牛粪与化肥配施比例对苹果园土壤有机碳库和酶活性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.20.015

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to study the effects of different proportions of cow manure and fertilizer on soil labile organic carbon components and carbon conversion related enzyme activities in apple orchard, and to reveal the mechanism of different fertilization methods on biological transformation of soil carbon pool, so as to provide the theoretical support for organic and inorganic scientific application and soil quality improvement in apple orchard.【Method】 Long-term positioning fertilization test was used as the platform. Six treatments were selected: no fertilizer (CK), 100% fertilizer (CF100), 25% cow manure with 75% fertilizer (CM25CF75), 50% cow manure with 50% fertilizer (CM50CF50), 75% cow manure with 25% fertilizer (CM75CF25), and 100% cow manure (CM100). Soil labile organic carbon components (particulate organic carbon, POC; microbial biomass carbon, MBC; readily oxidizing organic carbon, ROC) and carbon conversion related enzymes (α-D-glucosidase, AG; β-D-glucosidase, BG; Cellulase, CBH; Peroxidase, PER; Urease, UR) activity and other related indicators were measured.【Result】(1) The content of SOC, POC and ROC in soil increased with the increase of the proportion of organic fertilizer applied. CM50CF50 had the highest MBC content, which was 139.7% higher than that under CK. In the non-fertilized area, compared with CK, the POC content under CF100, CM25CF75, CM50CF50 and CM75CF25 decreased by 32.8%, 28.4%, 21.6% and 14.7%, respectively. The ROC content under CM50CF50 and CM75CF25 treatments decreased by 31.5% and 17.4%, respectively. The content of labile organic carbon in fertilized area was significantly higher than that in non-fertilized area under the same treatment. (2) Compared with CK, the α-D-glucosidase activity under CM25CF75, CM50CF50, CM75CF25 and CM100 was increased by 87.7%, 68.4%, 278.1% and 331.6%, respectively. The β-D-glucosidase activity under CM25CF75 was the highest (39.00 µg·g^-¹·h^-¹). Urease activity first increased and then decreased with the increase of organic fertilizer application ratio. The α-D-glucosidase and urease activities of soil in the non-fertilized area were also significantly increased. (3) The combination of organic and inorganic application significantly increased the soil POC/SOC and carbon pool management index (CPMI) of the fertilization area, and the carbon pool management index under CM25CF75, CM50CF50, CM75CF25 and CM100 treatments increased by 19.7%, 38.3%, 56.2% and 103.5%, respectively. The carbon pool management index of organic and inorganic combined application in non-fertilized area decreased significantly. Soil carbon pool management index in fertilized area was significantly higher than that in non-fertilized area under the same treatment. (4) Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between labile organic carbon components and α-D-glucosidase activity in the soil in the fertilization area, and the increase of organic fertilizer ratio contributed more to the increase of soil labile organic carbon. The effect of fertilization treatment on the fertilized area was greater than that on the non-fertilized area.【Conclusion】 The effect of organic and inorganic combined application on soil improvement in fertilized area of apple orchard was greater than that in non-fertilized area. The combination of organic and inorganic application could increase the content of soil organic carbon and promote soil enzyme activity, which provided a theoretical basis for the sustainable management of soil ecological environment in apple orchard.

Key words: apple orchard, cow manure, chemical fertilizer, proportion of application, labile organic carbon components, soil enzymes, biological transformation, principal component analysis

ZHANG Yi, LIU Ying, CHENG CunGang, LI YanQing, LI Zhuang. Effects of Combined Application Proportion of Cow Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Organic Carbon Pool and Enzyme Activity in Apple Orchard[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(20): 4107-4118.

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年份 Year	全氮 TN (%)	有机碳 SOC (%)
2017	1.41	18.37
2018	1.83	24.38
2019	2.79	19.63
2020	1.62	17.06

区域 Area	处理 Treatment	MBC/SOC	POC/SOC	ROC/SOC	碳库管理指数 CPMI
F	CK	0.85±0.30b	25.96±3.37c	32.22±2.77a	100.00±0.00d
	CF100	1.52±0.22a	22.95±3.41c	33.33±0.78a	100.34±9.60d
	CM25CF75	1.19±0.21ab	37.26±3.41b	30.84±5.51a	119.65±23.09cd
	CM50CF50	1.42±0.15a	37.28±5.29b	32.70±3.99a	138.27±8.40bc
	CM75CF25	1.16±0.28ab	46.62±5.90ab	34.34±4.45a	156.19±9.73b
	CM100	1.10±0.18ab	50.55±9.05a	39.37±7.50a	203.53±10.56a
NF	CK	0.85±0.30b	25.96±3.37b	32.22±2.77ab	100.00±0.00ab
	CF100	1.53±0.20ab	23.08±1.75b	32.72±1.10ab	76.36±7.15bc
	CM25CF75	1.13±0.18b	25.68±2.23b	32.95±2.30ab	74.89±14.37bc
	CM50CF50	2.04±0.30a	25.65±2.53b	24.07±4.50b	55.88±31.80c
	CM75CF25	1.64±0.44ab	27.35±3.70ab	28.55±5.32b	67.48±10.35bc
	CM100	1.11±0.12b	31.72±2.29a	39.17±3.29a	111.38±14.55a

Effects of Combined Application Proportion of Cow Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Organic Carbon Pool and Enzyme Activity in Apple Orchard

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