawberry cultivation in winter and spring seasons in China when solar radiation is low.【Method】Strawberry cultivar ‘HongYan’ was grown in a Chinese solar greenhouse with substrate cultivation, and LED supplementary lighting was provided during the early stage of flower bud differentiation (lamps were installed approximately 15 cm above the canopy). The experiments were set up with different light intensity experiments (photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 254, 367, and 492 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, corresponding to the power of 80, 120 and 160 W, respectively), the different light quality experiments (red/blue 9/1, red/blue 1/1, and white light, PPFD of 360-390 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, with the same power of 120 W), and the different supplementary lighting duration and control strategy experiments (i.e. dynamic supplementary lighting for 10 h and continuous supplementary lighting for 5 h, referred to as DL10 and CL5 hereafter, respectively, both using 120 W white LED, PPFD of 367 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, lamp on/off strategy of DL10 treatment was the same as the light intensity and quality experiments, lamp of CL5 treatment was continuously turned on during the time period of 8: 00-13: 00), and the control was no supplementary lighting treatment. During the experiment, strawberry production, physiological and biochemical index of leaves and fruits, as well as the leaf photosynthetic parameters were measured, and the power usage efficiency was also analyzed.【Result】Compared with the control, all supplementary lighting treatments increased strawberry yield and accelerated harvest time by ~10 d. In the light intensity experiment, the yield of 160 W treatment increased by 41.9%, which was slightly but not significantly higher than that of 80 W and 120 W treatments. In the light quality experiment, the yield of red/blue 9/1, red/blue 1/1 and white light treatments increased by 55.9%, 44.1%, and 33.1%, respectively, compared to the control. In addition, the yield of DL10 treatment increased by 16% compared to CL5 treatment. Supplementary lighting increased yield due to the higher number of fruits per plant. Supplementary lighting reduced fruit water content and increased leaf thickness, but had no significant effect on leaf physiological and biochemical parameters. Supplementary lighting in the morning and afternoon significantly improved stomatal conductance, which was beneficial for photosynthesis. However, in the light intensity experiment, the maximum photosynthetic capacity of the leaves treated with 160 W was significantly lower than that of 120 W treatment, and the stomatal conductance was also lower than that of the control. Regarding the power usage efficiency, red/blue 9/1 (120 W) treatment was the highest, while the 160 W white light was the lowest among all treatments. The power usage efficiency of DL10 treatment was 2.6 times that of CL5 treatment.【Conclusion】Supplementary lighting can significantly improve strawberry production and accelerate harvest time in winter and spring seasons when solar light is limited, appropriate supplementary light intensity is crucial for yield formation, and supplementing with a high fraction of red light has the best effect on strawberry production, dynamic supplementary light control strategy can significantly improve the power usage efficiency.

Key words: LED supplementary lighting, strawberry, yield, photosynthesis, Chinese solar greenhouse

ZHANG Han, ZHANG YuQi, LI JingLai, XU Hong, LI WeiHuan, LI Tao. Effects of LED Supplementary Lighting on Production and Leaf Physiological Properties of Substrate-Cultivated Strawberry in Chinese Solar Greenhouse[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(5): 975-990.

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References 35

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试验 Experiment	处理 Treatment	LED功率 LED power (W)	光合光子通量密度 Photosynthetic photon flux density (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	补光灯控制策略 LED lighting control strategy
光强 Light intensity	白光80 W White light 80 W	80	254	8：00—18：00补光灯开关由传感器自动决策* Lamps switch controlled automatically by sensor
	白光120 W White light 120 W	120	367
	白光160 W White light 160 W	160	492
光质 Light quality	红蓝9/1 Red/blue 9/1	120	390	8：00—18：00补光灯开关由传感器自动决策Lamps switched controlled automatically by sensor
	红蓝1/1 Red/blue 9/1		396
	白光White light		367
补光时长 Supplementary lighting duration	连续补光5 h Continuous supplementary lighting for 5 h	120	367	8：00—13：00补光灯连续开启** Lamps remained continuously on
补光时长 Supplementary lighting duration	动态补光10 h Dynamic lighting for 10 h	120	367	8：00—18：00补光灯开关由传感器自动决策Lamps switched controlled automatically by sensor

试验 Experiment	处理 Treatment	平均单株果数 Average fruit number per plant	平均单果重 Average single fruit weight (g)
光强 Light intensity	CK	4.8±0.3c	27.1±0.7a
	80 W	7.1±0.1b	25.6±0.2ab
	120 W	7.3±0.2b	25.2±0.3ab
	160 W	7.7±0.1a	24.4±0.3b
光质 Light quality	CK	4.8±0.3c	27.1±0.7a
	RB 9/1	8.2±0.2a	25.7±0.4a
	RB 1/1	7.6±0.1ab	25.6±0.1a
	W	7.3±0.2b	25.2±0.3a
补光时长 Supplementary lighting duration	CK	4.8±0.3b	27.1±0.7a
	CL5	5.8±0.4b	26.9±0.4a
	DL10	7.3±0.2a	25.2±0.3a

试验 Experiment	处理 Treatment	比叶面积 Specific leaf area (cm²·g^-1)	叶绿素指数 Chlorophyll index	氮素含量 Total nitrogen content (mg·g^-1)
光强 Light intensity	CK	131.6±6.0a	1.09±0.04b	32.2±0.4a
	80 W	111.6±1.8b	1.10±0.03b	31.1±1.8a
	120 W	109.3±4.1b	1.13±0.03b	29.2±0.4a
	160 W	109.1±4.0b	1.24±0.01a	28.7±1.2a
光质 Light quality	CK	131.6±6.0a	1.09±0.04ab	32.2±0.4a
	R/B 9/1	115.4±3.3b	1.19±0.03a	29.5±0.4c
	R/B 1/1	114.3±2.8b	1.07±0.04b	31.9±0.4ab
	W	109.3±4.1b	1.13±0.03ab	29.2±0.4c
补光时长 Supplementary lighting duration	CK	131.6±6.0a	1.09±0.04a	32.2±0.4a
	CL5	133.8±4.4a	1.13±0.03a	30.8±0.9ab
	DL10	109.3±4.1b	1.13±0.03a	29.2±0.4b

试验 Experiment	处理 Treatment	果实含水率 Fruit water content (%)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content (mg·g^-1)	滴定酸含量 Titratable acid content (mg·g^-1)	糖酸比 Sugar acid ratio (%)	可溶性蛋白含量Soluble protein content (mg·g^-1)
光强 Light intensity	CK	89.6±1.3a	48.0±1.0b	5.1±0.2b	9.6±0.3a	382.0±16.2b
	80 W	87.8±0.5b	56.8±3.0a	7.7±0.1a	7.7±0.5b	463.1±12.2a
	120 W	87.4±0.8b	54.2±2.9ab	5.7±0.3b	9.8±0.1a	426.6±23.1ab
	160 W	88.2±0.8b	51.6±1.8ab	5.4±0.1b	9.8±0.3a	469.9±14.2a
光质 Light quality	CK	89.6±1.3a	48.0±1.0b	5.1±0.2b	9.6±0.3b	382.0±16.2a
	R/B 9/1	88.3±0.5b	55.5±2.9b	6.7±0.2ab	8.7±0.5b	391.6±11.8a
	R/B 1/1	88.2±0.8b	111.0±6.0a	7.4±0.2a	15.6±0.9a	384.7±8.2a
	W	87.4±0.8b	54.2±2.9b	5.7±0.3b	9.8±0.1b	426.6±23.1a
补光时长 Supplementary lighting duration	CK	89.6±1.3a	48.0±1.0a	5.1±0.2b	9.6±0.3a	382.0±16.2a
	CL5	89.0±0.6a	48.9±1.4a	6.4±0.2a	7.9±0.5b	424.2±9.5a
	DL10	87.4±0.8b	54.2±2.9a	5.7±0.3ab	9.8±0.1a	426.6±23.1a

Effects of LED Supplementary Lighting on Production and Leaf Physiological Properties of Substrate-Cultivated Strawberry in Chinese Solar Greenhouse

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