减氮覆膜下土壤有机碳组分含量的变化特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.19.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of long-term optimized fertilization (nitrogen reduction) and nitrogen reduction plus film mulching on the characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its components content, and their contribution to winter wheat grain yield, so as to provide the theoretical support for dryland fertility and crop productivity in the Loess Plateau. 【Method】 Based on a 7-year location experiment, the undisturbed soil samples from 0-20 cm under different management measures were collected. The variation characteristics of winter wheat grain yield, SOC and its components content were explored, including particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral organic carbon (MOC), light-particulate organic carbon (Light-POC) and heavy-particulate organic carbon (Heavy-POC), and the relationship between SOC and its component content as well as their quantity contribution to the winter wheat grain yield were clarified. The organic carbon components were grouped by continuous physical grouping method, and their contribution for wheat yield was analyzed by redundancy analysis. The experiment set four treatments, including farmer’s practice fertilization (FP), monitoring fertilization (MF), monitoring fertilization plus ridge mulching-furrow planting (RF), and monitoring fertilization plus whole field filming (FH). 【Result】 The average yield of winter wheat was the lowest under FP treatment, which was 3 070 kg·hm^-2. Compared with FP, the wheat yield under MF showed no significant difference, while wheat grain yield under RF and FH could achieve a significant increase by 27.0% and 46.4%, respectively; compared with the initial year of the experiment (2012), the SOC content showed a significant increase under different management measures during seven consecutive years, and the increase rate from low to high was 11.8% (MF), 22.4% (RF), 25.5% (FP), and 36.1% (FH), respectively. The improvement of SOC under MF was the slowest in calcareous cinnamon soil, when MF combining with plastic film mulching showed a significant improvement. The observed SOC components under different treatments showed, compared with FP and MF, RF and FH significantly increased the content of POC, Light-POC and the proportion of Light-POC in SOC. Based on the cooperation of the redundancy analysis, sensitivity index analysis and correlation analysis between SOC and its component, POC contributed the most to the improvement of wheat yield (up to 71.0%) and was the most sensitive to SOC content change and different management measures. Therefore, the improvement of crop yield and soil fertility by FH was mainly achieved by increasing POC content in soil organic carbon. 【Conclusion】 The monitoring fertilization plus whole field filming treatment was benefit to increase soil organic carbon and active organic carbon content in the cinnamon soil in the southeastern of the Loess Plateau, and achieve a sustainable increase in winter wheat yield.

Key words: nitrogen reduction plus film mulching, grain yield, soil organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, monitoring fertilization plus whole field filming

WANG ChuHan,LIU Fei,GAO JianYong,ZHANG HuiFang,XIE YingHe,CAO HanBing,XIE JunYu. The Variation Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Component Content Under Nitrogen Reduction and Film Mulching[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(19): 3779-3790.

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处理 Treatment	种植模式 Cultivation pattern	养分用量 Application rate of nutrients (N-P₂O₅-K₂O, kg·hm^-2)
农户施肥 FP	常规平作,不覆膜,播前浅旋耕深度13 cm,行距20 cm Conventional flat plough with no film mulching, shallow rotary before sowing at the depth of 13 cm, row spacing of 20 cm	150-60-0
测控施肥 MF	常规平作,不覆膜,播前浅旋耕深度13 cm,行距20 cm Conventional flat plough with no film mulching, shallow rotary before sowing at the depth of 13 cm, row spacing of 20 cm	100-83-36
垄膜沟播 RF	垄上覆膜,沟内膜侧播种,播种2行,沟内行距20 cm,垄宽35 cm,沟宽30 cm The furrow was covered with film, and the seed was sown with 2 rows inner furrow side, 20 cm row spacing in the furrow, 35 cm ridge and 30 cm furrow width	100-83-36
平膜穴播 FH	全地面平铺地膜,膜上覆土厚度0.5—1 cm,播种深度3—5 cm,行距15—16 cm,纵向穴距12 cm The plastic film was mulched on the soil surface covering the thickness of soil of 0.5-1 cm, the sowing depth was 3-5 cm, the row spacing was 15-16 cm, and the longitudinal hole spacing was 12 cm	100-83-36

The Variation Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Component Content Under Nitrogen Reduction and Film Mulching

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