Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (13): 2724-2736.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.13.003

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

QTL Mapping of Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot in Maize Based on Image Analysis

WEN Jing(),SHEN YanQi,WANG ZiYu,LI ShiJie,MO LanYue,LEI YuHao,ZHANG Yan,HAN SiPing()   

  1. Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033
  • Received:2020-12-09 Revised:2021-01-18 Online:2021-07-01 Published:2021-07-12
  • Contact: SiPing HAN E-mail:jlruby1988@126.com;hansp@cjaas.com

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Abstract:

【Objective】Ear rot in maize is a kind of fungal disease that is prevalent and giving serious threat to maize production worldwide, among which,Fusarium ear rot (FER) is the most commonly reported in China. The location of FER disease resistance QTL is very important for the genetic improvement of maize ear rot. Locating FER disease-resistant QTL by an image analysis method not only explores a new disease evaluation method for FER in maize, but also validated the FER resistance QTLs located in the early stage through the disease rating method. 【Method】In this study, three F2 populations (namely F2-C, F2-D and F2-J) and their corresponding F2:3 families were used for QTL mapping of resistance to FER, which were constructed from a highly FER-susceptible inbred line ZW18 and three highly FER-resistant inbred lines (Cheng 351, Dan 598 and JiV203) respectively. The percentage of diseased spots was obtained by image analysis for the ears of F2:3 families, then the FER resistance QTLs were mapped.【Result】18 FER resistance QTLs were mapped. Among them, qRf2,qRf3 and qRf4 located in 2.02-2.03 bins, 4.06-4.07 bins and 8.06 bin explained the phenotypic variation as high as 21.80%, 25.80% and 27.40%, respectively. The qRf11 of the F2-J population and the qRf1 of the F2-C population and the qRf6 of the F2-D population all have an overlapping interval, and the explainable phenotypic variation rate reached 16.50%. The qRf9 from the F2-D population and theqRf16 from the F2-J population have an overlapping interval in 8.05 bin, and the qRf3 from the F2-C population and the qRf15 from the F2-J population have an overlapping interval in the 4.06-4.07 bins of 4th chromosome. In addition, compared with the results of the previous positioning by the disease rating method,qRf1, qRf6 andqRf11 overlap with the disease resistance site qRfer13 located by the rating method at 1.06-1.07 bins, and qRf3 and qRf15 at 4.06-4.07 bins and the resistance location located by the rating method. The disease site qRfer3 and qRfer17overlap, qRf7 and qRfer6 completely overlap in the 2.04 bin location interval, qRf17 and qRfer20 are located in the overlap interval of 9.03-9.05 bins in the S2 duplication, and are derived from the same source of resistance. 【Conclusion】 The 18 FER resistance sites located in 3 populations, among which the resistance sites located in 1.04-1.07 bins, 4.06-4.07 bins and 8.05 bin can be detected in different populations, located in 2.04 bin and 9.03-9.05 bins can be detected by different detection methods, indicating that FER resistance sites may exist in these intervals. The overlap of QTL positioning intervals in different populations verifies the authenticity of the positioning intervals to a certain extent. The overlapping intervals are located between different methods, indicating that the image analysis method is used to locate FER disease-resistant QTLs with certain accuracy.

Key words: maize, Fusarium verticilloides, resistance, QTL

Fig. 1

Field incidence of different parents A: Cheng351; B: Dan598; C: JiV203; D: ZW18"

Fig. 2

Process steps of image processing A: Original image; B: Picture of maize with background removed; C: Use different colors to mark pictures of lesions and unaffected parts; D: Data analysis"

Fig. 3

Histogram of different repetitions for different groups A: F2-C; B: F2-D; C: F2-J. G1: 1st replicate in Gongzhuling; G2: 2nd replicate in Gongzhuling; S1: 1st replicate in Songyuan; S2: 2nd replicate in Songyuan. The same as below "

Table 1

Analysis of percentage area of parents and F2 population "

群体
Populations 		重复
Replication 		抗病亲本
Resistant
parents 		感病亲本
Susceptible
parents 		F2群体
平均值
Mean 		标准差
SD 		偏度
Skewness 		峰度
Kurtosis 		变异系数
CV (%) 		遗传力
H2
F2-C G1 0.0 49.22 6.24 7.09 3.38 15.16 113.63 0.63
G2 0.0 82.26 5.14 4.70 2.50 11.67 91.46
S1 0.0 63.85 1.65 3.06 5.30 33.16 185.50
S2 0.0 55.38 5.41 5.09 1.96 6.41 94.03
F2-D G1 0.0 49.22 8.30 8.80 5.60 51.70 106.03 0.29
G2 0.0 82.26 7.75 5.54 1.16 2.04 71.50
S1 0.0 63.85 6.11 8.62 6.61 67.02 141.03
S2 2.4 55.38 7.03 8.52 6.53 66.75 121.22
F2-J G1 0.0 49.22 9.74 9.30 5.60 48.80 95.52 0.56
G2 0.0 82.26 7.73 5.34 1.23 1.51 69.02
S1 1.3 63.85 4.72 4.78 2.44 8.14 101.11
S2 0.0 55.38 7.86 6.03 1.39 2.45 76.72

Table 2

Analysis of variances after artificial inoculation for FER resistance"

群体
Populations 		变异来源
Sources 		自由度
Df 		离均差平方和
SS 		均方
MS 		F值
F value 		P值
P value (>F0.001) 		显著性
Significance 		偏度分析
Pr
F2-C
G 117 5803.8 49.60 2.1406 8.118e-07 ***
L 1 553.7 553.67 23.8927 2.015e-06 ***
R 1 179.1 179.09 7.7283 0.005928 **
G:L 107 1952.0 18.24 0.7873 0.916935
Residuals 211 4889.6 23.17 7.410274e-15
F2-D
G 199 17047.6 85.67 1.5483 0.0001392 ***
L 1 410.4 410.45 7.4184 0.0067446 **
R 1 7.5 7.55 0.1364 0.7120661
G:L 196 11814.3 60.28 1.0894 0.2392358
Residuals 392 21688.7 55.33 1.390253e-14
F2-J
G 173 12665.6 73.21 1.8950 3.547e-07 ***
L 1 941.4 941.42 24.3679 1.261e-06 ***
R 1 41.6 41.61 1.0770 0.3001
G:L 165 5293.4 32.08 0.8304 0.9113
Residuals 333 12864.9 38.63 -8.235978e-13

Fig. 4

QQ plot of residuals in F2 populations after artificial inoculation "

Fig. 5

Detection of FER resistance QTLs in different population A: F2-C; B: F2-D; C: F2-J. G: Average of G1 and G2; S: Average of S1 and S2; BLUE: Best linear unbiased estimation "

Table 3

Parameters associated with quantitative trait loci for FER resistance identified"

位点
QTL 		染色体
Chr. 		位置Site
(Bins) 		重复
Replication 		侧翼标记
Flanking markers 		LOD 加性效应
Additive 		显性效应
Dominance 		抗性来源
SRA 		表型变异率
R2(%)
qRf1 1 1.04—1.06 BLUE e1583803—e1188929 4.78 1.6956 -0.7136 承351 Cheng351 15.60
qRf2 2 2.02—2.03 S1 e2102115—e2161221 3.84 1.6043 -1.4111 承351 Cheng351 21.80
2 2.02 S e2102115—e2126291 3.78 1.5500 -2.0277 承351 Cheng351 20.30
2 2.02—2.03 BLUE e2102115—e2161221 4.49 1.9089 0.3621 承351 Cheng351 9.70
qRf3 4 4.06—4.07 G1 e4156956—e4175573 6.05 3.7277 -2.9966 承351 Cheng351 25.80
4 4.06—4.07 BLUE e4167183—e4179848 5.41 2.0177 -0.8886 承351 Cheng351 19.60
qRf4 8 8.06 G1 e8161042—e8165169 5.61 3.9752 -3.3116 承351 Cheng351 27.40
8 8.06 BLUE e8153595—e8165169 6.38 2.3975 -1.2185 承351 Cheng351 26.00
qRf5 8 8.07—8.08 BLUE e8167666—e8171604 4.19 -2.0687 -0.6555 ZW18 7.10
qRf6 1 1.07 BLUE e1197737—e1212331 4.16 -1.3688 1.6416 ZW18 10.82
qRf7 2 2.04 BLUE e2365995—e2639635 5.93 2.1626 0.9592 丹598 Dan598 7.94
qRf8 3 3.03—3.04 S e3106087—e3335621 4.09 2.1894 -1.1950 丹598 Dan598 10.04
qRf9 8 8.05—8.06 BLUE e8130926—e8150778 4.48 1.8506 -0.6254 丹598 Dan598 10.85
qRf10 10 10.06 S e1013859—e1014290 4.17 2.4951 -1.4593 丹598 Dan598 12.32
qRf11 1 1.06—1.07 S2 e1178476—e1200620 5.69 2.8361 -1.3421 吉V203 JiV203 16.50
qRf12 3 3.04—3.05 S1 e3170341—e3154562 4.08 -2.9888 0.8469 ZW18 13.46
qRf13 3 3.06—3.07 G1 e3180570—e3195935 3.91 -4.3654 -0.5613 ZW18 7.38
qRf14 4 4.01—4.02 G1 e4359518—e4107296 3.69 3.4943 -2.2933 吉V203 JiV203 11.93
4 4.01—4.03 BLUE e4359518—e4120869 4.56 1.8443 -0.5136 吉V203 JiV203 11.65
qRf15 4 4.05—4.07 G2 e4689700—e4171651 5.91 30.334 -0.8452 吉V203 JiV203 17.96
4 4.06—4.07 S2 e4168742—e4178823 5.25 3.4990 0.6582 吉V203 JiV203 8.16
qRf16 8 8.03—8.05 S e8842299—e8144487 4.59 3.5113 -2.2912 吉V203 JiV203 8.15
qRf17 9 9.03—9.05 S2 e9432770—e9128660 5.55 -2.5901 -2.3177 ZW18 3.61
qRf18 9 9.06—9.07 G e9143806—e9149382 3.93 -2.2164 -1.6562 ZW18 2.85

Table 4

Parameters associated with quantitative trait loci for FER resistance identified by grading method"

位点
Name 		染色体
Chr. 		位置
Site (Bins) 		重复
Replication 		侧翼标记
Flanking markers 		LOD 加性效应
Additive 		显性效应
Dominant 		抗性来源
SRA 		表型变异率
R2(%)
qRfer3 4 4.06—4.07 G e4163306—e4177040 4.22 0.5365 -0.2592 承351 Cheng351 18.34
4.06—4.08 BLUE e4167183—e4179848 4.78 0.4623 -0.1894 承351 Cheng351 17.76
qRfer6 2 2.04 BLUE e2365995—e2639635 5.12 0.3268 0.0293 丹598 Dan598 7.02
qRfer13 1 1.05—1.06 S1 e1100903—e1182999 5.13 0.3924 0.2506 吉V203 JiV203 5.45
1.06—1.07 S2 e1178476—e1202995 7.40 0.6921 -0.1173 吉V203 JiV203 16.73
qRfer17 4 4.05—4.06 G1 e4327859—e4163646 5.97 0.6190 -0.0758 吉V203 JiV203 12.02
4.05—4.07 G2 e4978482—e4172059 7.83 0.7965 -0.3242 吉V203 JiV203 21.81
4.05—4.06 G e4327859—e4163646 8.42 0.6540 -0.1231 吉V203 JiV203 17.96
4.05—4.06 BLUE e4327859—e4163646 6.65 0.5549 -0.0784 吉V203 JiV203 17.37
qRfer20 9 9.03—9.05 S2 e9432770—e9130925 6.81 -0.3540 -0.4352 ZW18 4.10
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