Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (22): 4079-4087.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.22.012

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Evaluation of Sorghum Accessions Resistance Against Colletotrichum sublineolum and Relationship Between Severity and Yield Loss on Sorghum

XU Jing,JIANG Yu(),HU Lan,LIU KeJie,XU XiuDe   

  1. Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161
  • Received:2019-06-12 Accepted:2019-09-20 Online:2019-11-16 Published:2019-11-16
  • Contact: Yu JIANG E-mail:jiangyumiss@163.com

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Abstract:

【Objective】Base on the new problems of sorghum anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum) prevalent recent years in sorghum production, screening sorghum disease-resistant resources under artificial inoculation conditions was carried out with the purpose of use host resistance to control the disease. The results of this study were expected to provide scientific basis and guidance for sorghum anthracnose resistance breeding and yield loss assessment in the field. 【Method】 During the year of 2016 and 2017, 74 sorghum accessions from home and abroad were identified for disease resistance by artificial inoculation with pathogen isolate of C. sublineolum (SY-1). Twenty accessions with different rating scale were used as test materials to determine yield losses caused by anthracnose diseases under artificial inoculation. The relationship between rating scale (severity) of disease and the main yield traits of sorghum was clarified by using the method of correlation analysis. 【Result】 The results showed that there were 21 accessions rated as highly resistant (HR) and accounted for 28.38% of the total of 74 sorghum accessions, 12 accessions rated as resistant (R) and accounted for 16.22%, 26 accessions rated as moderate resistant (MR) and accounted for 35.14%, 8 accessions rated as susceptibility (S) and accounted for 10.81%, and 7 accessions rated as high susceptibility (HS) and accounted for 9.46% of the total accessions. The relationship between the severity of disease and yield loss was clarified. The results showed that 1000-grain weight and grain weight per panicle of sorghum are significantly affected by sorghum anthracnose. The reduction of grain weight per panicle between 1- 9 grade diseased plants was 0.37%-78.00%, and the reduction of 1000-grain weight was 0.03%-44.43%. Correlation analysis showed that both of grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight had an exponential relationship with the rating scale of disease. The reduction rate of grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight of sorghum rise significantly with the increase of rating scale of disease, and the rise of reduction rate of grain weight per panicle is more rapid than that of 1000-grain weight. There was a close relationship between the severity and symptoms of disease. Accessions rated as HR showed symptoms of red spots on inoculated leaves, but no acervuli in the lesions and R accessions showed small circular to oval spots and acervuli development. MR accessions showed symptoms of abundant circular to oval spots on inoculated leaves and black acervuli development and some lesions also appear on panicle-stalk. S accessions showed circular to oval and long strip spots on inoculated leaves with abundant black acervuli development. Lesions on panicle-stalk were visible and part of leaves wilt and some diseased plants were died. On the HS accessions lesions join to cover a large proportion of the leaf and panicle-stalk surface with abundant black acervuli. Most leaves of diseased plants wilt and the whole plants were near death. 【Conclusion】 In this study, 21 accessions with highly resistant (HR) were screened. Both of grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight had an exponential relationship with the rating scale of the disease, and with the increase of rating scale, the loss rate of grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight of sorghum were increased correspondingly. In addition, the disease symptoms of sorghum anthracnose were obviously different with disease rating scale.

Key words: sorghum, Colletotrichum sublineolum, evaluation of resistance, yield loss

Table 1

The evaluation rule of sorghum accession for resistance to C. sublineolum "

病情级别
Rating scale		 抗性评价
Resistance evaluation		 病害症状描述
Description of disease symptom
1 高抗HR 叶片上有少量褪绿的小斑点,占叶面积5%以下,病斑上无分生孢子盘
Small amount of chlorotic flecks on the inoculated leaves, but no acervuli. Lesions covering is less than 5%
3 抗R 叶片上有少量病斑,占叶面积的5.1%—20%,病斑上有零星分生孢子盘
Small amount of circular to oval spots and acervuli development, lesions covering is 5.1%-20%
5 中抗MR 叶片上病斑较多,占叶面积20.1%—40%,病斑上有分生孢子盘
Abundant circular to oval spots on inoculated leaves and black acervuli development, lesions covering is 20.1%- 40%
7 感S 叶片上病斑相连,占叶面积40.1%—70%,病斑上有分生孢子盘
Leaf area covered with coalescing lesions with black acervuli, lesions covering is 40.1%-70%
9 高感HS 叶片由病斑覆盖,占叶面积70.1%以上,病斑上有分生孢子盘,整株叶片近于枯死
Lesions join to cover a large proportion of the leaf surface with abundant black acervuli. The whole plants were near death. Lesions covering is more than 70.1%

Table 2

Result of evaluation of sorghum accessions resistance to C. sublineolum "

序号No. 资源
Accessions		 来源
Origin		 2016病级
Rating scale in 2016		 2017病级
Rating scale in 2017		 病情
级别
Rating scale		 抗性评价
Resistance evaluation		 序号
No.		 资源
Accessions		 来源
Origin		 2016病级
Rating scale in 2016		 2017病级
Rating scale in 2017		 病情
级别
Rating scale		 抗性评价
Resistance evaluation
1 A23* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 38 LR2381* 中国China 9 9 9 HS
2 A24* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 39 LR287* 中国China 3 3 3 R
3 A27* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 40 LR622* 中国China 7 7 7 S
4 A29* 中国China 3 5 5 MR 41 LR625* 中国China 5 3 5 R
5 A30* 中国China 5 5 5 MR 42 R8112* 中国China 1 1 1 HR
6 A36* 中国China 5 5 5 MR 43 R8115* 中国China 1 1 1 HR
7 A40* 中国China 5 3 5 MR 44 R8182* 中国China 1 1 1 HR
8 A52* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 45 SH802B* 中国China 1 1 1 HR
9 A54* 中国China 5 5 5 MR 46 SC109 美国America 5 5 5 MR
10 GS-1* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 47 SC170-6-17 美国America 3 3 3 R
11 ICS6B 印度India 5 5 5 MR 48 SA281 美国America 5 5 5 MR
12 ICS7B 印度India 7 7 7 HS 49 SC56-14E 美国America 5 5 5 MR
13 K36 中国China 5 5 5 MR 50 V4B 中国China 5 5 5 MR
14 K131 中国China 5 5 5 MR 51 VAR10 中国China 9 9 9 HS
15 K146 中国China 3 3 3 R 52 NR1 中国China 7 7 7 S
16 K148 中国China 3 3 3 R 53 NR10 中国China 9 9 9 HR
17 KSP406B 美国America 5 5 5 MR 54 QL33B 澳大利亚Australia 1 1 1 HR
18 KSP8-9-12B 美国America 5 5 5 MR 55 R19112 美国America 1 1 1 HR
19 KSP8-9-16B 美国America 5 3 5 MR 56 R19204 美国America 1 1 1 HR
20 KSP512B 美国America 1 1 1 HR 57 TAM428B 美国America 5 5 5 MR
21 KSP7-7-4B 美国America 1 1 1 HR 58 TNS30 印度India 7 7 7 S
22 K106 中国China 9 9 9 HS 59 Tx378B 美国America 3 3 3 R
23 K185 中国China 9 7 9 HS 60 Tx398B 美国America 5 5 5 MR
24 L401B* 中国China 5 5 5 HR 61 TX2758B 美国America 5 5 5 MR
25 L402B* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 62 TX2790B 美国America 1 1 1 HR
26 L407B* 中国China 5 3 5 R 63 TX2750B 美国America 3 3 3 R
27 L405B* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 64 Tx622B 美国America 3 3 3 R
28 L414B 中国China 1 1 1 HR 65 Tx623B 美国America 3 3 3 R
29 L422B 中国China 1 1 1 HR 66 矮四 Aisi 中国China 9 9 9 HS
30 Lz005B* 中国China 3 3 3 R 67 吉352B Ji352B 中国China 5 5 5 MR
31 Lz024B* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 68 吉4190B Ji4190B 中国China 5 5 5 MR
32 Lz011B* 中国China 3 3 3 R 69 吉R105 JiR105 中国China 5 5 5 MR
33 Lz028B* 中国China 3 3 3 R 70 吉R107 JiR107 中国China 5 5 5 MR
34 Lz053B* 中国China 1 1 1 HR 71 吉2055B Ji2055B 中国China 7 7 7 S
35 LR115 中国China 7 7 7 S 72 吉133 Ji133 中国China 9 9 9 HS
36 LR213* 中国China 3 3 3 R 73 红缨子-1
Hongyingzi-1		 中国China 5 3 5 MR
37 NR7 中国China 7 7 7 S 74 黔高8 Qiangao 8 中国China 7 5 7 S

Table 3

Effect of anthracnose on sorghum main yield traits"

资源
Resources		 抗性级别
Rating scale		 处理
Treatments		 穗粒重
Grain weight per panicle (g)		 千粒重
1000- grain weight(g)		 穗粒重损失率
Loss rate of grain weight per panicle (%)		 千粒重损失率
Loss rate of 1000- grain weight (%)
A24 1 接菌Inoculated 83.23 29.96 0.37aA 0.03aA
对照Control 83.54 29.97
R8112 1 接菌Inoculated 71.77 37.12 0.86aA 0.11aA
对照Control 72.39 37.16
GS-1 1 接菌Inoculated 91.82 35.04 1.02aA 0.57aA
对照Control 92.77 35.24
L402B 1 接菌Inoculated 66.52 34.68 1.13aA 0.32aA
对照Control 67.28 34.78
K148 3 接菌Inoculated 51.22 33.95 2.27abAB 1.54abAB
对照Control 52.41 34.48
Lz028B 3 接菌Inoculated 78.89 25.61 3.68abAB 1.39abAB
对照Control 81.90 25.97
LR213 3 接菌Inoculated 100.09 32.60 3.8abAB 2.66abcABC
对照Control 104.04 33.49
K146 3 接菌Inoculated 63.76 28.19 4.44abcABC 3.29abcABC
对照Control 66.72 29.15
A36 5 接菌Inoculated 84.21 34.34 8.03bcdABCD 2.69abcABC
对照Control 91.56 35.29
SC109 5 接菌Inoculated 63.69 33.58 10.11bcBCD 6.57dC
对照Control 70.85 35.94
A30 5 接菌Inoculated 55.57 27.22 13.02dD 5.16cdBC
对照Control 63.89 28.70
A54 5 接菌Inoculated 69.67 32.64 12.67dCD 4.39bcdABC
对照Control 79.78 34.14
NR7 7 接菌Inoculated 56.18 29.15 35.47eE 12.09eD
对照Control 87.06 33.16
LR622 7 接菌Inoculated 58.41 31.48 41.86fEF 14.04efD
对照Control 100.00 36.62
NR1 7 接菌Inoculated 58.64 27.22 43.49fEF 16.04fD
对照Control 103.77 32.42
LR115 7 接菌Inoculated 48.89 30.85 44.57fF 15.89fD
对照Control 88.20 36.68
VAR10 9 接菌Inoculated 43.57 23.98 56.18gG 28.59gE
对照Control 99.42 33.58
2381 9 接菌Inoculated 30.86 19.04 66.34hH 25.86gE
对照Control 91.67 25.68
K106 9 接菌Inoculated 20.15 23.94 63.52hGH 35.96hF
对照Control 55.23 37.38
矮四 Aisi 9 接菌Inoculated 20.55 15.76 78iI 44.43iG
对照Control 93.40 28.36

Fig. 1

Relationship between panicle grain loss rate and disease severity on sorghum"

Fig. 2

Relationship between 1000- grain weight loss rate and disease severity on sorghum"

Fig. 3

Symptoms of different rating scale to sorghum anthracnose in field A: 1 scale; B: 3 scale; C: 5 scale; D: 7 scale; E: 9 scale"

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