Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (12): 2140-2150.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.12.011

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Salt Stress on Seedlings Growth, Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Two Species of Artocarpus

SU LanXi,BAI TingYu,YU Huan,WU Gang,TAN LeHe()   

  1. Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning 571533, Hainan
  • Received:2019-01-11 Accepted:2019-03-18 Online:2019-06-16 Published:2019-06-22
  • Contact: LeHe TAN E-mail:tlh3687@163.com

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Abstract:

【Objective】The effects of salt stress on the growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of the seedlings of two Artocarpus species were studied in order to provide a reference for the utilization of tropical saline-alkali land and the development of characteristic agriculture on islands. 【Method】 Jackfruit and breadfruit, two Artocarpus varieties, were selected and cultivated in sea sand. The sea water solution was applied at 3-leaf full expanding stage and the salt concentration was 0, 3.4, 10.2, 17.0 and 23.8 g?kg -1, named as T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The variation of growth, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence of jackfruit and breadfruit seedlings under salt stress were investigated. 【Result】 Salt stress significantly inhibited the growth, chlorophyll content and biomass accumulation of jackfruit, and the inhibition effect on breadfruit was less than that of jackfruit. The parameters, including net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) and transpiration rate (Tr) of jackfruit, were decreased under salt stress, while the stomatal inhibition (Ls) was increased. The parameters of breadfruit changed less than that of jackfruit. High salt stress (salt concentration>17.0 g?kg -1) significantly inhibited the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), PSII activity (Fv/Fo), potential maximum light energy conversion efficiency (Fv/Fm), actual light energy conversion efficiency (ΦPSII), relative electron transfer efficiency (rETR) of jackfruit, and significantly decreased qP, non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), ΦPSII and rETR of breadfruit. There was a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters. The proportion of salt stress, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and their mutual interaction to explain the change of biomass was 35.6%. 【Conclusion】 Salt stress significantly inhibited the growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters and biomass of jackfruit seedlings, while the photosynthetic parameters and biomass of breadfruit were sensitive to high salt stress. The changes of salt stress, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate were closely related to the biomass variation of two Artocarpus varieties.

Key words: jackfruit, breadfruit, salt stress, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence

Table 1

Growth indexes of the seedlings of jackfruit and breadfruit under salt stress"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)		 叶面积
Leaf area
(cm2)		 叶绿素含量
Chlorophyll
content SPAD		 地上部干重
Dry weight of
shoot (g)		 地下部干重
Dry weight
of root (g)		 总干重
Total dry
weight (g)		 根冠比
Ratio of root/
shoot (%)
菠萝蜜
Jackfruit		 T0 40.17±4.59a 5.76±0.44a 160.05±44.11a 52.97±1.15a 8.82±0.54a 4.17±0.34a 12.99±0.88a 0.47±0.01b
T1 30.63±3.37b 4.71±0.39b 113.14±6.37b 53.33±4.13a 5.99±0.27b 3.10±0.14b 9.09±0.39b 0.52±0.02b
T2 24.37±4.52b 4.32±0.12b 117.43±5.34b 28.80±5.73bc 5.06±0.15cd 3.45±0.26b 8.52±0.29bc 0.68±0.06a
T3 28.63±2.63b 4.56±0.11b 111.07±5.87b 32.93±5.60b 5.34±0.36bc 3.33±0.14b 8.67±0.25bc 0.63±0.07a
T4 31.80±3.98b 4.31±0.30b 77.84±17.91b 22.67±2.67c 4.62±0.41d 3.12±0.14b 7.74±0.53c 0.68±0.04a
面包果
Breadfruit		 T0 77.13±8.87a 8.41±1.10a 266.47±31.90a 44.27±3.15a 17.14±0.80a 5.70±0.36a 22.84±1.10a 0.33±0.01bc
T1 80.23±4.57a 8.62±0.75a 293.23±44.24a 45.73±5.61a 16.91±1.74a 4.81±0.47b 21.72±2.17a 0.28±0.01c
T2 72.10±3.55a 7.81±0.11a 278.34±42.92a 40.53±2.40a 10.70±0.61b 4.13±0.08c 14.84±0.53b 0.39±0.03b
T3 79.17±2.70a 7.66±0.79a 240.91±49.80a 47.37±1.95a 6.89±0.98c 2.12±0.28d 9.00±1.25d 0.31±0.02c
T4 70.00±11.10a 7.40±1.85a 307.84±52.05a 46.67±4.95a 8.16±0.67c 3.63±0.39c 11.79±0.78c 0.45±0.06a

Fig. 1

Photosynthetic parameters in leaves of jackfruit and breadfruit seedlings under salt stress (mean±SE)"

Table 2

Chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of jackfruit and breadfruit seedlings under salt stress"

处理
Treatment		 光化学猝灭系数
Photochemical quenching coefficient
qP		 非光化学猝灭系数
Non-photochemical quenching coefficient
NPQ		 光系统Ⅱ活性
PSII activity
Fv/Fo		 潜在最大光能转换效率
Potential maximum light energy conversion efficiency Fv/Fm		 实际光能转换效率
Actual light energy conversion efficiency
ΦPSⅡ		 相对电子传递效率
Relative electron transfer efficiency
rETR
菠萝蜜
Jackfruit		 T0 0.95±0.02a 0.11±0.02a 3.74±0.03ab 0.79±0.00a 0.72±0.01a 8.29±0.10a
T1 0.94±0.00a 0.10±0.06a 4.07±0.06a 0.80±0.00a 0.72±0.00a 8.31±0.06a
T2 0.95±0.02a 0.18±0.05a 3.80±0.13ab 0.79±0.01a 0.70±0.02a 8.04±0.14a
T3 0.91±0.04ab 0.36±0.41a 3.11±0.44bc 0.75±0.03ab 0.63±0.10ab 7.19±1.18ab
T4 0.88±0.02b 0.44±0.32a 2.37±1.00c 0.69±0.09b 0.55±0.09b 6.35±1.03b
面包果
Breadfruit		 T0 0.94±0.02a 0.09±0.01ab 3.78±0.20a 0.79±0.01a 0.71±0.02a 5.93±0.14a
T1 0.93±0.01ab 0.06±0.03ab 3.93±0.17a 0.80±0.01a 0.70±0.01ab 5.84±0.11ab
T2 0.93±0.00ab 0.11±0.00a 3.61±0.01a 0.78±0.00a 0.70±0.00a 5.86±0.01a
T3 0.93±0.04ab 0.10±0.05a 3.84±0.13a 0.79±0.01a 0.70±0.02ab 5.84±0.20ab
T4 0.90±0.01b 0.04±0.02b 3.80±0.30a 0.79±0.01a 0.67±0.02b 5.58±0.14b

Fig. 2

Correlation between the biomass and photosynthetic parameters of jackfruit and breadfruit seedlings under salt stress TDW: total dry weight; RRS: ratio of root/shoot; SPAD: chlorophyll content; Photo: net photosynthetic rate; Cond: stomatal conductance; Ci: Intercellular CO2 concentration; Trmmol: Transpiration rate. “*” indicates significant difference at 0.05 level; “**” indicates significant difference at 0.01 level. Blue indicates a positive correlation, red indicates a negative correlation. The size of the circle indicates the magnitude of the correlation"

Fig. 3

Variation partitioning analysis (VPA) was used to quantify the effects of salt stress (S), net photosynthetic rate (P), and chlorophyll content (SPAD), and all of them on jackfruit and breadfruit seedlings biomassCircles on the edges of the triangle show the percentage of variation explained by each factor alone. The percentage of variation explained by interactions between two or three of the factors is shown as rectangles on the sides and as a circle at the center of the triangle. The unexplained variation is depicted in the rectangle on the bottom"

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